Docker - Lightweight Virtualization

•

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Mehdi Hasan

Docker - Lightweight Virtualization with Containers

Tecnologia

That eternal crap…!
(i.e Having no idea what’s wrong)

Passing on the headache!
Not the solution

Some use cases
• Solving dependency hell
• Conﬁgure once, run anywhere
• Continuous integration
• Create sandboxed app
• Run your own PaaS

Isolation Portability
Provisioning
Hypervisors/VM
Chef, Puppet, Ansible
Your app, libraries
Docker

Docker vs. VM
Hardware
Linux/Kernel
Container Container
Container Container
Container Container
Hardware
Linux/Kernel
VM
Linux/Kernel
VM
Linux/Kernel
VM
Linux/Kernel
VM
Linux/Kernel
Shared Resource, Lightweight,
Portable, Fast to boot
Dedicated Resource, Heavy, Not
portable, Comparatively slower boot

Under the Hood
LXC
Dream inside dream
inside dream….
(The Inception in Linux)
Namespaces
& cgroups
Isolated pid, net, uid….
Copy-on-
write
Filesystem
AUFS, btrfs, ZFS….

Docker Vocabulary
• Repository
• Image
• Tag
$ docker images ubuntu
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID
ubuntu 10.04 9cc9ea5ea540
ubuntu 12.04 9cd978db300e
ubuntu 12.10 5ac751e8d623
ubuntu 13.04 eb601b8965b8
ubuntu 13.10 9f676bd305a4
ubuntu latest 9cd978db300e
ubuntu lucid 9cc9ea5ea540
ubuntu precise 9cd978db300e
ubuntu quantal 5ac751e8d623
ubuntu raring eb601b8965b8
ubuntu saucy 9f676bd305a4

Docker Vocabulary
• Registry $ docker pull ubuntu:12.04
Pulling repository ubuntu
c0fe63f9a4c1: Pulling dependent layers
511136ea3c5a: Download complete
6170bb7b0ad1: Download complete
79fdb1362c84: Downloading [===> ]56 MB/66.64 MB 10m9s

Docker Vocabulary
• Index $ docker login
Username: mehdi
Password:
Email: mehdi@team.okdo.it
Login Succeeded

Docker Vocabulary
• Container
$ docker run ubuntu:12.04 echo Hello World
Hello World
$ docker run -i -t ubuntu:12.04 /bin/bash
root@a09d485c9a9f:/# uname -a
Linux a09d485c9a9f 3.13.3-tinycore64 #1 SMP Wed
Mar 26 03:16:13 UTC 2014 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64
GNU/Linux
!
root@a09d485c9a9f:/#
$ docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS !
f0638f0a1c7a ubuntu:12.04 /bin/bash 46 minutes ago Up 4 seconds
Tip: Press Ctrl+P
and Ctrl+Q to
detach running
containers

Docker Vocabulary
• Dockerﬁle $ cat Dockerfile
FROM ubuntu:12.04!
!
MAINTAINER Mehdi Hasan "mehdi@team.okdo.it"!
!
RUN apt-get -y install python-software-properties!
RUN add-apt-repository ppa:chris-lea/node.js!
RUN apt-get update!
RUN apt-get -y install python g++ make nodejs!
$ docker build -t mehdi/nodejs .
There is a
trailing dot
$ docker push mehdi/nodejs
Image c0fe63f9a4c1 already pushed, skipping
Image 5ff6986cd174 already pushed, skipping
Image 3867fae91348 already pushed, skipping
Image 4574f80c91e4 already pushed, skipping
Image 37c2cc34fa4e already pushed, skipping
757db77867dd: Image successfully pushed
Pushing tag for rev [757db77867dd] on {https://
registry-1.docker.io/v1/repositories/mehdi/nodejs/tags/
latest}
Any idea
why these
images are
skipped?

Container vs. Image!
Still Puzzled?
Running container from an image:
Creating image from a container:
$ docker ps -a!
$ docker commit -m “Image description"
<CONTAINER_ID> <USERNAME>/<REPO>
$ docker run -i -t ubuntu:12.04 /bin/bash
Lets see a Demo

Docker Workﬂow
Dev ProdRegistry
Public/Private

Demo
Deploying a sample app on the cloud using Docker

Your Next Weekend Fun Project:
Deploy something with Dokku
Dokku
Docker powered mini-Heroku in around 100 lines of Bash
See the demo here: http://vimeo.com/68631325
https://github.com/progrium/dokku

The rabbit hole goes deeper
than that…
• How to deal with data, logs, ﬁle uploads? Where to store?
Inside container? Inside host? Inside another container? 
 
Hint: Read http://docs.docker.io/en/latest/use/
working_with_volumes/
• How to deal with distributed systems?  
 
