SlideShare uma empresa Scribd logo
1 de 9
Onlineassignment.net Your Homework homework help Partner Subject : Finance  Topic : Derivatives   Futures
Problem 1 A bank offers a corporate client a choice between borrowing cash at 11% p.a. and borrowing gold at 2% p.a. (If gold is borrowed, interest must be repaid in gold. Thus, 100 ounces of gold borrowed today, would require 102 ounces to be repaid in 1 year). The risk free interest rate is at 9.25% p.a., and storage costs are 0.5% p.a. Discuss whether the interest rate on gold loan is too high or too low in relation to the rate of interest on the cash loan. The interest rates on the two loans are expressed with annual compounding. The risk free interest rate and the storage costs are expressed with continuous compounding.
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Option 1: Borrow money at 11% p.a., buy gold with the funds obtained and pay 0.5% storage costs for gold. At the same time, enter into a forward contract to sell gold at loan maturity. At loan maturity, sell gold at the forward price.  Let us denote the current spot price of gold as S. Then the forward price is F = S*e0.0925+0.005 = Se0.098 Assume that the investor borrows $100. With this funds he will buy 100/S ounces of gold, and sell them for (100/S)* Se0.098 ≈100*e0.098 ≈ $110.30 But the loan repayment is $100 * (1.11) = $111, hence, that the investor is losing $111 - $100*e0.098 ≈  $0.70 on the transaction, paid at loan maturity.   Cont >>
Option 2: Borrow 100/S ounces of gold, and repay the loan with (100/S)(1+r) ounces of gold. Thus the investor loses (100/S)*(1+r) – 100/S = 100r/S ounces of gold in this transaction, paid at loan maturity. As the arbitrage free forward price of gold is Se0.098, the dollar cost of that loss is (100r/S)*( Se0.098) = 100r e0.098 For the two transactions to be equal, we must have $111 - $100*e0.098 = 100r e0.098 Or,  Or, r =$111 - $100*e0.098 $100 e0.098Or, r = 0.7% Thus the gold rate is less than the interest rate on the cash loan. It is advantageous for the investor to borrow gold. (End of Solution 1)
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Solution to Problem 2 (a) CRUDE OIL Standard deviation of daily changes in price of the crude oil futures contract = $0.31 per barrel or $310 per contract. For a 1% risk The z statistic for a level of significance of 1% is 2.33. For a 1% chance that an investor with a balance slightly above the maintenance margin level on a particular day has a negative balance 2 days later, the required maintenance margin level for crude = $310*√2*2.33 =$1,021. Similarly for a 0.1% risk, the required maintenance margin =$310*√2*3.09 = $1,355   contd >
[object Object],[object Object]
Thank You ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Mais conteúdo relacionado

Mais de Online

Economics - Price mechanism
Economics - Price mechanismEconomics - Price mechanism
Economics - Price mechanismOnline
 
50 Tips to Success in Life | Career | Dreams
50 Tips to Success in Life | Career | Dreams50 Tips to Success in Life | Career | Dreams
50 Tips to Success in Life | Career | DreamsOnline
 
Chemistry Homework help for students worldwide | by onlineassignment.net
Chemistry Homework help for students worldwide | by onlineassignment.netChemistry Homework help for students worldwide | by onlineassignment.net
Chemistry Homework help for students worldwide | by onlineassignment.netOnline
 
Management Assignment Help for students worldwide | by Onlineassignment.n
Management Assignment Help for students worldwide   | by Onlineassignment.nManagement Assignment Help for students worldwide   | by Onlineassignment.n
Management Assignment Help for students worldwide | by Onlineassignment.nOnline
 
Management Assignment Help | by Onlineassignment.Net
Management Assignment Help | by Onlineassignment.NetManagement Assignment Help | by Onlineassignment.Net
Management Assignment Help | by Onlineassignment.NetOnline
 
Marketing Assignment Help | Marketing Assignment Help with Onlineassignemnt.net
Marketing Assignment Help | Marketing Assignment Help with Onlineassignemnt.net Marketing Assignment Help | Marketing Assignment Help with Onlineassignemnt.net
Marketing Assignment Help | Marketing Assignment Help with Onlineassignemnt.net Online
 

Mais de Online (6)

Economics - Price mechanism
Economics - Price mechanismEconomics - Price mechanism
Economics - Price mechanism
 
50 Tips to Success in Life | Career | Dreams
50 Tips to Success in Life | Career | Dreams50 Tips to Success in Life | Career | Dreams
50 Tips to Success in Life | Career | Dreams
 
