Dr Nirmal Kumar Swain, conducted a workshop on the theme 'role f ethics in quality research' on the prescribed four areas, ' Importance of literature review 2 Citation and Impact Factor 3 Consequences of plagiarism 4 Publishing successfully in reputed journals and reasons of rejection of paper in journal .

1. Interdisciplinary
National Workshop
Role of Ethics
In
Quality Research
January 30, 2017
Session I: 11.30 am
Organized by
RKSD(PG) College, Kaithal, Haryana, India

2. Dr. Nirmal Kumar Swain
Associate Professor
Dept of Lib. & Inf. Science
Maharshi Dayanand University
Rohtak – 124001, Haryana, India
Ph: 01262-393017 (O)
M: 9416516771
E-Mail: drnkswain@gmail.com

3.  Importance of Literature Review
 Citation and Impact Factor
 Plagiarism
Publishing successfully in reputed journals and
reasons of rejection of paper

4. Importance of Literature Review
 Myth and Reality
 What is Literature Review
 Why Literature Review
 How to write a Literature Review

5. Myth
Students and for many of us the general
perception about ‘literature review’ is that
it is very much required for any kind of
research work especially while doing a
doctoral thesis, but myth surrounds for its
negligible importance and further inspire
not to spare good time and effort for this
aspect of research. Ultimately students are
unhesitant for copy and paste indulgence.

6. Reality
Literature review, rather helps the
researchers to know, collect, analyze
what are those literature and
publications exist related to their own
topics of interest. This not only
provide the areas related but also the
researchers find the guidance to
strengthen their weakness and build
up the potency, which is the creativity
of every individual researcher.

7. What is Literature Review
literature review is a survey and often critical
evaluation of scholarly communications,
articles, books, book reviews, dissertations,
conference proceedings and other sources
available in different formats relevant to a
particular issue, topic , area of research,
theory, methodology, summary and findings.
The primary purpose is to offer overall
information regarding significant literature
published on the topic of your interest.

8. Why Literature Review
While beginning your research any researcher
needs to know what are the works have
already been conducted or exist
This shows whether any research can be
conducted or not
The existing work can be reviewed in its
proper context in terms of research question,
methodology, data availability , analysis and
interpretation
Helps in avoiding duplicacy , saves manpower
money and time
Point the way forward for further research

9. How to write Literature Review
No specific technique rather based on trend :
discipline specific, country specific, university
specific or as per the guidelines, guided by the
research supervisor or yourself based a logic and
uniformity.
the Indian trend is by ascending or descending
order after categorizing the topics into
subtopics.
by grouping authors on similar conclusions

10. Continuing…
highlight the methods used, note areas in
which authors are in agreement and
disagreement
highlight exemplary studies and gaps in
research
show how your study relates to previous
studies that means you are in right track
conclude by summarizing what the
literature says

11. How long the Literature
Review
Often wonder how long should be the
Literature Review in a PhD thesis. Should
this be in a separate chapter or part of
‘Introduction’ chapter?
As such there no fixed criteria, it depends
upon the theme you are taking up. Most
cases in Indian PhD, it is a separate
chapter. Sometimes it part of introductory
chapter also. It works as a filler to make
the thesis bulk.

12. Continuing …
How old and new literature to be included.
Again without believing any fixed criterion,
one must include at least last 10 years of
publication to maintain the recency as an
idea or discourse is not obsolete in ten years
period. One is free to even include twenty to
fourty years old literature, if it is conceptual
or theme based. And pioneer works will not
be dared to discard. To maintain the
discussion thread it is insisted to include old
works.

13. Citation and
Impact Factor
 Citation is to cite or acknowledge
writings of others in your own writing,
may be from a book, research paper,
thesis or any academic writings.
 At two points a researcher need to be
careful.
 One is at inside the text/body which is
called ‘in-text’ citation and another is at
the end the ‘text’ in the form of source
details of the hint provided at ‘in-text’.
The source details are written under the
heading ‘references’, ‘works cited’,
‘notes’ etc.

