1. BY: CASSIE WOLF

2.  As air expands it cools down, as it compresses
it warms
 Dry adiabatic rate is the cooling and heating of
unsaturated air
 Slower rate of cooling caused by the addition of
latent heat is the wet adiabatic rate
http://www.kidsgeo.com/geography-for-kids/0070-
adiabatic-temperature-changes.php

3.  4 mechanisms that can cause air to rise are
orographic lifting, frontal wedging, convergence,
and localized convective lifting
 When mountains act as barriers to air flow
orographic lifting occurs
 As air goes up the mountain adiabatic cooling
occurs which could generate clouds and
precipitation
http://ocw.usu.edu/Forest__Range__and_
Wildlife_Sciences/Wildland_Fire_Manageme
nt_and_Planning/Unit_7__Atmospheric_Sta
bility_and_Instability_3.html

4.  Warm and cold air collide making a front
 Cooler air acts as a barrier over which warmer
air rises pushing the cold air down.
http://www.geo.hunter.cuny.edu/
~tbw/wc.notes/4.moisture.atm.sta
bility/frontal_wedging.htm

5.  When air in lower atmosphere flows together
lifting happens
 Since cold air cannot go up it goes down
 Leads to adiabatic cooling and maybe cloud
formation
http://ww2010.atmos.uiuc.edu/(Gh)/gui
des/mtr/cld/dvlp/cnvrg.rxml

6.  Unequal heating of Earths causes pockets of air
to be warmed more then surrounding air
 Rising parcels of warmer air are called
thermals
http://santasusana.org/pakelly/ES9CP/E
S9%20clouds.htm

7.  Stable air tends to remain in its original
position while unstable air tends to rise
 Clouds wont form when stable air conditions
are present in the atmosphere
https://www.meted.ucar.edu/sign_in.ph
p?go_back_to=http%253A%252F%252Fww
w.meted.ucar.edu%252Ffire%252Fs290%25
2Funit6%252Fprint.htm

8.  Gas turns into a liquid which can collect in the
form of dew, fog, or clouds
 Air must be saturated to form
 Saturation occurs most commonly when air is
cooled to its dew point
http://www.google.com/imgres?q=condensation&um=1&hl=en&safe=
active&sa=N&biw=1024&bih=419&tbm=isch&tbnid=-
j_VUuUZn2dUEM:&imgrefurl=http://keep3.sjfc.edu/students/kes0089
8/e-
port/condensation%2520page%2520for%2520unit.html&docid=cO638H
AhHrSoiM&imgurl=http://keep3.sjfc.edu/students/kes00898/e-
port/condensepic.jpg&w=600&h=412&ei=xoL0TuCuDunk0QH-
ooymAg&zoom=1&iact=rc&dur=156&sig=116166674119090530697&pag
e=1&tbnh=100&tbnw=136&start=0&ndsp=13&ved=1t:429,r:3,s:0&tx=70
&ty=70

9.  Clouds are classified by their height and form
 Cirrus clouds are described as a curl of hair
and are very high and thin in the atmosphere
 Cumulus clouds are rounded individual
masses
 Stratus is a layer or sheet
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cirrus_clo
ud

10.  Cirrus, cirrostratus (flat layers), and
cirrocumulus (fluffy masses) make up the high
cloud family
 Often made up of ice crystals creating thin and
white clouds
 Not precipitation makers
http://mynasadata.larc.nasa.gov/glossary
.php?&letter=H

11.  Altocumulus clouds are composed of rounded
masses which are larger and denser then
cirrocumulus clouds
 Middle clouds are in the range of 2000- 6000
meters in the atmosphere
 Infrequent light snow or drizzle may occur in
these clouds
http://smsjar.blogspot.com/2011/04/clou
ds.html

12.  Stratus, stratocumulus, ad nimbostratus make
up the low cloud family
 Nimbostratus produce light precipitations
 Stratus the develops a scalloped bottom are
called stratocumulus
http://braindanceisawayoflife.blogspot.co
m/2009/04/cloudspotters-guide.html

13.  Some clouds do not fit into anyone of the 3
height categories, these have babes in low
height range but extend upward
 Cumulus clouds may turn into a
cumulonimbus cloud under certain
circumstances
 The more movement and more powerful
acceleration creates a more vertical range
http://www.pilotfriend.com/av_weather
/meteo/clouds.htm

14.  Fog is defined as a cloud with a base at or near
the ground
 Fog can be produced by moisture from the sea
that moves over land
 As cool air moves over warm water moisture
may evaporate
http://www.brainharmonycenter.com/br
ain-fog.html

15.  Bergeron process relies on super cooling and
super saturation
 Ice crystals cannot exist with water droplets
https://www.meted.ucar.edu/sign_in.ph
p?go_back_to=http%253A%252F%252Fww
w.meted.ucar.edu%252Fhydro%252Fbasic
_int%252Fflash_flood%252Fimage_gallery.
htm

16.  Collision-coalescence process forms raindrops
in clouds
 Water absorbing particles remove water vapor
from the air at a relative humidity less then
100%
 As large droplets move through the clouds
they join with smaller droplets
https://www.meted.ucar.edu/sign_in.ph
p?go_back_to=http%253A%252F%252Fww
w.meted.ucar.edu%252Ftropical%252Ftext
book_2nd_edition%252Fprint_5.htm

17.  The type of precipitation depends on the
temperature profile in the lower atmosphere
 When temperature is above 4°C snowflakes melt
and continue to fall as rain
 As temperature more than -5°C ice crystals come
together in clumps
http://www.global-greenhouse-
warming.com/ecology-of-snow.html

18.  Sleet is the fall of small particles of clear ice
 Glaze (freezing rain) occurs when raindrops
are super cooled as they fall through the air
 Hailstones begin as small ice droplets that get
bigger as they collect super cooled water
droplets
http://www.erh.noaa.gov/cae/svrwx/hai
l.htm