Chemistry Homework help for students worldwide | by onlineassignment.net
Chemistry Homework help for students worldwide | by onlineassignment.netChemistry Homework help for students worldwide | by onlineassignment.net
Chemistry Homework help for students worldwide | by onlineassignment.net
 
Management Assignment Help for students worldwide | by Onlineassignment.n
Management Assignment Help for students worldwide   | by Onlineassignment.nManagement Assignment Help for students worldwide   | by Onlineassignment.n
Management Assignment Help for students worldwide | by Onlineassignment.n
 
Management Assignment Help | by Onlineassignment.Net
Management Assignment Help | by Onlineassignment.NetManagement Assignment Help | by Onlineassignment.Net
Management Assignment Help | by Onlineassignment.Net
 
Marketing Assignment Help | Marketing Assignment Help with Onlineassignemnt.net
Marketing Assignment Help | Marketing Assignment Help with Onlineassignemnt.net Marketing Assignment Help | Marketing Assignment Help with Onlineassignemnt.net
Marketing Assignment Help | Marketing Assignment Help with Onlineassignemnt.net
 

Último

Capitol Tech Univ Doctoral Presentation -May 2024
Capitol Tech Univ Doctoral Presentation -May 2024Capitol Tech Univ Doctoral Presentation -May 2024
Capitol Tech Univ Doctoral Presentation -May 2024CapitolTechU
 
Open Educational Resources Primer PowerPoint
Open Educational Resources Primer PowerPointOpen Educational Resources Primer PowerPoint
Open Educational Resources Primer PowerPointELaRue0
 
....................Muslim-Law notes.pdf
....................Muslim-Law notes.pdf....................Muslim-Law notes.pdf
....................Muslim-Law notes.pdfVikramadityaRaj
 
REPRODUCTIVE TOXICITY STUDIE OF MALE AND FEMALEpptx
REPRODUCTIVE TOXICITY  STUDIE OF MALE AND FEMALEpptxREPRODUCTIVE TOXICITY  STUDIE OF MALE AND FEMALEpptx
REPRODUCTIVE TOXICITY STUDIE OF MALE AND FEMALEpptxmanishaJyala2
 
UNIT – IV_PCI Complaints: Complaints and evaluation of complaints, Handling o...
UNIT – IV_PCI Complaints: Complaints and evaluation of complaints, Handling o...UNIT – IV_PCI Complaints: Complaints and evaluation of complaints, Handling o...
UNIT – IV_PCI Complaints: Complaints and evaluation of complaints, Handling o...Sayali Powar
 
Basic Civil Engineering notes on Transportation Engineering, Modes of Transpo...
Basic Civil Engineering notes on Transportation Engineering, Modes of Transpo...Basic Civil Engineering notes on Transportation Engineering, Modes of Transpo...
Basic Civil Engineering notes on Transportation Engineering, Modes of Transpo...Denish Jangid
 
size separation d pharm 1st year pharmaceutics
size separation d pharm 1st year pharmaceuticssize separation d pharm 1st year pharmaceutics
size separation d pharm 1st year pharmaceuticspragatimahajan3
 
Removal Strategy _ FEFO _ Working with Perishable Products in Odoo 17
Removal Strategy _ FEFO _ Working with Perishable Products in Odoo 17Removal Strategy _ FEFO _ Working with Perishable Products in Odoo 17
Removal Strategy _ FEFO _ Working with Perishable Products in Odoo 17Celine George
 
Danh sách HSG Bộ môn cấp trường - Cấp THPT.pdf
Danh sách HSG Bộ môn cấp trường - Cấp THPT.pdfDanh sách HSG Bộ môn cấp trường - Cấp THPT.pdf
Danh sách HSG Bộ môn cấp trường - Cấp THPT.pdfQucHHunhnh
 
2024_Student Session 2_ Set Plan Preparation.pptx
2024_Student Session 2_ Set Plan Preparation.pptx2024_Student Session 2_ Set Plan Preparation.pptx
2024_Student Session 2_ Set Plan Preparation.pptxmansk2
 
Mbaye_Astou.Education Civica_Human Rights.pptx
Mbaye_Astou.Education Civica_Human Rights.pptxMbaye_Astou.Education Civica_Human Rights.pptx
Mbaye_Astou.Education Civica_Human Rights.pptxnuriaiuzzolino1
 
