3. SOCIOGRAMS
“graphic representation of social
links that a person has”
It is used to analyze the choices or
preferences each student makes
within a group
4. A sociogram is a teacher-made
device that determines how a
student is viewed by his/her
peers as he/she interacts with
classmates.
SOCIOGRAMS
5. It is constructed after
each student responds to
a question that tries to
probe the social affiliation
with other students (or
classmates)
SOCIOGRAMS
6. The result of the
sociometric test are
tabulated to determine how
many times each student is
selected and by whom
SOCIOGRAMS
7. Categories of students in a class
Star
A student who is
chosen by the most
number of his
classmates
8. Isolate
A student who is not
chosen by any of his
classmates
Categories of students in a class
11. Clique
Group of three or more
students within a class
who all choose each
other
Categories of students in a class
12. How to Devise a Sociogram
1. Devise a question that is simple and
easy-to-understand
e.g. “If you were having a birthday
party, which of your three classmates
would you invite?”
13. How to Devise a Sociogram
2. Ask students to write their answers
to the question.
(clearly state any limitations on choices
to be made)
e.g. number of choices, classmates only
14. How to Devise a Sociogram
3. Tally the number of times each
student is chosen.
15. How to Devise a Sociogram
4. Make a diagram consisting of several
circles.
(Each circle contains a student’s name.
indicate by an arrow the student who
chose another classmate.)
16. How to Devise a Sociogram
5. Assess the diagram to determine who
among the students is the most popular
and the most unpopular.
24. 2. Sociograms do not necessarily
reflect true social acceptance or
integration in case of mutual
choices and cliques
Limitations of
Sociograms
25. 3. Sociograms do not actually
reflect isolates as rejected by his
classmates. Isolates may be pupils
who are new or shy in class
Limitations of
Sociograms
26. 4. Sociograms may indicate
popularity or isolation based on
the kind of questions asked. If the
situations were to be changed, the
choices may be quite different.
Limitations of
Sociograms
27. To make the sociograms more valid and
reliable, they should be used at the start
and end of the academic year or perhaps
administer a sociometric test at the middle
of the school year with different set of
questions asked under different situations.
29. Values are defined as an
individual’s belief about ideal
conduct in the pursuit of truth,
wisdom, and beauty.
30. Values are usually learned and are
upheld important by groups of people.
Marriage is upheld by society as a
sacred ceremony and anyone who
refuses to accept it as such is
considered a social deviant.
31. Values must first be chosen willingly
from a set of alternatives. Then, they
should be cherished by a person. Lastly,
they must be acted upon repeatedly by
the individual.
32. The clarification process involves the
following steps:
C- choose willingly from alternatives
P- prize a value
A- act on that value repeatedly
33. Value Clusters
Self – discipline
Cleanliness, orderliness, fitness,
health, ecological harmony, orderly
conduct and self-control
45. In measuring a particular value that is
internalized in a student, the specific
indicators should be spelled out and the
options may be listed as follows:
Always, Often, Sometimes, Seldom, and
Never
46. Example of a rating scale measuring
patriotism
Indicator Always
5
Often
4
Sometimes
3
Seldom
2
Never
1
I buy Filipino-made products
I sing “Lupang Hinirang”.
I tell others to visit the beautiful
places in the country.
I tell others to admire stories
about our national heroes.
I read books about our national
heroes.
