Second Year History Slides on the Reformation

1. The Reformation

2. Before the Reformation all Christians were part of one church,
led by the Pope
After the Reformation the Christian church was split into
Roman Catholic and Protestant parts
Roman Catholic – Loyal to the Pope in Rome
Protestants – Not loyal, Protesting against the Pope’s control

3. Before the Reformation, the Church had started to become
corrupt
◦ People had to pay a Tax, called a Tithe to support the church. This
annoyed many poor people, especially since the church was already
rich
◦ Many churchmen were greedy and bad at their job
◦ Bishops were from wealthy families – no poor people could become
Bishops
Golden altar in a
church

4. Simony – Buying and selling church positions
Nepotism – appointing relatives to important church
positions
Absenteeism – a bishop/priest not living in the place they
were appointed to
Pluralism – Holding more than one church position

5. The R_________ occurred in 1___ and resulted in the Christian
Church splitting into C________ and P_________.
S______ means buying or selling church positions
A t____ is a tax paid to the church
N________ is appointing relatives to important church positions

7. Born into a well off family
After encountering a thunderstorm Luther decided to become
a monk
He was shocked by the luxury of Rome during a visit
Felt he was going to hell as he was a terrible sinner
Came up with the idea of “justification by faith alone”

8. No need for good deeds – you just needed to believe in Jesus
to go to heaven
Good Works Faith alone

10. Simony German Monk
Nepotism Luther’s new belief
Luther Luther’s home country
Faith alone Luther was caught in this
Theology Buying or selling church positions
Germany Giving church jobs to friends
Leo X “Indulgence” Pope
Thunderstorm Study of God
Pluralism Holding more than one Church position
Lawyer What Luther might have been

11. Luther was disgusted with the selling of indulgences
(speeding up the soul’s trip to heaven)
Why should a rich man get to heaven quicker than a poor
man?
When a friar named John Tetzel started selling indulgences
near Luther’s home town, he spoke out…

12. Luther wrote to the local bishop, Albrecht of Brandenburg,
protesting about the selling of indulgences
Next, he created a list of complaints, called the 95 Theses,
and is supposed to have nailed them to the door of his local
church
Luther’s ideas began spreading…

15. 1. Justification by faith alone
2. People should read the bible themselves – not wait for
Priests to do it for them
3. No need for Priests – the “Priesthood of all believers”
4. Two sacraments – Baptism and Eucharist (Holy Communion)
5. No Pope.

19. After the Diet of Worms, some German princes became
followers of Martin Luther.
This horrified Charles V and war broke out which lasted for 15
years.
Eventually a peace agreement was reached, the Peace of
Augsburg, and the war ended
Luther continued preaching and married a former nun,
Catherine von Bora

21. Predestination – God has decided who is to go to heaven and
who is to go to hell before they are even born. Those who are
going to Heaven were called “The Elect”
An elected clergy – Church leaders, like Priests and Bishops,
should be voted in by the people
Calvin put these beliefs into practice in the city of Geneva, in
Switzerland – it became known as the “City of God”

22. Diet of Worms Papal Bull
Charles V The “City of God”
Fredrick the Wise Swiss Protestant reformer
Predestination expelled from the church
Exurge Domine Where Luther explained his ideas
95 Theses German Emperor
Geneva Before you are born God has decided
John Calvin Luther’s Prince and ally
John Knox Brought Calvinism to Scotland
Excommunication Nailed to a church door?

23. The English King, Henry VIII, was a Catholic and backed the
Pope.
However after the Pope refused to let Henry divorce his wife,
Catherine of Aragon, Henry decided to become a Protestant
King and turn England into a Protestant country.
Because Ireland was being ruled by England at this time
(1530), Ireland was now “officially” Protestant

24. Act of Supremacy: This was a new law in England which made
Henry head of the English Church, replacing the Pope.
Since the Monasteries in England were rich and powerful,
Henry decided to close them and take their money and land.
This was known as the Dissolution of the Monasteries
Henry went on to have Six wives, one after another.

27. Edward became King after Henry died and made England
more Protestant
Brought in a new prayer book, the Book of Common Prayer
Dies aged 15, replaced as ruler by Mary, Henry’s Daughter

28. Tried to make England Catholic, executed about 300
Protestants
Married Philip of Spain, this made her very unpopular in
England

29. Mary died and was replaced by Elizabeth, who returned
England to Protestantism
Very popular Queen – ruled for 45 years, fought off a Spanish
Invasion

30. In Ireland, the Protestant Church became known as the
Church of Ireland
St. Columba’s Church is a Church of Ireland church.

31. Act of Supremacy Married Queen Mary
Bloody Mary Shut down by Henry
Book of Common Prayer Catherine of Aragon’s fate
Elizabeth Mary’s nickname
Dissolution Made Henry head of the Church
Divorce Anglican church in Ennis
Beheaded Edward’s prayer book
Clare Abbey “Virgin Queen”
St Columba’s Church Anne Boleyn’s fate
Prince Philip Shutting the monasteries