1. The document discusses a presentation given by Professor Masaki Ito on his research involving public transportation data. 2. It describes how Professor Ito worked to promote open data standards for public transportation schedules in Japan, including establishing forums for discussion and organizing demonstrations. 3. It explains that open data helped transportation services recover more quickly from natural disasters by providing updated schedule and routing information to citizens when agencies had limited resources.

1. 社会の中で研究を進める中で考えていること
What I think about when I conduct research in the society
東京大学 大学院情報理工学系研究科
附属ソーシャルICT研究センター 准教授
伊藤昌毅 (Masaki Ito)
2021年度 第1回 GCL/IIW合宿
2021年6月13日
オンライン開催

2. 伊藤 昌毅 (Masaki Ito)
• 東京大学 大学院情報理工学系研究科
附属ソーシャルICT研究センター 准教授
Associate Professor, Social ICT Research Center,
• Graduate School of Information Science and Technology,
• The University of Tokyo
• Specialty
– Ubiquitous Computing
– Mobility & Traffic Informatics (交通情報学)
• 経歴
– 静岡県掛川市出身
– 2002 慶應義塾大学 環境情報学部卒
– 2009 博士（政策・メディア） 指導教員： 慶應義塾大学 徳田英幸教授
– 2008-2010 慶應義塾大学大学院 政策・メディア研究科 特別研究助教
– 2010-2013 鳥取大学 大学院工学研究科 助教
– 2013-2019 東京大学 生産技術研究所 助教
– 2019-2021 東京大学 生産技術研究所 特任講師
– 2021-現在 現職
• 資格
– 運行管理者（旅客）
2

3. 1. Just Do it Together
1. とにかく、一緒にやってみよう

4. • Collaborative work with a doctoral
student of from a different major
• I developed a monitoring system
Environmental Monitoring Project with
an IoT Sensor in Shinjyuku Gyoen

5. Observation Results
Urban area Promenade
Japanese Garden
Shinjuku Gate
Ookido Gate
Rest house
Urban area
Urban area
June 10, 2006
15
20
25
30
35
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20
25
30
35
15
20
25
30
35
15
20
25
30
35
15
20
25
30
35

6. • Ideally
– To be beneficial to both parties
– 双方にとってフロンティアに挑戦できること
– 双方にとって学術的なメリットがあること
• In reality, it is not easy.
How should collaboration among
researchers be?

7. Leading the
research project
• 指導教員「使われないように！」
• 自分「使われてなんぼ」
– Decided to be a developer of the tool
– Only a user can foster the technology
• Reality: Collaborator can do
nothing without me
Supervisor: “Don’t be Used”
Making a tool as a
programmer
Hierarchical
relationship
ORDER

8. • To work practically in the field, it is hard to add
experimental features.
• I developed the system as far as a usual researcher can
easily imagine.
• It was not easy to accept this situation.
新規性のない技術に挑戦する価値はあるのか？
Is it worth trying a technology that is not new?

9. • Generally, “focus on the single issue” is the key of the thesis
• I’m just trying
– Some reviewers rate it very highly, some do not rate it at all.
• プロセスや相手の分野での評価も含めて、新しい研究としての価値
を提示する必要がある
We need to present the value of this as a new research,
including the process and the acceptance in the other field.
それは論文になるのか？
Would that be a thesis?

10. • 情報技術の研究者としては…
As an IT researcher
– Performance, Functionality, Availability… より高速で、高機能で、高性能な技
術を求める
– Over-engineering: その結果、複雑であまり使われない技術を開発しがち
• 「評価してくれるところに行けばいい！」
Go to a place that appreciates me!
ひとつの価値観に留まらない
Do not adhere to one set of values

11. Fake collaboration happens on a PowerPoint
超ウルトラ次世代サイバーハイパーなんとかプロジェクト
A教授（宇宙物質工学）
革新的超高硬度金属製錬技術の研究
B教授（理論計算機工学）
超多次元ベクトル計算装置の開発
C教授（海洋生物工学）
生物的深海資源加速造成技術の研究
D教授（形而上生物学）
生命還元合成技術の開発
Looks like
something new is
happing.

