The document discusses using XForms to create metadata. XForms is an XML application that separates data and logic from presentation. It allows building web-based XML editors in a platform-independent way without scripting. As an example, the authors built a MODS metadata editor using XForms and Orbeon to validate MODS records entered through a web form and output the validated XML. While XForms has downsides like complexity, it also has benefits like creating full applications with XML and strong data typing.