The Ring programming language version 1.7 book - Part 31 of 196

1. Ring Documentation, Release 1.7
func space x y = "" for t=1 to x y += " " next return y
Output:
Main Menu
===========
[1] Say Hello
[2] Sum two numbers
[3] Stars
[4] Fact
[5] Exit
1
Enter your name ? Mahmoud Fayed
Hello Mahmoud Fayed
Main Menu
===========
[1] Say Hello
[2] Sum two numbers
[3] Stars
[4] Fact
[5] Exit
2
number 1 : 3
number 2 : 4
Sum : 7
Main Menu
===========
[1] Say Hello
[2] Sum two numbers
[3] Stars
[4] Fact
[5] Exit
3
*
**
***
****
*****
******
*******
********
*********
**********
Main Menu
===========
[1] Say Hello
[2] Sum two numbers
36.2. Main Menu 272

2. Ring Documentation, Release 1.7
[3] Stars
[4] Fact
[5] Exit
4
Enter Number : 5
Output : 120
Main Menu
===========
[1] Say Hello
[2] Sum two numbers
[3] Stars
[4] Fact
[5] Exit
5
36.2. Main Menu 273

3. CHAPTER
THIRTYSEVEN
ODBC FUNCTIONS
This chapter contains the ODBC functions provided by the Ring programming language.
• odbc_init()
• odbc_drivers()
• odbc_datasources()
• odbc_close()
• odbc_connect()
• odbc_disconnect()
• odbc_execute()
• odbc_colcount()
• odbc_fetch()
• odbc_getdata()
• odbc_tables()
• odbc_columns()
• odbc_autocommit()
• odbc_commit()
• odbc_rollback()
Before using the next function load the odbclib.ring library
load "odbclib.ring"
# Use ODBC functions
37.1 odbc_init() Function
We can create ODBC Handle using the odbc_init() function
Syntax:
odbc_init() ---> ODBC Handle
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37.2 odbc_drivers() Function
We can get a list of ODBC drivers using the odbc_drivers() function
Syntax:
odbc_drivers(ODBC Handle) ---> List of Drivers
37.3 odbc_datasources() Function
We can get a list of ODBC data sources using the odbc_datasources() function
Syntax:
odbc_datasources(ODBC Handle) ---> List of Data sources
37.4 odbc_close() Function
After the end of using ODBC functions we can free resources using ODBC_Close() function
Syntax:
odbc_close(ODBC Handle)
37.5 Print List of ODBC Drivers
The next example print a list of ODBC drivers.
See "ODBC test 1" + nl
oODBC = odbc_init()
See "Drivers " + nl
see odbc_drivers(oODBC)
odbc_close(oODBC)
Output:
ODBC test 1
Drivers
Microsoft Access-Treiber (*.mdb) - SQLLevel=0
Driver do Microsoft Paradox (*.db ) - SQLLevel=0
Driver do Microsoft Excel(*.xls) - SQLLevel=0
Microsoft Text Driver (*.txt; *.csv) - SQLLevel=0
Driver da Microsoft para arquivos texto (*.txt; *.csv) - SQLLevel=0
Microsoft dBase-Treiber (*.dbf) - SQLLevel=0
SQL Server - CPTimeout=60
Microsoft Excel Driver (*.xls) - SQLLevel=0
Driver do Microsoft dBase (*.dbf) - SQLLevel=0
Microsoft Paradox-Treiber (*.db ) - SQLLevel=0
Microsoft ODBC for Oracle - CPTimeout=120
Microsoft Text-Treiber (*.txt; *.csv) - SQLLevel=0
Microsoft Excel-Treiber (*.xls) - SQLLevel=0
Microsoft Access Driver (*.mdb) - SQLLevel=0
Driver do Microsoft Access (*.mdb) - SQLLevel=0
37.2. odbc_drivers() Function 275