Hint: Follow http://www.centurylinklabs.com/category/
docker-posts/

Keep following…
• https://coreos.com/
• http://www.confd.io/
• http://www.serfdom.io/
• http://www.dockerbook.com/ (Not yet released)*
* As of May, 2014

Docker cheat sheet
• https://gist.github.com/wsargent/7049221
• https://coderwall.com/p/2es5jw

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Docker - Lightweight Virtualization

2. Why?

3. That eternal crap…! (i.e Having no idea what’s wrong)

4. Passing on the headache! Not the solution

5. Some use cases • Solving dependency hell • Conﬁgure once, run anywhere • Continuous integration • Create sandboxed app • Run your own PaaS

6. So, what’s Docker anyway?

7. Isolation Portability Provisioning Hypervisors/VM Chef, Puppet, Ansible Your app, libraries Docker

8. Docker vs. VM Hardware Linux/Kernel Container Container Container Container Container Container Hardware Linux/Kernel VM Linux/Kernel VM Linux/Kernel VM Linux/Kernel VM Linux/Kernel Shared Resource, Lightweight, Portable, Fast to boot Dedicated Resource, Heavy, Not portable, Comparatively slower boot

9. Under the Hood LXC Dream inside dream inside dream…. (The Inception in Linux) Namespaces & cgroups Isolated pid, net, uid…. Copy-on- write Filesystem AUFS, btrfs, ZFS….

10. Installation Do It Yourself

11. Docker Vocabulary • Repository • Image • Tag $ docker images ubuntu REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID ubuntu 10.04 9cc9ea5ea540 ubuntu 12.04 9cd978db300e ubuntu 12.10 5ac751e8d623 ubuntu 13.04 eb601b8965b8 ubuntu 13.10 9f676bd305a4 ubuntu latest 9cd978db300e ubuntu lucid 9cc9ea5ea540 ubuntu precise 9cd978db300e ubuntu quantal 5ac751e8d623 ubuntu raring eb601b8965b8 ubuntu saucy 9f676bd305a4

12. Docker Vocabulary • Registry $ docker pull ubuntu:12.04 Pulling repository ubuntu c0fe63f9a4c1: Pulling dependent layers 511136ea3c5a: Download complete 6170bb7b0ad1: Download complete 79fdb1362c84: Downloading [===> ]56 MB/66.64 MB 10m9s

13. Docker Vocabulary • Index $ docker login Username: mehdi Password: Email: mehdi@team.okdo.it Login Succeeded

14. Docker Vocabulary • Container $ docker run ubuntu:12.04 echo Hello World Hello World $ docker run -i -t ubuntu:12.04 /bin/bash root@a09d485c9a9f:/# uname -a Linux a09d485c9a9f 3.13.3-tinycore64 #1 SMP Wed Mar 26 03:16:13 UTC 2014 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux ! root@a09d485c9a9f:/# $ docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS ! f0638f0a1c7a ubuntu:12.04 /bin/bash 46 minutes ago Up 4 seconds Tip: Press Ctrl+P and Ctrl+Q to detach running containers

15. Docker Vocabulary • Dockerﬁle $ cat Dockerfile FROM ubuntu:12.04! ! MAINTAINER Mehdi Hasan "mehdi@team.okdo.it"! ! RUN apt-get -y install python-software-properties! RUN add-apt-repository ppa:chris-lea/node.js! RUN apt-get update! RUN apt-get -y install python g++ make nodejs! $ docker build -t mehdi/nodejs . There is a trailing dot $ docker push mehdi/nodejs Image c0fe63f9a4c1 already pushed, skipping Image 5ff6986cd174 already pushed, skipping Image 3867fae91348 already pushed, skipping Image 4574f80c91e4 already pushed, skipping Image 37c2cc34fa4e already pushed, skipping 757db77867dd: Image successfully pushed Pushing tag for rev [757db77867dd] on {https:// registry-1.docker.io/v1/repositories/mehdi/nodejs/tags/ latest} Any idea why these images are skipped?

16. Container vs. Image! Still Puzzled? Running container from an image: Creating image from a container: $ docker ps -a! $ docker commit -m “Image description" <CONTAINER_ID> <USERNAME>/<REPO> $ docker run -i -t ubuntu:12.04 /bin/bash Lets see a Demo

17. Docker Workﬂow Dev ProdRegistry Public/Private

18. Demo Deploying a sample app on the cloud using Docker

19. Your Next Weekend Fun Project: Deploy something with Dokku Dokku Docker powered mini-Heroku in around 100 lines of Bash See the demo here: http://vimeo.com/68631325 https://github.com/progrium/dokku

20. The rabbit hole goes deeper than that… • How to deal with data, logs, ﬁle uploads? Where to store? Inside container? Inside host? Inside another container?    Hint: Read http://docs.docker.io/en/latest/use/ working_with_volumes/ • How to deal with distributed systems?     Hint: Follow http://www.centurylinklabs.com/category/ docker-posts/

21. Keep following… • https://coreos.com/ • http://www.confd.io/ • http://www.serfdom.io/ • http://www.dockerbook.com/ (Not yet released)* * As of May, 2014

22. Docker cheat sheet • https://gist.github.com/wsargent/7049221 • https://coderwall.com/p/2es5jw

23. Questions?

Docker - Lightweight Virtualization

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