Biogenic Sulfur Gases as Biosignatures on Temperate Sub-Neptune Waterworlds
Plant genetic resources of kpk
1. NAME: MUHAMMAD LUQMAN
ROLL NUMBER: 649
FBAS/BSBT/F14
TOPIC: PLANT GENETIC
RESOURCE OF KHYBER PAKHTUN
KHWA
2. WHAT ARE PLANT GENETIC RESOURCES?
• Genetic resources are, according to the international convention
for biodiversity, living material that includes genes of present
and potential value for humans. Plant genetic resources includes
all our agricultural crops and even some of their wild relatives
because they too often have valuable traits.
3. THE NEED TO CONSERVE
A lot of plant resources are being lost through the activities of man
and natural hazards
These includes:-
• Farming activities (slash and burn)
• Construction
• Bush fire
• Introduction of improved or new verities
4. INTRODUCTION
• Pakistan has developed its Biodiversity Action Plan in 2000,
• which has recently been updated as the National Biodiversity
Strategy and Action Plan1 as a policy
• to conserve biodiversity.
• The KPBSAP is closely linked to the NBSAP and contributes to the
Aichi Biodiversity Targets (Annex 1) so
• that it remains coherent within the national and global eco-
atmosphere.
5. STEPS
Taking guidance from the CBD2, the KP-BSAP comprises of:
• 1. A Biodiversity Strategy with a vision, statement of principles, defined goals, and a set of
targets to help guide implementation; and
• 2. A Biodiversity Action Plan that identifies priority actions and clearly outlines how these
will be implemented, including expected timelines, monitoring and reporting, and the
roles and responsibilities of the institutions and stakeholders involved. The action plan
also includes a framework for mobilising necessary funding and a communication
strategy to support the implementation of the KP-BSAP.
6. PRINCIPAL ELEMENTS OF KP-BSAP
• a. A brief assessment of the conservation status of species
within specified ecosystems;
• b. Creation of targets for conservation and restoration of most
threatened species; and
• c. Establishing budgets, timelines, and institutional
partnerships for implementing the KPBSAP.
7. CLIMATE
• It has a wide range of climatic conditions from a lowest of -14
°C in the north to the highest of 51
°C in the south.
The province also has a wide
range of precipitation for as low
as 130 mm per annum in the
southern districts to around
3200 mm in the northern parts
8. LAND OF KPK
Agricultural Land
29.87%
Alpine Pastures
8.72%
Rangelands shrubs
10.67% 7.16%
Snow & Glaciers
10.92%
Oak
Forest
1.12%
Sub-tropical Chir
Pine
2.92%
9. ECOSYSTEM
• Khyber Pakhtunkhwa experiences many types of climates, ranging
from arid to humid and from continental to Alpine and polar.
• Major part of the province’s area in the north and south is arid.
• Only a small patch comes under humid and sub-humid climatic
influence for monsoon showers and the central part is generally
semiarid.
• The higher Alpine and tundra climatic situation is found in the
interior of the high mountain valleys near the glaciated areas.
10. • The province is divided into seven physiographic regions while
the land cover map shows a wide variety of physical and
biological resources
11.
12. Cold desert and snowfields
Consists of a variety of habitats located in northern most Hindu Kush Mountain
region in Chitral with xerophytes, predominantly composed of dwarf and stunted
trees of juniper (Juniperus communis), and Salix denticulata. Precipitation is
mainly
in the form of snow in the winter months with no or little rains during monsoon.
Major fauna include Himalayan ibex (Capra ibex sibirica), lynx (Felis lynx), and
snow
leopard (Panthera uncia).
13. • Steppe pine forest ecosystem
• Distributed in lower valleys of Chitral, Kohistan, and parts of Dir
above an elevation of 4000 m with dominant tree species junipers
(Juniperus macropoda, J. polycarpus), wild pistachio (Pistacia
integrima), chilghoza (Pinus gerardiana), and blue pine
(Pinuswallichiana). Dominant fauna includes markhor (Capra
falconeri), and Royle’s pika
(Ochotona roylei).
14. SOME OTHER ECOSYSTEMS
• Alpine meadows
• Sub-Alpine scrub and birch ecosystems
• Dry temperate coniferous forest ecosystem
• Himalayan moist Temperate coniferous forest ecosystem
• Sub-Tropical pine forest ecosystem
• Dry sub-Tropical semi evergreen scrub ecosystem
• The Western Himalayan Temperate Forests in Palas Valley of Khyber
Pakhtunkhwa are one of the Global 20017 priority ecoregions, which
contain numerous plant species found nowhere else on Earth. Rich in
montaneous plants
15. NATIONAL PARKS
• A national park is an area set aside by the Government for the protection and
preservation
of its outstanding scenery, flora, and fauna in a natural state. It is accessible to
public for recreation, education
and research. To facilitate public use and recreation, access roads, construction of
rest houses, and hostels are
permitted. Forests and other flora in national parks may be managed and forest
products obtained provided these
activities do not damage natural ecosystem. Firing of any firearm, polluting water,
cleaning of land for cultivation,
disturbance of wild life or their breeding places is prohibited in national parks
which help in the conservation of
biodiversity including wild relatives of crop plants.
16. • Khunjerab National Park was created in 1975 in Northern Areas of Pakistan near
border with China. This area is a place for many native species particularly wild
relatives of crops and some minor fruits. This area is characterized to have
temperate flora.
• Ayubia National Park has been established in 1984 in district Abbottabad of KPK
province. The area has moist temperate vegetation and serving as an important
spot for in situ conservation of flora and fauna. This park is rich in floristic
diversity.it supports temperate coniferous and broad leaf forest. 104 species of
plants.
• Cedrus deodara, blue pine, yew, silver fir, horse chestnut and oak.
• Chitral Gol National Park was also established in 1984 near Chitral in KPK with
an area of 49 480 ha. The particular flora of dry temperate forest in preserved
along with other wild life. This area provides a habitat for the conservation of
many wild fruit species including grapes, walnuts, Rubus, Prunus spp. etc.it also
support cedar trees.
• Shiekh Buddin National Park was established in 1993 in KPK with an area of 15
537 ha. aiming to protect the flora and fauna of the ecosystem.
17. • Saiful Maluk National Park has been established in 2003 in KPK Province with
an area of 4 867 ha.floura includes shrubs, perennials, and herbs
• Laluser National Park has also been established in 2003 in KPK Province over
an area of 30 375 ha.Flora diversity include subalpine coniferous and alpine
shrubs.
• Alchemilla, Androsace, Anemone, Diapensia
• Broghil Valley is a valley and national park located in the upper northern
reaches Chitral District, of Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
• Manglot wild life park :situated in nowshehra. flora of the Manglot Wildlife
Park include scrub forest primarily consisting of the olive trees. Acacia
modesta(keekar), zizyphus nummelaria(kokenbur), olea cuspidate, deodonia
viscose and monothica boxifolia are the predominantly Vegetation of this
park.
18. STORAGE FACILITIES
• Plant Genetic Resources Programme has two types of
conservation facilities i.e. Active collection and Base collection.
• These two types of collection/storage complement each other.
Genebank has the capacity to accommodate 60 000 seed
• samples of 500 g each. The seeds are stored at 5oC and 40 %
relative humidity in active collection, at 0oC for mid term
• storage and -18oC for original samples (base collection).
19. FIELD GENE BANSKS
crops Field gene banks
dates Horticulture Research
Station, D.I. Khan, KPK
Citrus Agricultural Research
Institute, Tarnab,
Peshawar, KPK.
mango
apple Agricultural Research
Station, Mangora, KPK
grapes
