Multi Disasters and Urban resilience in Covid 19

1. Multi Disasters and
Urban resilience in
Covid 19
Dr. Neha Bansal
Professor
School of Architecture and Interior Design, SRMIST
nehabansal02@gmail.com
+91-7669038518

2. Urban Areas can manage crisis better
2

3. WHAT MAKES CITIES/ URBAN AREAS
VULNERABLE
3
RAPID GROWTH AND INADEQUATE PLANNING, LOW
LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT, FRAGILE
INFRASTRUCTURE
GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION, THE POOR
BUILDING FABRIC OF HOUSING
INCREASE IN NATURAL EVENTS DUE TO
CLIMATE, AND THE ABSENCE OF WARNING
SYSTEMS
POOR LEVEL OF POLITICAL AND SOCIAL
ORGANIZATION
NO AWARENESS OF THE DISASTER THREAT & ITS
IMPACT

4. Rise in multi
disasters
4

5. Multi hazards & Multi Disasters
5

6. What are Multi Hazard Risks
6
According to UNDRR, the multi-hazard concept
refers to “(1) the selection of multiple major hazards
that the country faces, and (2) the specific contexts
where hazardous events may occur
simultaneously, cascadingly or cumulatively over
time, and taking into account the potential
interrelated effects.”
These definitions of multi-hazard represent two major
categories in which multi-hazard approaches can be
classified: (i) independent multi-hazards
approaches, where single hazards are just
overlayed and treated as independent
phenomena, and (ii) approaches that consider
multiple hazards and their potential interactions.
Independent
multi
disasters
Cascading/
dependent
Disasters
Disasters

7. Multi hazard RISK MANAGEMENT
7
Identifying &

8. “ ➝Disasters cause
greater damage in
urban areas
➝Why
➝Understanding
relationship with
disaster risk and
urban risk
8

9. Disaster risk compounds with high Urban risk
9
Disaster
risk
Urban
risk

10. CAPITAL RISKS
ENVIRONMENTAL RISKS
SOCIAL/ CULTURAL RISKS
ECONOMIC RISKS
INSTITUTIONAL AND POLICY
RISKS
Source: Earthquakes and Megacities Initiative, Cross-Cutting Capacity Development Series, Fifth Metro Manila Field Trip Proceedings, Mainstreaming Disaster Risk Reduction
Through Land Use Planning and Enhancing Management Practices
10
URBAN RISKS due to disasters

11. What happens when Multi Disasters strike
vulnerable urban systems
11

12. Multi Disaster
Management
12

13. Our present
state

14. A more resilient and safe city
Urba
n
Risks
Urban Risk Management
Econo
mic
Social
Physi
cal
Existing /
new
It is just not the Disasters to be
managed but the aggravating
factors are to be identified and
managed
These magnify the impact of
disasters manifolds in urban
areas make the impact larger
Urban Risk Management is
beyond conventional Disaster
Management
“The concept of urban risk management is based on identifying and analysing the urban
risks and their aggravating factors !” (CCCD Series)
SHIFT OF FOCUS

15. 15
ITC, Multi Hazard
Risk assessment
Model
https://www.itc.nl/
education/studyfin
der/multi-hazard-
risk-assessment/

16. Multiple natural hazards risk
assessment. Chile, Peru &
Mozambique (EMSN037)
16

17. Urban Resilience
17

18. 18
Understanding Resilience
Urban resilience is the capacity of a
city’s systems, businesses, institutions,
communities, and individuals to survive,
adapt, and grow, no matter what chronic
stresses and acute shocks they
experience.
By strengthening its underlying fabric and
deepening its understanding of the risks
that threaten its stability, a city can improve
its overall trajectory and the well-being of its
citizens, prosper in the face of challenges
both expected and as yet unimagined.
Urban systems of most of the Indian cities

19. 19
Understanding Risk and Vulnerability
in Multi Disaster / Single Disaster

20. Coping capacity – Resilience
20
Vulnerability
and risk
Coping
capacity and
resilience

21. 21
Building and measuring Resilience
Concept of resilience- The report on the OECD
Resilient Cities project report
The four themes interrelated in the Urban Resilience
Research. Source: Urban Resilience framework from
Resilience Alliance Project prospectus 2007.

