There are two main types of food groups: macronutrients and micronutrients. Macronutrients like fats, carbohydrates, and proteins provide energy and are measured in kilocalories, while micronutrients like vitamins and minerals are needed in smaller amounts for biochemical processes. The three macronutrients - carbohydrates, proteins, and fats - each provide 4, 4, or 9 kilocalories per gram respectively and are the main sources of energy and building materials for the human body. Micronutrients play important roles in biochemical reactions but are needed in smaller amounts which can be obtained from plants. Nutritional deficiencies occur when people receive less than 90% of their nutritional needs and

1. Ch 14 Human Nutrition

2. 14.1 There are 2 main types of food groups Macronutrients Micronutrients Macro- fats, carbohydrates, lipids for energy Micro- vitamins & minerals small amounts- biochemical processes often these are “cooked “ out of foods- so don’t overcook your fruits & vegetables! Macronutrients- energy output is measured in Kilocalories (kcal or Cal)- a calorie is the amount of Heat needed to raise 1g of water 1 C

6. Humans are ominvores ( eat plants & animals) Food is used for life processes-growth, movement, repair of tissue, heat etc.