In this talk, we'll look at the tools and modules available for migrating content into Drupal. I'll describe the workflow I've used to prepare, transform, and import thousands of records into Drupal. I'll share strategies for cleaning up and parsing data and doing it in a reliable, repeatable manner. You'll learn how to efficiently use PHP, Feeds, and Feeds XPath Parser modules to handle almost any data source thrown your way.

1. Migrating without Migraines
Oscar Merida
October. 21, 2014

2. Content is nomadic
Musketeers.me

3. Managing Content
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Migrations
• Technical process features
• Automated
• Safe
• Adaptable
• See also “Hitch your Wagon”, 2013
• http://phpa.me/hitch-your-wagon

4. Musketeers.me
Automated Photo by pubsubhashis

5. Musketeers.me
Safe

6. Musketeers.me
Adaptable

7. Migration Workflow
Sources XML
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Documents CMS

8. Built from many sources
• One or more database tables
• … or CSV, or XML, or…
• Reference other content
• Reference image, audio, & other files
• Reference other systems
• for example, Youtube for video
Musketeers.me

9. Transform to XML
• Represent fully built content and
attributes
• Clean up errors
• Character encodings, HTML entities
• Filenames & paths
• Assign a unique identifier
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10. Import to Drupal
• Use Feeds & Feeds XPath Parser modules
• http://drupal.org/project/feeds_xpathparser
• also JSON Parser, and others
• UI to map XML to entity attributes & fields
• UI for importing, deleting content
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11. What else do we need?
• Access to source(s)
• Command line PHP to transform it to XML
• https://github.com/omerida/importtools
• … patience.
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12. Importing Author Profiles
• We need to import profiles for
authors on our site.
• Authors are not users, just a
biographical profile (content type)
• Data is provided via a CSV file
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13. Sample CSV data
!
first name,last
name,email,city,country,date_joined,company,bio,id,tags
Whilemina,Benton,sollicitudin.orci@arcuiaculisenim.ca,Ansfelden,Sri
Lanka,12/25/13,Vivamus Institute,"amet nulla. Donec non justo. Proin
non massa non ante bibendum ullamcorper. Duis cursus, diam at
pretium aliquet, metus urna convallis",1,"contributor, author, "
Kim,Sellers,amet.ultricies@ultriciesdignissim.com,Cabo de Santo
Agostinho,Burundi,06/26/14,Maecenas Ornare Foundation,"eget massa.
Suspendisse eleifend. Cras sed leo. Cras vehicula aliquet libero.
Integer in magna. Phasellus dolor elit, pellentesque a, facilisis
non, bibendum sed, est. Nunc laoreet lectus quis massa.",2,
Musketeers.me

14. Sample CSV data
!
first name,last
name,email,city,country,date_joined,company,bio,id,tags
Whilemina,Benton,sollicitudin.orci@arcuiaculisenim.ca,Ansfelden,Sri
Lanka,12/25/13,Vivamus Institute,"amet nulla. Donec non justo. Proin
non massa non ante bibendum ullamcorper. Duis cursus, diam at
pretium aliquet, metus urna convallis",1,"contributor, author, "
Kim,Sellers,amet.ultricies@ultriciesdignissim.com,Cabo de Santo
Agostinho,Burundi,06/26/14,Maecenas Ornare Foundation,"eget massa.
Suspendisse eleifend. Cras sed leo. Cras vehicula aliquet libero.
Integer in magna. Phasellus dolor elit, pellentesque a, facilisis
non, bibendum sed, est. Nunc laoreet lectus quis massa.",2,
Musketeers.me