5. Ring Documentation, Release 1.7
Microsoft Paradox Driver (*.db ) - SQLLevel=0
Microsoft dBase Driver (*.dbf) - SQLLevel=0
Microsoft Access Driver (*.mdb, *.accdb) - UsageCount=3
Microsoft Excel Driver (*.xls, *.xlsx, *.xlsm, *.xlsb) - UsageCount=3
Microsoft Access Text Driver (*.txt, *.csv) - UsageCount=3
SQL Server Native Client 10.0 - UsageCount=1
SQL Server Native Client 11.0 - UsageCount=1
Microsoft Access dBASE Driver (*.dbf, *.ndx, *.mdx) - UsageCount=3
Microsoft Access Paradox Driver (*.db) - UsageCount=3
MySQL ODBC 5.3 ANSI Driver - UsageCount=1
MySQL ODBC 5.3 Unicode Driver - UsageCount=1
ODBC Driver 11 for SQL Server - UsageCount=1
Lianja ODBC Driver - CPTimeout=60
Microsoft Visual FoxPro Driver - UsageCount=1
Microsoft Visual FoxPro-Treiber - UsageCount=1
Driver para o Microsoft Visual FoxPro - UsageCount=1
Microsoft FoxPro VFP Driver (*.dbf) - UsageCount=1
37.6 Print List of ODBC Data Sources
The next example print a list of ODBC data sources.
See "ODBC test 2" + nl
pODBC = odbc_init()
See "Data Sources " + nl
see odbc_datasources(pODBC)
odbc_close(pODBC)
Output:
ODBC test 2
Data Sources
Excel Files - Microsoft Excel Driver (*.xls, *.xlsx, *.xlsm, *.xlsb)
MS Access Database - Microsoft Access Driver (*.mdb, *.accdb)
Customer - Microsoft Access Driver (*.mdb)
IdCardData - Microsoft Access Driver (*.mdb)
MyProjectData2 - Microsoft Access Driver (*.mdb)
MyData - Microsoft Access Driver (*.mdb)
MonprojetData - Microsoft Access Driver (*.mdb)
dBASE Files - Microsoft Access dBASE Driver (*.dbf, *.ndx, *.mdx)
myvfpdata - Microsoft Visual FoxPro Driver
FACTORYDATA - Microsoft Access Driver (*.mdb)
TRAININGSYSDATA - Microsoft Access Driver (*.mdb)
RVCSYSDATASQLDB - SQL Server Native Client 11.0
PWCTRVCDATA - Microsoft Access Driver (*.mdb)
MyCompany - Microsoft Access Driver (*.mdb)
HCS - Microsoft Access Driver (*.mdb)
HCS2 - Microsoft Access Driver (*.mdb, *.accdb)
MyProjectData - Microsoft Access Driver (*.mdb)
Xtreme Sample Database 2008 - Microsoft Access Driver (*.mdb)
Lianja_Southwind - Lianja ODBC Driver
Visual FoxPro Database - Microsoft Visual FoxPro Driver
Visual FoxPro Tables - Microsoft Visual FoxPro Driver
37.6. Print List of ODBC Data Sources 276

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37.7 odbc_connect() Function
We can connect to the database using the odbc_connect() function.
Syntax:
odbc_connect(ODBC Handle, cConnectionString)
37.8 odbc_disconnect() Function
We can close the connection to the database using the odbc_disconnect() function.
Syntax:
odbc_disconnect(ODBC Handle)
37.9 Open and Close Connection
The next example connect to the database then close the connection
See "ODBC test 3" + nl
pODBC = odbc_init()
See "Connect to database" + nl
see odbc_connect(pODBC,"DBQ=test.mdb;Driver={Microsoft Access Driver (*.mdb)}") + nl
See "disconnect" + nl
odbc_disconnect(pODBC)
See "Close database..." + nl
odbc_close(pODBC)
Output:
ODBC test 3
Connect to database
1
disconnect
Close database...
37.10 odbc_execute() Function
We can execute SQL Statements on the database using the odbc_execute() function.
Syntax:
odbc_execute(ODBC Handle, cSQLStatement)
37.11 odbc_colcount() Function
We can get columns count in the query result using the odbc_colcount() function.
Syntax:
37.7. odbc_connect() Function 277

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odbc_colcount(ODBC Handle) ---> Columns Count as Number
37.12 odbc_fetch() Function
We can fetch a row from the query result using the odbc_fetch() function.
Syntax:
odbc_fetch(ODBC Handle)
37.13 odbc_getdata() Function
We can get column value from the fetched row using the odbc_getdata() function.
Syntax:
odbc_getdata(ODBC Handle, nColumnNumber) ---> Column Value
37.14 Execute Query and Print Result
The next example execute query then print the query result.
See "ODBC test 4" + nl
pODBC = odbc_init()
See "Connect to database" + nl
see odbc_connect(pODBC,"DBQ=test.mdb;Driver={Microsoft Access Driver (*.mdb)}") + nl
See "Select data" + nl
see odbc_execute(pODBC,"select * from person") + nl
nMax = odbc_colcount(pODBC)
See "Columns Count : " + nMax + nl
while odbc_fetch(pODBC)
See "Row data:" + nl
for x = 1 to nMax
see odbc_getdata(pODBC,x) + " - "
next
end
See "Close database..." + nl
odbc_disconnect(pODBC)
odbc_close(pODBC)
37.15 odbc_tables() Function
We can get a list of tables inside the database using the odbc_tables() function.
We can access the result of this function as we get any query result.
Syntax:
odbc_tables(ODBC Handle)
Example:
37.12. odbc_fetch() Function 278

