1. SONNET XXIX “ When, in disgrace with fortune…”

2. Revision of the Sonnet Form SHAKESPEARE IN ENGLAND PETRARCH IN ITALY

3. Both use 14 lines SHAKESPEAREAN PETRACHAN 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 QUATRAIN 1 2 3 RHYMING COUPLE T OCTAVE SESTET “ VOLTA” TURNING POINT QUAD = 4 QUARTER QUARTET QUAD OCT = 8 OCTOPUS SES = 6

6. Rhyme Scheme Shakespearean Sonnet Since brass, nor stone, nor earth, nor boundless sea , But sad mortality o'er-sways their power , How with this rage shall beauty hold a plea , Whose action is no stronger than a flower ? O, how shall summer's honey breath hold out Against the wreckful siege of battering days , When rocks impregnable are not so stout , Nor gates of steel so strong, but Time decays ? O fearful meditation! where, alack , Shall Time's best jewel from Time's chest lie hid ? Or what strong hand can hold his swift foot back ? Or who his spoil of beauty can forbid ? O, none, unless this miracle have might , That in black ink my love may still shine bright . A B A B C D C D E F E F G G

8. XXIX. When, in disgrace with fortune and men's eyes, I all alone beweep my outcast state And trouble deaf heaven with my bootless cries And look upon myself and curse my fate, Wishing me like to one more rich in hope, Featured like him, like him with friends possess'd, Desiring this man's art and that man's scope, With what I most enjoy contented least; Yet in these thoughts myself almost despising, Haply I think on thee, and then my state, Like to the lark at break of day arising From sullen earth, sings hymns at heaven's gate; For thy sweet love remember'd such wealth brings That then I scorn to change my state with kings.

9. When, in disgrace with fortune and men's eyes, I all alone beweep my outcast state And trouble deaf heaven with my bootless cries And look upon myself and curse my fate, Out of favour with fate/chance/destiny Bringing no advantage… Useless TONE? PERSONIFICATION Relationship with God? OUTCAST: lonesome figure in relation to himself, society, fate and God Social standing and opinion Popularity and Reputation PERSONIFICATION OF FORTUNE FEELINGS OF ISOLATION, DEPRESSION, REJECTION AND LONELINESS – SOCIAL, SPIRITUAL AND EMOTIONAL Depressed Self-pity Self-loathing Self-rejection Despondent

10. When, in disgrace with fortune and men's eyes, I all alone beweep my outcast state And trouble deaf heaven with my bootless cries And look upon myself and curse my fate, Searching for an explanation of his emotional state Notice all the words suggesting negativity

11. Wishing me like to one more rich in hope, Featured like him, like him with friends possess'd, Desiring this man's art and that man's scope, With what I most enjoy contented least; With the same facial features Having/possessing as many friends Compares himself to others…wishes that he could have more hope…feels cheated and depressed…jealousy/envy…covets the attributes and abilities of others DEPRESSED ABILITY SKILL IRONY: finds himself most dissatisfied with that which he usually enjoys most RANGE OF ABILITIES OR SKILLS, TALENTS Envy and discontent increase to overpowering mood of personal worthlessness and self contempt

12. Yet in these thoughts myself almost despising, Haply I think on thee, and then my state, Like to the lark at break of day arising From sullen earth, sings hymns at heaven's gate; By chance…but also “happily” Small brown bird Unsmiling, sulking CONJUNCTION – marks a change in the direction of the argument CHANGE OF MOOD: experiences renewed joy and optimism SIMILE And trouble deaf heaven with my bootless cries He is mature enough to recognise theses feelings as jealousy and despises himself for having these feelings Connotations of renewal, rebirth, new beginnings and new hope Lark – first bird to sing at break of day – flies extremely high and sings – lark song is also figurative - symbolic of poets soaring emotional state and state of mind Contrast and movement suggest a new mood of elation

14. I all alone beweep my outcast state Haply I think on thee, and then my state, Like to the lark at break of day arising That then I scorn to change my state with kings. Lot in life State of mind and spirit Position or condition

15. Sonnet is structured around a series of contrasts: BEWEEP SULLEN EARTH TROUBLE… WITH…. BOOTLESS CRIES WISHING DESIRING DESPISING SINGS HEAVEN’S GATE SWEET LOVE REMEMBERED SCORN ARISING