22. 22
Building Resilience Characteristics
Report : Building Urban
Resilience: An Evaluation of the
World Bank Group’s Evolving
Experience (2007-2017)

23. COVID 19
impact on cities
23

24. COVID 19 strained the
already strained urban
systems..1
24

25. COVID 19 strained the
already strained urban
systems..2
25

26. 26
COVID 19 strained the already strained urban systems..3

27. Compounded
impact of Disasters
in COVID 19
27

28. Covid 19 and crippled urban resilience scenarios
28
COVID-19 impact: It's time to reimagine work culture and transform cities

29. 29
Climate-attributable risks are likely to intersect with the COVID-19 crisis all around the world, with many already causing
disruptions or likely to do so over the next 12 to 18 months.

30. Covid 19- Pandemic struck harder
cities with multiple disasters
30
One thing is clear: the
way that the COVID-19
crisis is handled now
strongly influences the
potential impacts of any
natural disasters.
The dual risks of
natural hazards and
COVID-19 : University
of Melbourne

31. Disasters and CoVID
31
From bushfires to pandemics
In January this year, as
devastating bushfires drove
thousands of Australians to
evacuate their homes, China
imposed a lockdown in Hubei
province to mitigate the outbreak
of a novel coronavirus disease
we now know as COVID-19

32. Disasters and Covid 19-Zagreb city
32
There was an apparent increase in the rate of infections in the days following the
earthquake in Zagreb.

33. Dual impact of Disasters- Vanuatu country
Island
33

34. Pandemics and Disasters combined
impacts
34
https://pursuit.unimelb.edu.a
u/articles/the-dual-risks-of-
natural-disasters-and-covid-
19
University of
Melbourne report:
The dual risks of
natural disasters
and COVID-19

35. Building
increased urban
resilience
35

36. 36

37. 37
Initiatives to increase and build resilience

38. Post Covid urban resilience
approaches
38
Dr Michelle Ann Miller is speaking at LSE Southeast Asia Week 2020

39. Covid 19 affects resilience, disaster preparedness
and recovery of other Disasters
39
Disasters in India have essentially stemmed
from natural hazards such as cyclones or
floods as the country is situated centrally in
the Indian Ocean region-often referred to as
the ‘World Hazard Belt’. Now at the
outbreak of the novel Corona Virus Disease
(COVID 19) across the globe, it is for the
first time that a pandemic has been
recognised as a ‘notified disaster’ in the
country by the Ministry of Home Affairs,
Government of India. Subsequently the
Disaster Management (DM) Act has also
been invoked for the first time in India to
effectively manage this crisis.

40. Urban resilience and sustainability crippled due to
Covid in all aspects of disaster management
40
Crippled health infrastructure,
strained economy, increased
poverty, eroded development
and GDP, increased risk of
disasters
COVID 19 spread,
safety protocalls

41. Multi -sectoral approach is needed for increasing
urban resilience
41
Strengthening disaster management strategies
through multi-stakeholder partnerships
Developing innovative tools and approaches for
disaster preparedness and response
Long term adaptive and transformative coping
capacities

42. Disaster resilience approach post Covid- The APRU Multi-Hazards
program
42
A dialoge

43. A Novel Multi-Risk Assessment Web-Tool for Evaluating Future
Impacts of Global Change in Mountainous Areas
43

44. Rethinking Urban Resilience in a Post-Covid-19
Mediterranean
44

45. Redefining Urban Resilience
45
Change in Environmental policy
A networked place making movement
Regional priority
Urban based climate change resilience
Public education
Asians green recovery plan
Changes in Environmental impact
assessment
Resilient infrastructure
Long term adaptability

46. Small initiatives can bring big impact!!
46
Thank you