This document discusses different types of electrochemical cells. An electrochemical cell converts stored chemical energy into electrical energy and is an energy storage device. Some key electrochemical cells discussed include Volta's cell, the Leclanche cell, the dry cell, nickel cadmium cells, and button cells. Volta's cell, invented in 1799, uses a chemical reaction between zinc, copper, and sulfuric acid to produce electricity. The Leclanche cell, invented in 1866, contains a carbon cathode, manganese dioxide, and a zinc anode to produce a current. Dry cells, invented in 1888, contain zinc chloride, ammonium chloride, and carbon rods to produce a current for devices like flashlights.

1. Electrochemical cell
By Narendra Sir

2. Electric Current
Electronic current is the flow of electronic
charge through a medium. This change is
typically carried by moving electrons in a
conductor such as wire.

3. Electrochemical cell
A cell is a device that converts the stored
chemical energy into electrical energy under
certain condition. Hence it is also called
electro chemical cell. It is an energy storage
device.

4. Types of electrochemical cell
• Simple cell (Volta’s cell)
• The Leclanche cell
• The dry cell
• Nickel cadmium cell
• The button cell

5. Simple cell (Volta’s cell)
• Invented in 1799 by Alessandro Volta.
• The chemical reaction between
sulphuric acid, zinc and copper causes
an electric current to flow.
• When we convert the wires on both
plates, the electrons will move from
the zinc plate to the copper plate
(electric current will flow).

7. The Leclanche cell
• Invented in 1866 by Georges Leclanche.
• The cell contained a conducting solution
(electrolyte) of ammonium chloride a
cathode (positive pole) of carbon.
• A mixture of manganese dioxide, and an
anode (negative pole) of zinc.
• The chemical reaction between
manganese dioxide, zinc and ammonium
chloride causes an electric current will
flow.

9. The Dry cell
• Invented in 1888 by Carl Gassner.
• It has three components negative
electrode (zinc chloride ,ammonium
chloride), positive electrode(carbon) and
solution.
• When we connect the wires on both rods
the electrons will moves from zinc rod to
carbon rod (electric current will flow).
• Dry cells are used in flash lights, hand-
held video games devices, cameras and
clocks.

11. Nickel cadmium cell
• Invented in 1899 by Waldmar Jungner.
• In this cell, the metal cadmium (Cd)
from the negative pole and nickel (Ni)
and the positive pole.
• The space between the poles is filled
with the alkali potassium hydroxide.
• It can be recharged.
• The cell is made air tight to prevent
both leakage and corrosion in a
recharge a battery.

13. The button cell
• Invented in 1980 by John Goodenough.
• It is also called lithium cell.
• It has carbon as its positive pole and
lithium iron phosphate as its negative
pole.
• It is easy to use.
• It does not damage to the other delicate
parts of the gadget because it does not
leak.
• It cannot be recharged.

15. Disadvantages/user safety precautions
• Store the batteries on cool place.
• ESD (Electrostatic Discharge) Bags
• Do not put batteries into plastic bags designed
to protect component from electrostatic
discharge.
• Never reverse charge or overcharge with high
currents.
• Never disassemble a battery and may damage
skin and clothes.

16. Acknowledgements
• Images – goople.com
• Ref - Balbharati text book of SSC board std VIII.