[GDSC YCCE] Build with AI Online Presentation
[GDSC YCCE] Build with AI Online Presentation[GDSC YCCE] Build with AI Online Presentation
[GDSC YCCE] Build with AI Online PresentationGDSCYCCE
 
The Benefits and Challenges of Open Educational Resources
The Benefits and Challenges of Open Educational ResourcesThe Benefits and Challenges of Open Educational Resources
The Benefits and Challenges of Open Educational Resourcesaileywriter
 
Essential Safety precautions during monsoon season
Essential Safety precautions during monsoon seasonEssential Safety precautions during monsoon season
Essential Safety precautions during monsoon seasonMayur Khatri
 
ppt your views.ppt your views of your college in your eyes
ppt your views.ppt your views of your college in your eyesppt your views.ppt your views of your college in your eyes
ppt your views.ppt your views of your college in your eyesashishpaul799
 
INU_CAPSTONEDESIGN_비밀번호486_업로드용 발표자료.pdf
INU_CAPSTONEDESIGN_비밀번호486_업로드용 발표자료.pdfINU_CAPSTONEDESIGN_비밀번호486_업로드용 발표자료.pdf
INU_CAPSTONEDESIGN_비밀번호486_업로드용 발표자료.pdfbu07226
 
會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文
會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文
會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文中 央社
 

Último (20)

Word Stress rules esl .pptx
Word Stress rules esl               .pptxWord Stress rules esl               .pptx
Word Stress rules esl .pptx
 
Capitol Tech Univ Doctoral Presentation -May 2024
Capitol Tech Univ Doctoral Presentation -May 2024Capitol Tech Univ Doctoral Presentation -May 2024
Capitol Tech Univ Doctoral Presentation -May 2024
 
Open Educational Resources Primer PowerPoint
Open Educational Resources Primer PowerPointOpen Educational Resources Primer PowerPoint
Open Educational Resources Primer PowerPoint
 
....................Muslim-Law notes.pdf
....................Muslim-Law notes.pdf....................Muslim-Law notes.pdf
....................Muslim-Law notes.pdf
 
REPRODUCTIVE TOXICITY STUDIE OF MALE AND FEMALEpptx
REPRODUCTIVE TOXICITY  STUDIE OF MALE AND FEMALEpptxREPRODUCTIVE TOXICITY  STUDIE OF MALE AND FEMALEpptx
REPRODUCTIVE TOXICITY STUDIE OF MALE AND FEMALEpptx
 
UNIT – IV_PCI Complaints: Complaints and evaluation of complaints, Handling o...
UNIT – IV_PCI Complaints: Complaints and evaluation of complaints, Handling o...UNIT – IV_PCI Complaints: Complaints and evaluation of complaints, Handling o...
UNIT – IV_PCI Complaints: Complaints and evaluation of complaints, Handling o...
 
Basic Civil Engineering notes on Transportation Engineering, Modes of Transpo...
Basic Civil Engineering notes on Transportation Engineering, Modes of Transpo...Basic Civil Engineering notes on Transportation Engineering, Modes of Transpo...
Basic Civil Engineering notes on Transportation Engineering, Modes of Transpo...
 
size separation d pharm 1st year pharmaceutics
size separation d pharm 1st year pharmaceuticssize separation d pharm 1st year pharmaceutics
size separation d pharm 1st year pharmaceutics
 
“O BEIJO” EM ARTE .
“O BEIJO” EM ARTE                       .“O BEIJO” EM ARTE                       .
“O BEIJO” EM ARTE .
 
Removal Strategy _ FEFO _ Working with Perishable Products in Odoo 17
Removal Strategy _ FEFO _ Working with Perishable Products in Odoo 17Removal Strategy _ FEFO _ Working with Perishable Products in Odoo 17
Removal Strategy _ FEFO _ Working with Perishable Products in Odoo 17
 
Danh sách HSG Bộ môn cấp trường - Cấp THPT.pdf
Danh sách HSG Bộ môn cấp trường - Cấp THPT.pdfDanh sách HSG Bộ môn cấp trường - Cấp THPT.pdf
Danh sách HSG Bộ môn cấp trường - Cấp THPT.pdf
 
2024_Student Session 2_ Set Plan Preparation.pptx
2024_Student Session 2_ Set Plan Preparation.pptx2024_Student Session 2_ Set Plan Preparation.pptx
2024_Student Session 2_ Set Plan Preparation.pptx
 
