This document describes a human presence detection system using a PIR sensor to control room lighting. The system aims to automatically turn lights on when a person enters a room and turn them off when the room is empty. It uses a PIR sensor to detect movement and a microcontroller to process the sensor readings and control a relay that switches the lights. The microcontroller is programmed using C language. The system is intended to automatically control room lighting without manual operation, saving energy when the space is unoccupied.
Human presence detection based room light controller using pir2.pptx [repaired]
1. Human Presence Detection Based Room Light Controller
Using PIR SENSOR
Guided by SUBMITTED BY
RAVI PRAKASH VERMA Nikhil Singhia
(ASSISTANT PROFESSOR) Ravindra Pathak
Rishabh Bajpai
14/04/2016
3. OBJECTIVE
This project will deal with a system which will provide a
Automatic room appliances controlling system
If any person will enter in the room then this system will
detect his entry and automatically turn on the lights and fans
One more feature is that, this system will not turn on the light
in day time it will on the light only in night time or when there
will be not enough light in the room
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4. WORKING
PIR sensor will be first installed on the roof of the room
PIR sensor will detect the reflected rays from surrounding
material
If there will be any change in transmitted rays then PIR sensor
will detect this change and give signal to microcontroller
Microcontroller will activate the relay and relay will turn ON
the room appliance
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5. MAIN FEATURES
PIR based sensing
Temperature based sensing
Auto Light controlling
Auto Fan controlling
Microcontroller ATmega16
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7. SOFTWARE USED
All the software developed for this project will be loaded into
the memory of the ATmega16 microcontroller
The language must be supported by the ATmega16 compiler
The ATmega16 compiler supports C and Assembly
Reasons for Selection C Programming Language
Vast amount of online resources
Ease of development
Team members have experience of coding in C
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8. MICROCONTROLLER
The ATmega16 is a low-power CMOS 8-bit
microcontroller based on the AVR enhanced RISC
architecture. By executing powerful instructions in a
single clock cycle
The ATmega16 achieves throughput approaching 1
MIPS per MHz allowing the system designer to
optimize power consumption versus processing
speed
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10. PIR SENSOR
Operating principle:
• All objects with a temperature above absolute
zero emit heat energy in the form of radiation.
• Usually this radiation is invisible to the human eye because it
radiates at infrared wavelengths, but it can be detected by
electronic devices designed for such a purpose.
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11. • The term passive in this instance refers to the fact that PIR
devices do not generate or radiate any energy for detection
purposes.
• They work entirely by detecting the energy given off by
other objects. PIR sensors don't detect or measure "heat";
instead they detect the infrared radiation emitted or
reflected from an object.
PIR SENSOR
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12. RELAY
A relay is an electrically operated switch
Many relays use an electromagnet to mechanically operate a switch,
but other operating principles are also used, such as solid-state relay
Relays with calibrated operating characteristics and sometimes
multiple operating coils are used to protect electrical circuits from
overload or faults; in modern electric power systems these functions
are performed by digital instruments still called "protective relays"
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Distribution Of Work into 6 Module:
• Module1: Selection and Purchasing of components
• Module2: Prototype PCB designing
• Module3: Mounting of components on PCB
• Module4: Hardware Testing and Final PCB designing
• Module5: Firmware coding
• Module6: Testing of Complete System
15. APPLICATION
To “Turn ON” or “OFF” all outdoor Lights
For Basement or Covered Parking Area
Shopping Lift Lobby
Multi Apartment Complexes
Common staircases
Malls
For garden lights
In security systems
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