2. St. Michael the Archangel, Ivory Panel, Constantinople, 6 th Century CE Could be another angel or an emperor receiving this orb. Diptych = Di (Two) Ptukhe (Fold)

3. St. Michael the Archangel, Ivory Panel, Constantinople, 6 th Century CE Ara Pacis, Procession (Detail), Rome, 13 BCE.

4. St. Michael the Archangel, Ivory Panel, Constantinople, 6 th Century CE Nike Adjusting her Sandal, Temple to Athena Nike, Acropolis, Athens, 440 BCE. Wing

5. Christianity after Theodosius 395 CE Theodosius divides the Roman Empire into Eastern and Western regions. *The successors of Theodosius I continued to strengthen Christianity as a powerful force in both the East and the West. Byzantine Empire Theodosius I (379-395)

6. The Fall of the Western Empire *By 476, all of Italy was under the control of the Ostrogoths. Byzantine Empire 395 CE Theodosius divides the Roman Empire into Eastern and Western regions. 410 418 402 476

7. The Conquest of the West Byzantine Empire “ An able Goth wants to be like a Roman; only a poor Roman would want to be like a Goth.” – Theodoric, King of the Visigoths

8. Constantinople Haled as “New Rome.” Originally consecrated by Constantine in 330.

9. The Tumultuous Rise of Justinian In 532 CE, just five years after Justinian came into power, the Nika Revolt threatened the stability of his reign. Justinian (527-565)

10. Anthemius of Tralles and Isidorus of Miletus, Church of Hagia Sophia, Constantinople (Istanbul), 532-537.

11. Anthemius of Tralles and Isidorus of Miletus, Church of Hagia Sophia, Constantinople (Istanbul), 532-537.

12. Anthemius of Tralles and Isidorus of Miletus, Church of Hagia Sophia, Constantinople (Istanbul), 532-537.

13. Anthemius of Tralles and Isidorus of Miletus. Church of Hagia Sophia. Constantinople (Istanbul). 532-537. Anthemius of Tralles and Isidorus of Miletus. Interior of Hagia Sophia. Constantinople (Istanbul). 532-537. Aerial view of the Pantheon, Rome, c.118-125 CE. Interior of the Pantheon. Rome, c.118-125 CE.

14. Anthemius of Tralles and Isidorus of Miletus, Interior of Church of Hagia Sophia, Constantinople (Istanbul). 532-537. Ribs Pendentive Pendentive Pendentive

16. Anthemius of Tralles and Isidorus of Miletus, Interior of Hagia Sophia, Constantinople (Istanbul), 532-537. Interior of the Pantheon. Rome, c.118-125 CE.

17. Anthemius of Tralles and Isidorus of Miletus. Plan of Hagia Sophia. Constantinople (Istanbul). 532-537. (Stokstad 7-18)

18. Apse. Anthemius of Tralles and Isidorus of Miletus. Interior of Hagia Sophia. Constantinople (Istanbul). 532-537. ( alternate view of Stokstad 7-19)

19. Virgin and Child enthroned, Apse mosaic, Hagia Sophi, Constantinople (Istanbul), Dedicated 867.

20. Justinian and the Byzantine Empire “ We believe that the first and greatest blessing for all mankind is the confession of the Christian faith…to the end that it may be universally established…we have deemed it our sacred duty to admonish any offenders.” Justinian (527-565)

21. Justinian as the Defender of the Faith(Barbarini Ivory), mid-sixth century CE. Justinian as Victor

22. Justinian as defender of the faith, (Barbarini Ivory), mid-sixth century CE. Equestrian Statue of Marcus Aurelius, Rome, 161-180 CE.

23. Equestrian Statue of Carolingian King (probably Charles the Bald), 9 th century CE. Justinian as defender of the faith, (Barbarini Ivory), mid-sixth century CE.

24. Justinian as the Defender of the Faith(Barbarini Ivory), mid-sixth century CE. Conquered Heathens and Barbarians giving Tribute.

25. Justinian as the Defender of the Faith(Barbarini Ivory), mid-sixth century CE. Military officer presenting a trophy to Justinian.

26. Justinian as the Defender of the Faith(Barbarini Ivory), mid-sixth century CE. Christ Blessing Justinian

27. Justinian and the Byzantine Empire By 554, Justinian had reclaimed lands previously held by the barbarian tribes. Justinian (527-565)

28. San Vitale

29. Aerial view of San Vitale, Ravenna, Italy , c.520-547

30. Aerial view of San Vitale, Ravenna, Italy, c. 520-547

31. Aerial view of San Vitale, Ravenna, Italy, c.520-547. Plan of San Vitale, Ravenna, Italy, c.520-547. Central Domed Area Narthex Apse

32. Interior of San Vitale, as seen from apse. c.520-547. Ravenna, Italy. Plan

33. Interior of San Vitale, as seen towards apse. Ravenna, Italy.c.520-547.

34. Apse of San Vitale, Ravenna, Italy, c. 520-547 . Plan

35. Apse of San Vitale, Ravenna, Italy, c. 520-547. Plan

36. Christ with angels, Saint Vitalis, and Bishop Ecclesius, Apse of San Vitale, Mosaic Ravenna, Italy, c.546-548. Bishop Ecclesius presenting San Vitale to Christ

37. Christ with angels, Saint Vitalis, and Bishop Ecclesius, Apse of San Vitale, Mosaic Ravenna, Italy, c.546-548. Saint Vitalis presented with the crown of martyrdom

38. Christ with angels, Saint Vitalis, and Bishop Ecclesius, Apse of San Vitale, Mosaic Ravenna, Italy, c.546-548. Paradise had four rivers, which are depicted beneath Christ.

39. Christ with angels, Saint Vitalis, and Bishop Ecclesius, Apse of San Vitale, Mosaic Ravenna, Italy, c.546-548.

40. Emperor Justinian and his Attendants. North wall of apse. c.546-548. Empress Theodora and her Attendants. Mosaic. South Wall of Apse, c.546-548. *The mosaics are located where the Eucharist would have been prepared and given.

41. Empress Theodora and her Attendants, South wall of apse, Mosaic, c. 546-548.

42. Emperor Justinian and his Attendants, North wall of apse. Mosaic, c.546-548. Chi-Rho

43. Emperor Justinian and his Attendants, North wall of apse. Mosaic, c.546-548.