Mbaye_Astou.Education Civica_Human Rights.pptx
Mbaye_Astou.Education Civica_Human Rights.pptxMbaye_Astou.Education Civica_Human Rights.pptx
Mbaye_Astou.Education Civica_Human Rights.pptx
 
[GDSC YCCE] Build with AI Online Presentation
[GDSC YCCE] Build with AI Online Presentation[GDSC YCCE] Build with AI Online Presentation
[GDSC YCCE] Build with AI Online Presentation
 
The Benefits and Challenges of Open Educational Resources
The Benefits and Challenges of Open Educational ResourcesThe Benefits and Challenges of Open Educational Resources
The Benefits and Challenges of Open Educational Resources
 
Essential Safety precautions during monsoon season
Essential Safety precautions during monsoon seasonEssential Safety precautions during monsoon season
Essential Safety precautions during monsoon season
 
ppt your views.ppt your views of your college in your eyes
ppt your views.ppt your views of your college in your eyesppt your views.ppt your views of your college in your eyes
ppt your views.ppt your views of your college in your eyes
 
INU_CAPSTONEDESIGN_비밀번호486_업로드용 발표자료.pdf
INU_CAPSTONEDESIGN_비밀번호486_업로드용 발표자료.pdfINU_CAPSTONEDESIGN_비밀번호486_업로드용 발표자료.pdf
INU_CAPSTONEDESIGN_비밀번호486_업로드용 발표자료.pdf
 
Operations Management - Book1.p - Dr. Abdulfatah A. Salem
Operations Management - Book1.p  - Dr. Abdulfatah A. SalemOperations Management - Book1.p  - Dr. Abdulfatah A. Salem
Operations Management - Book1.p - Dr. Abdulfatah A. Salem
 
會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文
會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文
會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文會考英文
 

Finance Assignment Help with Onlineassignment.net

  • 1. Onlineassignment.net Your Homework homework help Partner Subject : Finance Topic : Derivatives Futures
  • 2. Problem 1 A bank offers a corporate client a choice between borrowing cash at 11% p.a. and borrowing gold at 2% p.a. (If gold is borrowed, interest must be repaid in gold. Thus, 100 ounces of gold borrowed today, would require 102 ounces to be repaid in 1 year). The risk free interest rate is at 9.25% p.a., and storage costs are 0.5% p.a. Discuss whether the interest rate on gold loan is too high or too low in relation to the rate of interest on the cash loan. The interest rates on the two loans are expressed with annual compounding. The risk free interest rate and the storage costs are expressed with continuous compounding.
  • 3.
  • 4. Option 1: Borrow money at 11% p.a., buy gold with the funds obtained and pay 0.5% storage costs for gold. At the same time, enter into a forward contract to sell gold at loan maturity. At loan maturity, sell gold at the forward price. Let us denote the current spot price of gold as S. Then the forward price is F = S*e0.0925+0.005 = Se0.098 Assume that the investor borrows $100. With this funds he will buy 100/S ounces of gold, and sell them for (100/S)* Se0.098 ≈100*e0.098 ≈ $110.30 But the loan repayment is $100 * (1.11) = $111, hence, that the investor is losing $111 - $100*e0.098 ≈ $0.70 on the transaction, paid at loan maturity. Cont >>
  • 5. Option 2: Borrow 100/S ounces of gold, and repay the loan with (100/S)(1+r) ounces of gold. Thus the investor loses (100/S)*(1+r) – 100/S = 100r/S ounces of gold in this transaction, paid at loan maturity. As the arbitrage free forward price of gold is Se0.098, the dollar cost of that loss is (100r/S)*( Se0.098) = 100r e0.098 For the two transactions to be equal, we must have $111 - $100*e0.098 = 100r e0.098 Or, Or, r =$111 - $100*e0.098 $100 e0.098Or, r = 0.7% Thus the gold rate is less than the interest rate on the cash loan. It is advantageous for the investor to borrow gold. (End of Solution 1)
  • 6.
  • 7. Solution to Problem 2 (a) CRUDE OIL Standard deviation of daily changes in price of the crude oil futures contract = $0.31 per barrel or $310 per contract. For a 1% risk The z statistic for a level of significance of 1% is 2.33. For a 1% chance that an investor with a balance slightly above the maintenance margin level on a particular day has a negative balance 2 days later, the required maintenance margin level for crude = $310*√2*2.33 =$1,021. Similarly for a 0.1% risk, the required maintenance margin =$310*√2*3.09 = $1,355 contd >
  • 8.
  • 9.