14. Continuing …
 The process of citation is to be uniform
through out the work hence need a rule.
These rules are called ‘style’, and there
are many rules called ‘style manuals’.
 There could be many style manuals,
APA, MALA, Chicago Manuals, Harvard
Styles, in social sciences , preference in
choosing depends upon your choice, in
terms of the disciplines, suggested by
the supervisor and demand of the
publication platform . One even can
create his/her uniform rule or style
manual. If restrictions are not there.

15. Impact Factor
 Impact factor is relatively a new
concept and newer to Indian
phenomena and further newer to the
non-science academic environment of
India. When many people stated
writing, whose writing is good and
better is considered, then question of
how much ‘impact’ , a publication has
in the academic or society is evolved.

16. Factor…
Hence the concept of ‘factor(s)’ influence
the impact became popular. The
immediate answer is when many people
read , not only read but take use of a
particular literature in terms of ‘citing’ is
at the forefront, which is the first instance
of recording of your using a literature. So
in common parlance ‘more number of
citations’ became the criteria, though
some intricacies are involved in it, still it
is the fundamental approach for a good
piece of literature. Self-citation is one of
them.

17. Continuing …
The impact factor is measured through
the frequency in which the ‘average
article’ in a journal is cited in a
particular ‘year’. Impact factors
measure the impact of a ‘journal’, not
the impact of individual articles. For
the measuring the help of indexing
and abstracting journals and tools are
needed.

18. Continuing …
Citation analysis in involved in counting
‘number of times’ an ‘article’ is cited by
other works if we want to measure or
‘how good’ or ‘how bad’, the impact of a
publication or author. The irony is
however, there is no single citation
analysis tool that collects all publications
and their cited references. In that case
impact of an author or a publication, one
needs to look in multiple databases for a
clear picture.

19. Consequences of Plagiarism
Consequence comes later the
plagiarism case happened. Plagiarism
believes in write of your own, means,
own language, if wish to borrow
something from other’s writing, then
duly acknowledge the author of the
borrowed materials. Acknowledging
must be through the process of certain
acceptable techniques, this saves
from plagiarism though intricacies are
still involved.

20. Continuing …
In the consequence your thesis will be
rejected and case of academic fraud
will registered and cases will be tried
as the rules of that country. Along with
rejection of thesis , debar from the
research works from that university
and state may happen in that case.

21. Publishing successfully
Find journals in your field.
Journal Citation Report (JCR) list journals by
category and you can examine their impact
factor within that field
SCIMago Journal and Country Rank lists
journals by category and you can examine
their rank within that field
Ulrich’s Periodicals Directory provides
information on this of a journal, publisher
information, open access status, and what
databases index the journal.

22. Continuing …
Use the following criteria to help select
reputable scholarly journals
Examine the Journal Impact Factor, Journal
Citation Reports, SciMago
Be cautious of solicitations through email
Evaluate through the Journal Website
What ethical commitments has the journal
made?

23. Continuing …
If it is an open access journal, is the journal a
member of the Open Access Scholarly
Publishers Association OR adhere to its Code
of Conduct
Consult Ulrich’s Periodical Directory which can
provide information about the history of a
journal, publisher information, open access
status, and what databases index the journal. A
refereed journal will have a "refereed" icon next
to the title.
Talk to your colleagues - ask if the feedback
provided by the journal and its reviewers.

24. Continuing . . .
Seek out the acceptance rate of the journal
Ethics in Publishing

25. Evaluating Journal Quality
Principles of Transparency
Peer review process: All of a journal’s content,
apart from any editorial material that is clearly
marked as such, shall be subjected to peer
review. Peer review is defined as obtaining
advice on individual manuscripts from
reviewers expert in the field who are not part of
the journal’s editorial staff.
Governing Body: Journals shall have editorial
boards or other governing bodies whose
members are recognized experts in the subject
areas included within the journal’s scope.

26. Continuing . . .
Editorial team Journals shall provide
the full names and affiliations of the
journal’s editors on the journal’s Web site
as well as contact information for the
editorial office.

27. Continuing . . .
Publishing schedule: The periodicity
at which a journal publishes shall be
clearly indicated.
Archiving: A journal’s plan for
electronic backup and preservation of
access to the journal content

28. Thank you
See you sometime at some place.
Bye for now