8. Ring Documentation, Release 1.7
See "ODBC test - Get Database Tables" + nl
pODBC = odbc_init()
See "Connect to database" + nl
odbc_connect(pODBC,"DBQ=test.mdb;Driver={Microsoft Access Driver (*.mdb)}") + nl
See "Select data" + nl
odbc_tables(pODBC) + nl
nMax = odbc_colcount(pODBC)
See "Columns Count : " + nMax + nl
while odbc_fetch(pODBC)
for x = 1 to nMax
see odbc_getdata(pODBC,x)
if x != nMax see " - " ok
next
See nl
end
See "Close database..."
odbc_disconnect(pODBC)
odbc_close(pODBC)
Output:
ODBC test - Get Database Tables
Connect to database
Select data
Columns Count : 5
.test - NULL - Customer - TABLE - NULL
.test - NULL - employee - TABLE - NULL
.test - NULL - person - TABLE - NULL
.test - NULL - tel - TABLE - NULL
Close database...
37.16 odbc_columns() Function
We can get a list of columns inside the table using the odbc_columns() function.
Syntax:
odbc_columns(ODBC Handle, cTableName)
Example:
See "ODBC test - Get Table Columns" + nl
pODBC = odbc_init()
See "Connect to database" + nl
odbc_connect(pODBC,"DBQ=test.mdb;Driver={Microsoft Access Driver (*.mdb)}") + nl
See "Get Columns inside the Person Table" + nl
odbc_columns(pODBC,"person") + nl
while odbc_fetch(pODBC)
see odbc_getdata(pODBC,4) + nl
end
See "Close database..." + nl
odbc_disconnect(pODBC)
odbc_close(pODBC)
Output:
37.16. odbc_columns() Function 279

9. Ring Documentation, Release 1.7
ODBC test - Get Table Columns
Connect to database
Get Columns inside the Person Table
FIRST
LAST
STREET
CITY
STATE
ZIP
HIREDATE
MARRIED
AGE
SALARY
NOTES
Close database...
37.17 odbc_autocommit() Function
We can enable or disable the auto commit feature using the odbc_autocommit() function.
Syntax:
odbc_autocommit(ODBC Handle, lStatus) # lStatus can be True or False
37.18 odbc_commit() Function
We can commit updates to the database using the odbc_commit() function.
Syntax:
odbc_commit(ODBC Handle)
37.19 odbc_rollback() Function
We can rollback updates to the database using the odbc_rollback() function.
Syntax:
odbc_rollback(ODBC Handle)
37.20 Transactions and Using Commit and Rollback
Example:
See "ODBC Test - Transactions and using Commit and Rollback" + nl
pODBC = odbc_init()
See "Connect to database" + nl
see odbc_connect(pODBC,"DBQ=test.mdb;Driver={Microsoft Access Driver (*.mdb)}") + nl
see "insert data..." + nl
odbc_autocommit(pODBC,0)
37.17. odbc_autocommit() Function 280

10. Ring Documentation, Release 1.7
for x = 1 to 10000
odbc_execute(pODBC,"insert into tel values (" + x + ",'mahmoud')")
next
for x = 10001 to 15000
odbc_execute(pODBC,"insert into tel values (" + x + ",'samir')")
next
odbc_commit(pODBC)
for x = 15001 to 20000
odbc_execute(pODBC,"insert into tel values (" + x + ",'fayed')")
next
ODBC_ROLLBACK(pODBC)
odbc_execute(pODBC,"insert into tel values (" + x + ",'fayed')")
odbc_commit(pODBC)
See "Close database..." + nl
odbc_disconnect(pODBC)
odbc_close(pODBC)
Output:
ODBC Test - Transactions and using Commit and Rollback
Connect to database
1
insert data...
Close database...
37.21 Save and Restore images
The next example save an image inside the database
See "ODBC test - Save image in the database" + nl
pODBC = odbc_init()
See "Connect to database" + nl
see odbc_connect(pODBC,"DBQ=test.mdb;Driver={Microsoft Access Driver (*.mdb)}") + nl
see "Read Image File..." + nl
cFile = str2hex(read("testsmahmoud.jpg"))
see "size " + len(CFile)+nl
see "Save image in the database..." + nl
stmt = "insert into tel values (20000,'mahmoud','" + cFile + "');"
odbc_execute(pODBC,stmt)
See "Close database..." + nl
odbc_disconnect(pODBC)
odbc_close(pODBC)
The next example restore the image from the database
See "ODBC Test - Restore image from the database" + nl
pODBC = odbc_init()
See "Connect to database" + nl
see odbc_connect(pODBC,"DBQ=test.mdb;Driver={Microsoft Access Driver (*.mdb)}") + nl
See "Select data" + nl
see odbc_execute(pODBC,"select * from tel where id = 20000") + nl
nMax = odbc_colcount(pODBC)
See "Columns Count : " + nMax + nl
if odbc_fetch(pODBC)
37.21. Save and Restore images 281