15. Sample CSV data
!
first name,last
name,email,city,country,date_joined,company,bio,id,tags
Whilemina,Benton,sollicitudin.orci@arcuiaculisenim.ca,Ansfelden,Sri
Lanka,12/25/13,Vivamus Institute,"amet nulla. Donec non justo. Proin
non massa non ante bibendum ullamcorper. Duis cursus, diam at
pretium aliquet, metus urna convallis",1,"contributor, author, "
Kim,Sellers,amet.ultricies@ultriciesdignissim.com,Cabo de Santo
Agostinho,Burundi,06/26/14,Maecenas Ornare Foundation,"eget massa.
Suspendisse eleifend. Cras sed leo. Cras vehicula aliquet libero.
Integer in magna. Phasellus dolor elit, pellentesque a, facilisis
non, bibendum sed, est. Nunc laoreet lectus quis massa.”,2,
Musketeers.me

16. Sample CSV data
!
first name,last
name,email,city,country,date_joined,company,bio,id,tags
Whilemina,Benton,sollicitudin.orci@arcuiaculisenim.ca,Ansfelden,Sri
Lanka,12/25/13,Vivamus Institute,"amet nulla. Donec non justo. Proin
non massa non ante bibendum ullamcorper. Duis cursus, diam at
pretium aliquet, metus urna convallis",1,"contributor, author, "
Kim,Sellers,amet.ultricies@ultriciesdignissim.com,Cabo de Santo
Agostinho,Burundi,06/26/14,Maecenas Ornare Foundation,"eget massa.
Suspendisse eleifend. Cras sed leo. Cras vehicula aliquet libero.
Integer in magna. Phasellus dolor elit, pellentesque a, facilisis
non, bibendum sed, est. Nunc laoreet lectus quis massa.",2,
Musketeers.me

17. Sample CSV data
!
first name,last
name,email,city,country,date_joined,company,bio,id,tags
Whilemina,Benton,sollicitudin.orci@arcuiaculisenim.ca,Ansfelden,Sri
Lanka,12/25/13,Vivamus Institute,"amet nulla. Donec non justo. Proin
non massa non ante bibendum ullamcorper. Duis cursus, diam at
pretium aliquet, metus urna convallis",1,"contributor, author, "
Kim,Sellers,amet.ultricies@ultriciesdignissim.com,Cabo de Santo
Agostinho,Burundi,06/26/14,Maecenas Ornare Foundation,"eget massa.
Suspendisse eleifend. Cras sed leo. Cras vehicula aliquet libero.
Integer in magna. Phasellus dolor elit, pellentesque a, facilisis
non, bibendum sed, est. Nunc laoreet lectus quis massa.",2,
Musketeers.me

18. Musketeers.me
1. Parse CSV
// read in our Sample CSV file
// and clean up incoming data with sampleParser
$csv = new readCsv(__DIR__ . '/sample.csv');
$csv->setKey('id');
$items = $csv->getArray('ProfileParser');

19. 2. Clean up incoming
function profileParser($item) {
// skip profiles without an email
if (empty($item['email'])) return false;
Musketeers.me
!
// create a first+last item
$item['last_first'] = $item['last_name'] . ', ' . $item['first_name'];
!
// cleanup & split the tags column into an array
if (isset($item['tags'])) {
$tags = explode(',', $item['tags']);
$tags = array_filter($tags);
$tags = array_map('trim', $tags);
$item['tags'] = $tags;
}
!
// clean date_joined format
$date = new DateTime($item['date_joined']);
$item['date_joined_clean'] = $date->format('Y-m-d');
!
return $item;
}

20. 3. Convert to XML
// output XML
$xml = new toXml("profiles", "profile");
$xml->setHandler("tags", "tagHandler");
$xml->convert($items);
echo $xml->saveXML();
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21. 4. Save XML Output
Musketeers.me
$ php csv2xml.php > profiles.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?>!
<profiles>!
<profile>!
<first_name>Whilemina</first_name>!
<last_name>Benton</last_name>!
<email>sollicitudin.orci@arcuiaculisenim.ca</email>!
<city>Ansfelden</city>!
<country>Sri Lanka</country>!
<date_joined>12/25/13</date_joined>!
<company>Vivamus Institute</company>!
<bio>amet nulla. Donec non justo. Proin non massa non ante bibendum ullamcorper. !
Duis cursus, diam at pretium aliquet, metus urna convallis</bio>!
<id>1</id>!
<roles>!
<role>contributor</role>!
<role>author</role>!
</roles>!
<last_first>Benton, Whilemina</last_first>!
<date_joined_clean>2013-12-25</date_joined_clean>!
</profile>

