2. TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction
Working Of Hybrid Vehicle
Regenerative Braking
History
Present
Pros & Cons Of Hybrid Vehicles
Scope
3. Introduction.
HYBRID means combination of two.
VIZ. I.C. Engine and Electric Motor.
Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEV’s)
Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEV’s)
5. Regenerative Braking
A regenerative brake is an energy
recovery mechanism
Converts Kinetic energy into Electrical form.
While braking, it absorbs 80% of kinetic energy.
6. History
1st hybrid car was made by Porsche in 1898.
A 3.5 horsepower in which the small gasoline engine
was mated to an electric motor in 1900.
In 1916, Woods claimed that their hybrid reached a
top speed of 35 mph and achieved fuel efficiency of 48
mpg.
Dr. Baruch Berman, Dr. George H. Gelb and Dr. Neal
A. Richardson developed, demonstrated and patented
the Hybrid Power train.
In 1976, General Electric was chosen to construct a
parallel-hybrid sedan, and Toyota built its first hybrid.
7. Present
A number of cars are launched after year 2000 listed as
follows:
Toyota Prius (4 Door Sedan).
Honda civic hybrid.
Ford hybrid escape (1st hybrid SUV).
Many of major automakers like Toyota, Lexus,
Porsche, Mercedes, Honda etc are launching hybrid
models in the market.
8. Pros Of Hybrid Systems
Lowered environmental impact.
Less noise pollution.
Increased Efficiency.
Durable & Reliable.
Less Maintenance.
9. Cons Of Hybrid Systems
Costly.
Heavy weight of batteries.
Availability of charging stations.
10. Scope
Regenerative braking actually makes city driving more
economical than on the highway.
Fuel efficiency is greatly increased (twice).
Emissions are greatly decreased.
Dependency on fossils fuels can be decreased.
Hybrids can be run on alternative fuels as well.
Concern for environment is increasing among people.