12. 2. Society changes even if it looks old
and solid.
2. どんなに古くて強固でも、社会は変わる。

13. • Government
– Making a better public transportation network
• Industry
– Provide customers with public transportation schedules
– Develop a smartphone application to provide transit information
• Academia
– Analyzing the quality of public transportation services
Working with Public Transportation

14. Open Data Eco System
Download Open Data
Help Passnegers

15. Public Transportation Open Data
in US and Europe
SNCF in France
London NYC

16. • A data format for public transportation schedules and
geographic information of facilities.
• A de-fact standard used worldwide
• A single ZIP file containing multiple CSV files
GTFS (General Transit Feed Specification)
Stops and Routes Schedules Fee

17. No GTFS Open Data in 2014

18. Established a system to trade train
schedules commercially
• JR train schedule data are NOT open data.
Train Schedule
Aggregator and
Publisher

19. 2014- OpenTrans.it Project in Shizuoka Pref.
• Developed a web-based
system for route bus service
to help open data
– Target: small route bus operators
Input Schedules on a Web by the operator
Browse on the Web
Store the Data
ZIP
Download GTFS File
Member:
Yasuharu Oishi
Daigo Ikeda
Naoya Sugimoto
Masaki Ito

20. GTFS Open Data in 2015
Cities in Shizuoka Prefecture
Owning to the OpenTrans.it
project, minibus data in Shimada
and Yaizu cities were published.

21. Advertisement and recruiting
• It was the time to spread
the idea of “GTFS Open
Data”!
• Demonstrate our 1st trial
in Shizuoka:
– TV and newspaper
– Academic conferences of
mobility or IT
– Industrial symposium of
regional transportation
• Finding friends to share
the vision

22. Share the Slides
• Almost every slides to
introduce open data is
available online
• Good to catch the
person to search open
data related topics

23. Introduce examples in the world
Transit Open Data In London Transit Open Data In the USA
http://qiita.com/niyalist/items/90a26cec132fda04e4b9
http://qiita.com/niyalist/items/3a2ff6777955b5e1b7fe

24. Translated “The GTFS Story” into
Japanese
• “Pioneering Open Data
Standards: The GTFS Story”
( by Bibiana McHugh @
Trimet, Oregon) is a story
when she start first GTFS
Open Data project with an
Google Engineer
• The book containing the
article is a textbook of the
open government movement
published by a member of
Code for America.
http://qiita.com/niyalist/items/5eef5f9fef7fa1dc6644

25. Organized a Symposium
“Transportation Geomedia Summit” in
Feb. 2016
• Speakers:
– Government
Officer
– Route Planner
Developers
– Railway
Company
– Independent
engineer
– University
researcher

26. GTFS Lecture for Route Bus Operators
in Aomori
• Route Bus operators and City officers invited me to
Aomori Prefecture

27. • aa
Promotion of the usage of the data

28. GTFS Open Data in early 2017
Nomi City in Ishikawa Prefecture
Minibus data is published in
Jan.2017 on the official web.
Shingu Town in Fukuoka Pref.
Minibus and ferry data are
available since late 2016.
Yamanashi Prefecture
Major Route Bus
Operators(Yamanashi Kotsu
and Fuji Kyuko) opened their
data in Feb. 2017.
Uno Bus in Okayama Prefecture
GTFS and GTFS realtime are available since
2016.
Muroran City in Hokkaido
Official open data with an independent format
are converted to GTFS by the local engineer.
Cities in Shizuoka Prefecture
Owning to the OpenTrans.it
project, minibus data in Shimada
and Yaizu cities were published.

29. Bus Data Commission at the Ministry of Land,
Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism
• Japanese government arranged a
commission to discuss effective collection of
route bus schedules
– Dec. 2016 to March 2017
• Chair
– Masaki Ito The Univ. of Tokyo
• Route Planner Developer
– Yoshikuni Inoue (Jorudan)
– Koji Sakurai (Ekitan)
– Masahiro Shinohara (Navitime Japan)
– Naoki Yamamoto (Val Laboratory)
• Diagram Making App Developer
– Yuichi Ichikawa (Kozo Keikaku)
– Kotaro Tanga (Kobo)
• Others
– Hiroyuki Ito (Community)
– Haruo Endo (Nihon Bus Association)
– Masakiro Bessyo (Council of Open Data for Public
Transportation)

30. Discussion by the engineers of transportation
data in several route planner companies
• These engineers
usually don’t
communicate
because they are
competitor
• Had a long
discussion in
order to
standardize the
route bus data

31. • A casual community of people
involved in the GTFS data
making and maintenance
• Networking Transit agencies,
MLIT, local government etc.
• Member
– Researcher
– App developer
– System developer for bus agency
– Transit consultant
– Municipal office
– Route bus agency
GTFS-JP Promoting Team