22. Our Profile Content Type
• Text fields: First Name, Last Name, City,
Country, Company
• Email field: E-mail
• Date field: Date Joined
• Long Text: bio
• List: Tags (roles)
• Integer: Legacy ID
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23. Musketeers.me

24. Step 4. Configure Feeds
• Basic: Disable periodic import
• Fetcher: File Upload
• Parser: XPath XML Parser
• Processor: Node processor
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25. 5. Configure Processor
• Settings
• Bundle: Target content type
• Update: Update existing nodes
• Text format: HTML
• Expire Nodes: never
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26. 6. Map Source to Target
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27. 7. Map Inputs with XPath
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28. An XPath Primer
• Used to query XML documents
• A path can return multiple nodes
• /profiles/profile - give me all profile nodes
• Can test for attributes, elements, and more
• http://github.com/GeorgeMac/xpath-primer
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29. 8. Run the Import
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30. Advanced Feeds Tricks
• Provide a URL to an image, audio, or
other media file, and it’ll download
automatically.
• Can create entity references
• As long as your GUIDs are set
• Can import to Field Collection
• https://drupal.org/project/field_collection_feeds
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31. hook_feeds_presave
• Clean up data on import
• Can also use regular node hooks
function grad_importers_feeds_presave(FeedsSource $source, $entity, $item) {!
if ('publications' == $source->id) {!
// ensure yes/no fields are imported!
$entity->field_submitted_web[LANGUAGE_NONE][0]['value'] = (int) $item['xpathparser:5'];!
$entity->field_media_promotion[LANGUAGE_NONE][0]['value'] = (int) $item['xpathparser:6'];!
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!
// don't lose freeform notes but import the values cleanly!
$notes = array_filter(array($item['xpathparser:8'], $item['xpathparser:12']));!
$entity->field_history_notes[LANGUAGE_NONE][0]['value'] = join("n", $notes);!
}!
}

32. hook_feeds_presave II
• Extract data from a field, assign it to another
function foo_feeds_presave(FeedsSource $source, $entity, $item) {!
if ('news_feed' == $source->id) {!
// get link and title out of the description field!
$doc = new DOMDocument();!
$x = @$doc->loadHTML($item['xpathparser:2']);!
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!
$links = $doc->getElementsByTagName('a');!
if ($link = $links->item(0)) {!
$entity->field_link['und'][0]['title'] = $link->nodeValue;!
$entity->field_link['und'][0]['url'] !
= $link->attributes->getNamedItem('href')->nodeValue;!
}!
}!
}

33. Creating an Entity Reference
• Map a source to
a Feeds GUID
!
!
• Set an XPATH
query to read the
GUID
Musketeers.me

34. Entity Reference XML
<scholars> !
<scholar>!
<scholar_id>b36c6b08b402c12bd3a11657420cd5dd</scholar_id>!
<scholar_name>Sammy Zahran, PhD</scholar_name>!
</scholar>!
</scholars>!
<program_id>ee01cb8d56dbd67bf89c3c4fcf69e2f5</program_id>!
</publication>
Musketeers.me

35. What about Drupal 8?
• Import API is in core
• Based on Migrate API
• http://groups.drupal.org/imp
• Porting Feeds module
• http://drupal.org/node/1960800
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36. What did we learn?
• Decouple your source from import
• Sources will change … versioning!
• Transform input sources to XML
• Clean up data with PHP before it gets to
Drupal.
• Quicker & easier to run more than one
import
Musketeers.me

37. Thank You.
• php[architect] - http://phparch.com
• Magazine, books, trainings, and …
• php[world] - this November
• http://world.phparch.com
• PHP Foundation for Drupal 8
• 2 days of training
• http://phpa.me/drupal8dec14

38. Musketeers.me
Questions?
@omerida on twitter