2. ““we are not all the same, we do notwe are not all the same, we do not
all have the same kinds of minds,all have the same kinds of minds,
and education works most effectivelyand education works most effectively
for most individuals if…humanfor most individuals if…human
differences are taken seriously”differences are taken seriously”
(Gardner, 1995, p. 208)(Gardner, 1995, p. 208)
3. Multiple IntelligencesMultiple Intelligences
Based on Gardner’s theory (1983)
Based on notion that intelligence, based on
IQ testing, is far too limited.
Proposes eight different intelligences to
account for a broader range of human
potential.
Theory suggests multiple ways the content
may be taught to facilitate learning.
4. Eight Ways of Knowing!Eight Ways of Knowing!
Multiple Intelligences AppliedMultiple Intelligences Applied
5. Logical-Mathematical
Intelligence
("number smart" or "logic smart")
Tend to think more conceptually
and abstractly and often see
patterns and relationships that
others miss.
Like to conduct experiments, to
solve puzzles and other problems
Enjoy working with numbers and
math formulas
Love the challenge of a complex
problem to solve
Uses numbers, math, and
logic to find and
understand various
patterns
Begin with concrete
patterns in the real world,
but gets increasingly
abstract as try to
understand the
relationships among
patterns
6. Visual-Spatial
Intelligences
("art smart" or "picture smart")
Represents the knowing that
occurs through shapes,
images, patterns, and
designs we see
Also includes the images we
are able to conjure in our
heads
Tend to think in images and
pictures
Very aware of objects, shapes,
colors, and patterns
Like to draw, paint, and make
interesting designs and
patterns
Love to work jigsaw puzzles,
read maps, and find their way
around new places
7. Bodily-Kinesthetic
Intelligence
("body smart" or "movement smart")
Learning by doing
Knowing happens
through physical
movement and through
the knowing of our
physical body
Tend to have a keen sense
of body awareness
Like physical movement,
making things with hands,
role playing
Like physical games
Like to demonstrate how to
do something
Find it difficult to sit still for
long periods of time
8. Musical-Rhythmic
Intelligence
("music smart" or "sound smart")
Knowing that
happens through
sound and vibration
Deals with the whole
realm of sound,
tones, beats, and
vibrational patterns
Very sensitive to sounds
in the environment
Study and work better
with music in the
background
Skilled at mimicking
sounds, language
accents, and speech
patterns
9. Naturalist
Intelligence
("nature smart" or
"environment smart")
Knowing what occurs in and
through our encounters with
the natural world
Involves species discernment,
communion with the natural
world, and ability to recognize
and classify various fauna
Have a profound love for the
outdoors, animals, and plants
Fascinated by and noticeably
affected by weather, changing
leaves, sound of the wind, warm
sun, or an insect in the room
Have an affinity with respect for
all living beings
10. Interpersonal
Intelligence
("people smart" or "group smart")
The person-to-person
way of knowing
Knowing what
happens when we
work with and relate to
people
Develops a whole
range of social skills
Learn through
personal interactions
Have lots of friends
Love team activities
“Pull your own weight”
Sensitive to people’s
feelings and ideas
11. Intrapersonal
Intelligence
("self smart" or
"introspection smart")
Self-reflective abilities
Introspective intelligence
Want to know the
meaning, purpose, and
significance of things
Involves awareness of
the inner world
Like to work alone
Self-reflective and self-
aware
In tune with inner feelings
Bear creative wisdom
Strong willed, self-
confident, and have well-
thought out opinions on
almost any issue
12. Verbal-Linguistic
Intelligence
("word smart" or "book smart")
Knowing that which
comes through the
language
Understands the order
and meaning of words
Have highly developed skills for
reading, speaking, and writing
Like various kinds of literature,
playing word games, debating,
and creative writing
Love learning new words
Comprehension of anything
read is high