32. 39
Nov. 2018：30
Feb. 2019：90 Jul. 2019：126
Jul. 2018：23
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
17年7月
17年10月
18年1月
18年4月
18年7月
18年10月
19年1月
19年4月
19年7月
19年10月
20年1月
20年4月
20年7月
20年10月
21年1月
事業者数

33. 364 bus agencies publish
Open GTFS Data
In June 2021

34. • GoogleはGTFS形式によるオープン
データを推奨
– ほぼ選り好みせずデータを掲載
– 検索の統計情報も公開
• 乗換案内に掲載されていない自治
体やバス事業者が利用促進のため
にデータ整備
• 訪日外国人が利用するのはGoogle
Maps
Google Maps

35. Digital Signage

36. • Aa
Citizen-made Applications
https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=work.momizi.unomap&hl=ja
https://sonohino-kibunshidai.org/aobus_now/
青バスなう！ UnoMap

37. Local Community
is working with
the data
富山県資料
Code for Saga

38. • 公共交通オープンデータ協議会（坂村健会長）
による取り組み
– 公共交通オープンデータセンター
• 都バスは、Google Mapsでバスロケを考慮し
た検索が可能に
2020: Toei-Bus, Yokohama Municipal
Bus opened their static/realtime data
2019年3月

39. 46
I started out small.
A number of friends
sympathized and helped us.
The government worked
with us.
A real digital transformation
is happening.
Process
最初は小さく始めた
何人もの仲間が共感して協
力してくれた
政府も一緒に動いた
本物のデジタルトランスフォー
メーションが起こりつつある

40. Understanding Rock-paper-scissors
relationship in the Society
Government
Industry Academia
許認可
監督・指導
審議会・
委員会
共同研究・実用化
Government needs an authority
for their policies.
A researcher needs a sponsor.
Government has the right to
make the rules for business.

41. 3. 肝心なときに何も出来ない人間には
なりたくない
3. I don't want to be someone who
can't do anything when the time
comes.

42. • x
Great East Japan earthquake (3.11)
https://www.jiji.com/jc/d4?p=lat216&d=d4_quake

43. • Civic Tech
– Engineers should be involved in the government
Seki-san started “Code for Japan”
https://persol-tech-s.co.jp/i-engineer/human/code4japan

44. Providing public transit information
for recovery from the flood in Hiroshima

45. • a
2018 Japan Floods
(July, 224 people died)
Source: https://www.pref.hiroshima.lg.jp/uploaded/attachment/322119.pdf

46. • aa
aa
Source: https://www.pref.hiroshima.lg.jp/uploaded/attachment/322119.pdf

47. 11, July, 2018
https://roote.ekispert.net/ja/traininfo_map
Damage to the Railway

48. • ああ
Station Gate was Closed (Kure Station)
Sept. 31, 20182018

49. Bus runs along with the damaged routes

50. Train Route Planners
Result at 5 Aug 2018
Apple

51. Centralized Approach in Normal Situation
Schedule Data

52. Centralized Approach doesn’t work in
Disaster and Recovering
• Schedules of transportation changes frequently
• Operators are too busy to report
• Unusual setting of routes, stops
• Power and communication supply are unstable

53. Eki-spart
with a link
Web portal of
Hiroshima Pref.
Link to JR Schedules
Link to Hiroden
Bus
Realtime
Vehicle Position

54. ダイヤや運行情報以上の情報提供の工夫
• 所要時間実績 • 簡易バスロケによる位置情報

55. • Prof. A. Fujiwara (Hiroshima University)
• 災害時公共交通情報提供研究会
– 広島大学 大学院国際協力研究科 教授 藤原 章正
– 呉工業高等専門学校 教授 神田 佑亮
– 東京大学 生産技術研究所 助教 伊藤 昌毅
– 公益社団法人 広島県バス協会
– 株式会社 ヴァル研究所
– 株式会社 トラフィックブレイン
– 西日本旅客鉄道株式会社 広島支社
– 株式会社 バイタルリード
– 広島電鉄 株式会社
– 株式会社 ファイコム
– 広島県
– 呉市
Thanks to Many Institutions and Researchers
http://www.bus-kyo.or.jp/saigai201807/information

56. • Tokyo Earthquakes （東京大震災・首都直下地震） would
happen before I die
• There is a major disaster almost every year
Preparing for the next catastrophe

57. • Many research field have connections with mobility
• 伊藤昌毅 (Masaki Ito)
• ito.masaki@sict.i.u-tokyo.ac.jp
Let’s work together if you are
interested in the mobility

58. 1. Just Do it Together.
2. Society changes even if it looks old and solid.
3. I don't want to be someone who can't do anything when
the time comes.
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