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Where did the "there is no universal moral law" meme come from?
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Moral relativism and social capital
1.
Do right and
wrong exist? Or are they just preferences, like preferring chocolate ice cream?
2.
What is right
or wrong is up to each individual person to decide
3.
Is this right?
4.
or wrong?
5.
the same idea
can be expressed this way:
6.
There are no
universal moral laws
7.
BUT
8.
“There are no
universal moral laws” IS a universal moral law
9.
The “law of
noncontradiction” is the most fundamental law of rationality
10.
a statement cannot
be both true and not true at the same time
11.
“What is right
or wrong is up to each individual person to decide” is an ethical position called “moral relativism”
12.
it is not
any more self-evident
13.
than other
ethical positions
14.
such as natural
law philosophies:
15.
People perceive injustice
naturally
16.
And these perceptions
are very similar in different cultures:
17.
There is a
universal moral law written in the human heart
18.
It is wrong
To betray a friend
19.
It is wrong
To harm the innocent
20.
It is right
To help the poor
21.
It is right
To show mercy
22.
Many major moral
philosophers have believed some version of Natural Law Morality
23.
One reason they
reject moral relativism is that it leads to conclusions
24.
That are repugnant
to reason
25.
If moral relativism
is true, there is no rational way to choose
26.
between Barnes or
Elias (in Platoon)
27.
If moral relativism
is true, there is no rational way to choose
28.
between Adolph Hitler
or Mother Theresa
29.
If moral relativism
is true, there is no rational way to choose
30.
between Rachel Scott
or those who killed her at Columbine
31.
If moral relativism
is true,
32.
reason fails
33.
If reason fails
34.
there cannot be
justice
35.
SO,
36.
If moral relativism
is not self-evident
37.
And if moral
relativism is notstrongly Supported by Reason (Moral Philosophy)
38.
How did moral
relativism
39.
become so widespread
in America?
40.
Why do so
many young people repeat slogans from moral relativism as though they are obvious truths?
41.
This is a
Historical Question (rather than a moral or a philosophical one)
42.
moral relativism was
advocated by cultural critics
43.
inspired by
Marxist philosophy:
44.
the “New Leftists”
(during the 1960s)
45.
After the sixties,
New Left intellectuals went on to influential positions in universities & the media
46.
“Demoralizing” America Was
a step preparing people to accept the secular state as the source of all values
47.
Karl Marx believed
there were no universal moral codes Ethics were relative to the economic situations of each individual society
48.
How has America
Changed Since the 1960s?
49.
One of the
most influential works of sociology in recent years is Bowling Alone By Robert Putnam
50.
His thesis is
that America has undergone a dramatic loss of “social capital”
51.
Social Capital Includes
forms of Community and relationship that are as important as money
52.
The title, “Bowling
Alone” Comes from his data: Since the 1960s, league bowling has undergone a dramatic decline.
53.
“social capital”
54.
Membership in bowling
leagues peaked in the mid-1960s. “social capital”
55.
What was more
significant: many measures of community began to decline in the 1960s
56.
Voluntary Club Meeting
Attendance His thesis is that America has undergone a dramatic loss of “social capital”
57.
Charitable Giving His
thesis is that America has undergone a dramatic loss of “social capital”
58.
Trust: Can Most
People Be Trusted? His thesis is that America has undergone a dramatic loss of “social capital”
59.
other measures
of the well being of society have gone up
60.
Greed Among College
Freshmen, 1966-1978 Other measure of the well being of society Have gone up
61.
Crime: Hiring of
police and guards Other measure of the well being of society Have gone up
62.
Is society getting
better?
63.
or worse?
64.
From the viewpoint
of moral relativism
65.
the question has
no meaning
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