This project is to develop a wheel chair for physically disabled people The wheel chair is controlled by hand movement/hand gestures The gestures are recognized by an accelerometer sensor An ultrasonic sensor is used to detect the obstacles in front of the chair The signals from the sensors are processed, and the wheel chair is controlled by Atmega-328 micro controller

1. HAND GESTURE CONTROLLED
WHEEL CHAIR
MINI PROJECT

2. ABSTRACT
 This project is to develop a wheel chair for physically disabled people
 The wheel chair is controlled by hand movement/hand gestures
 The gestures are recognized by an accelerometer sensor
 An ultrasonic sensor is used to detect the obstacles in front of the chair
 The signals from the sensors are processed, and the wheel chair is
controlled by Atmega-328 micro controller

3. OUTLINE OF PRESENTATION
 Introduction and motivation
 Background and literature review
 About the project(Hardware and software info)
 Conclusion and future scope
 References
 Demo

4. INTRODUCTION AND
MOTIVATION
 Wheel chair is the best assistive device used by elder and
disabled people
 The driving and controlling of traditional wheel chair are much
harder task
 Our aim is to build a low cost and powerful wheel chair which
helps the handicapped people to travel without depending
others.
 Introducing a prototype of cost effective electronic gesture
based wheel chair
 Easy to operate, because this wheel chair can operated even by
a user without palm

5. BACKGROUND INFORMATION
 Arduino UNO
 Arduino IDE
 Accelerometer
 Ultrasonic sensor
 Motor Driver and DC Motor

6. Arduino UNO
 Arduino UNO is a microcontroller board based on
the
ATmega-328
 It has
 14 digital input/output pins(of which 6 can be
used
as PWM outputs)
 6 Analog inputs
 A 16 MHz crystal oscillator
 A USB connection, a power jack
 A reset button
Arduino UNO

7. Arduino IDE
 Open-source Arduino software(IDE) that makes
easy to write code and upload it to the board
 It runs on Windows, Mac OS X and Linux
 It is a cross platform application written in Java
 It includes a code editor with features such as
syntax highlighting, brace matching and
automatic indentation
 It provides simple one-click mechanism for
compiling and loading programs in to an Arduino
board
Arduino IDE

8. Accelerometer Sensor
 Accelerometer sensor is used to recognize the hand
gestures
 It recognizes the acceleration(tilting) of the hand in
both X and Y-axes
 It produces different numerical values corresponding
to the direction of acceleration
Accelerometer

9. Ultrasonic Sensor
 Ultrasonic sensor is used to sense the obstacle in front of the
chair.
 It calculates the distance by producing ultrasonic waves.
 It has an ultrasonic transmitter and a receiver
 The distance is calculated using the expression
distance=(duration/2)*.034
Where ,
duration : the time interval between transmission and
reception
0.034 is the speed of sound in centimeter per microseconds
Ultrasonic

10. Motor Driver and DC Motor
The L293D is a 16-pin IC with 8 pins on each side
It is dedicated to the controlling of a motor
An L293D can control 2 motors simultaneously
2 input pins,2 output pins and 1 enable pin for
each motor
Motor driver IC
DC Motor

11. ABOUT THE PROJECT
 Hardware components:
 Accelerometer sensor
 Ultra sonic sensor
 Arduino UNO
 Software component:
 Arduino IDE

12. Wheel chair architecture

13. Interfacing of Accelerometer with Arduino
Pin in sensor Port in Arduino
VCC 5V
GND GND
SCL A5
SDA A4

14. Interfacing of ultrasonic sensor with Arduino
Pin in sensor Port in Arduino
VCC 5V
GND GND
ECHO 12
TRIG 13

15. Interfacing of Motor driver with Arduino and DC
Motor

16. FUNCTION TABLE
Palm movement Function Action
Upward forward( ) Chair moves forward
Downward backward( ) Chair moves backward
Left left( ) Chair moves left
Right right( ) Chair moves right
Horizontal stop( ) Chair stop

17. FUNCTIONS USED

19. EXPERIMENTAL VALIDATION AND
RESULT
 The system was successfully implemented to move the
wheel chair Left, Right, Forward, Backward or Stay in
the same position
 The wheel chair detect the obstacle at the front and
stop the movement.

20. FUTURE SCOPE
 Automated wheel chair can be operated by a wireless
remote which can reduce the wiring arrangements
 Instead of using acceleration motion we can use eye retina
using optical sensor to move wheel chair accordingly
 We can use voice command IC’s to interface our voice
signal with micro-controller
 This system can be extended by including GSM which sends
an SMS during emergency
 Research are going on development of handicap wheel
chair using nervous system of human

21. CONCLUSION
 Automated wheel chair can be used to help handicapped
people, especially those who are not able to move
 The system was successfully implemented to move the
wheel chair Left, Right, Forward, Backward or Stay in
the same position

22. REFERENCES
[1] Rakhi A. Kalantri, D.K. Chitre ,“Automatic Wheelchair using Gesture Recognition” in
International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology (IJEAT) 2013,pp.146-150
[2] Manisha Devi, B.Anil Kumar, “Accelerometer Based Direction Controlled Wheelchair Using
Gesture Technology” in International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Technology,2014,pp :
1065-1070
[3] V Sundara Siva Kumar,G.Ramesh, P Nagesh “Hand Gesture Based Wheelchair Movement Control
for Disabled Person Using MEMS” International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Technology
2015
[4] Prof. Vishal V. Pande, Nikita S.Ubale, Darshana P. Masurkar, Nikita R. Ingole, Pragati P “ Hand
Gesture Based Wheelchair Movement Control for Disabled Person Using MEMS” in International
Journal of Engineering Research and Applications,April 2014, pp:152-158
[5] Arduino website, http://arduino.cc/en/Main/arduinoBoardMega

23. DEMO

24. THANK YOU