A Brief Tour through the Geology & Endemic Botany of the Klamath-Siskiyou Range
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A hotspot of diversity for rare plants, butterflies and birds, the Klamath-Siskiyou region of southern Oregon is a scientist's (and naturalist's) paradise. This is transverse range running from the Cascades range to the Pacific Ocean, creating an east-west corridor between the coast and the volcanic Cascades range. Mark Madsen’s love of biology while living in the area for 15 years sparked an interest in botanical taxonomy in the world of serpentine soils and the plant communities thriving in the region, including remnant species from the last ice age.
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A Brief Tour through the Geology & Endemic Botany of the Klamath-Siskiyou Range
- 1. A Brief Tour through the Geology & Endemic Botany of the Klamath-Siskiyou Range February, 2018 Mark MadsenImage: BLM
- 3. Why is this area special? Where else do you have: ▪ The highest tree diversity in the continental US? ▪ An apex forest that is neither conifer nor deciduous? ▪ The highest plant diversity on the west coast? ▪ The highest butterfly diversity outside of the sub- tropical southeastern US? ▪ Bird diversity? ▪ Geological diversity? Why do you have this? • Soils and geology, latitude and climate, geography
- 4. Where Oregon came from
- 5. Notes
- 6. Looking across the landscape from east to west There is repetition of strata There are jumbled sections Volcanism and erosion made a mess
- 7. Cascade-Siskiyou National Monument This is a small national monument to protect a biologically diverse area at the eastern edge of tonight’s program. CSNM Monument info The BLM Flickr page has great pictures of just how beautiful the landscape is.
- 9. Welcome to Mt. Ashland, elevation 7,533’ www.flickr.com/photos/26035675@N04/2495937762
- 10. Siskiyou and Klamath, higher elevation south Pilot Rock, Porcupine Mountain, Hobart Bluffs Grizzly Peak Mount Ashland and Grouse Gap Dutchman Peak and Observation Peak Cook and Green Pass Sucker Creek Gap
- 11. CSNM and surroundings near Pilot Rock
- 12. Pilot Rock to Porcupine Mountain (PCT)
- 13. Pilot Rock
- 14. You will see the great basin influence here, particularly on the southern slopes, with genera like artemisia, ericameria, prunus. Higher up and to the east you can find remnant pinus lambertiana forest in little fragments of regrowth.
- 16. Fritillaria pudica Heuchra sp
- 17. Pilot rock, south slope, porcupine creek
- 18. Coring populus trichocarpa, lower creek in CA
- 19. East and north toward Klamath NWF, high desert
- 20. Grizzly peak, northeast of the CSNM
- 21. Grizzly peak, northeast of the CSNM
- 22. Ribes cereum
- 23. Anemone oregana
- 25. Diversity: Sure are a lot of ribes on one trail Ribes cereum
- 26. Diversity: Sure are a lot of ribes… Ribes sanguineum
- 27. Diversity: Sure are a lot of ribes… Ribes lobbii
- 28. Diversity: Sure are a lot of ribes… Ribes viscosissimum
- 29. Diversity: Sure are a lot of ribes… Ribes lacustre
- 30. Diversity: Sure are a lot of ribes… Ribes roezlii
- 31. Diversity: Sure are a lot of ribes… Ribes sp
- 33. Detour: with plant diversity comes butterfly diversity Sorry, no time for butterfly review. They’re too hard to catch anyway.Photo: KSWild
- 34. Skipper on Trichostema lanceolatum Hyalophora euryalus Butterflies give you a sense of plant diversity and what oak woodlands support
- 35. exciting
- 36. boring
- 37. or not
- 43. Mt. Ashland east to Grouse Gap and Dutchman Peak
- 44. Cephalanthera austiniae Dry meadow
- 45. Mt Ashleand meadows, great meadows on a short PCT hike
- 47. Subalpine zone
- 48. Lupinus lepidus
- 51. Dutchman peak meadow looking south to Mt. Shasta. Area is lousy with flowers.
- 52. Cook & Green Pass, Red Buttes
- 53. quercus sadlerianaPCT, flora Corylus cornuta ssp. californica
- 54. Asarum caudatum
- 56. Triteleia crocea
- 57. A lot of mimulus nanus
- 59. Lilium bolanderi
- 60. Cuscuta gronovii, because something has to eat all these flowering plants
- 61. The lower elevation north and east Table Rocks ACEC (and Whetstone Savannah) Starvation Heights King Mountain ACEC Rogue River and Briggs Creek
- 62. Table Rocks ACEC
- 63. Aerial view of what makes it unique: habitats http://lomakatsi.org/news-coming-events/table-rocks-2-8-15/ White oak savanna Chapparal Black oak-pine-madrone woodland Mounded prairie Rock outcrop / cliff
- 69. Mounded prairie
- 70. Vernal pools
- 71. Downingia yina
- 72. Lomatium piperi
- 74. Limnanthes floccosa ssp pumila Limnanthes pumila spp grandiflora
- 75. Endangered fairy shrimp, among other things
- 76. Starvation Heights, Evans Creek Valley Oregon is well known for some genera: erythronium, fritillaria, irises Quite a few are in lower elevation forests BLM gate at the end of Earhart road. Start walking either up the road or off on a trail.
- 77. Linanthus, madia exigua, and wtf. Note lack of eurasian grasses
- 81. Fritiillaria recurvaFrittilaria affinis Simple addition…
- 88. Chlorogalum pomeridianum var pomeridianum
- 91. Surprise, even the lizards are flowers here
- 92. King Mountain We’re approaching the northern extreme, getting close the Umpqua basin, and out of the Siskiyou range. We’ll turn west and south from here.
- 95. Western fence lizardWolf Creek, west to the Kalmiopsis
- 96. Rogue River trail, south
- 98. Rogue River trail, Briggs creek
- 99. Why did we walk all that way?
- 100. Kalmiopsis leachiana (Norm Jensen)
- 101. Cave Junction areas Squaw Mountain 8 Dollar Mountain Babyfoot Lake Tennessee Mountain and Josephine Creek Woodcock Mountain Rough and Ready creek
- 102. Basically, it’s a mess down there
- 103. Eight Dollar Mountain, Fiddler Peak, Babyfoot Lake the central and south kalmiopsis area
- 104. Squaw Mountain showing serpentine barren, granitic intrusion
- 105. Rogue River trailTennessee Mountain, further south
- 107. Serpentine barren
- 108. Rogue River trailThings try harder here
- 109. Day’s Gulch, opp Eight Dollar, sisyrinchium idahoense var occidentale
- 110. Thlaspi montanum
- 112. Arabis macdonaldiana
- 113. Fritillaria glauca, Fiddler Mtn
- 116. Pinguicula vulgaris ssp macroceras (bloom
- 117. Lilium pardilinum ssp vollmeriHastingsia serpenticola
- 118. Darlingtonia californica fen, rudbeckia (Jensen)
- 119. Epipactis gigantea
- 120. Castilleja miniata ssp elata downingia bacigalupi
- 121. dicentra f ssp oregana sm Viola hallii, viola cuneatus
- 122. I lost my notes so…
- 124. What you mostly see when hiking through chamaecyparis lawsoniana is this, due to phytophtera lateralis. This will have a drastic impact on the landscape at large, particularly in steeper riparian areas.
- 125. South KS range and Smith River drainage
- 126. Ice age relicts callitropsis nootkatensis picea breweriana
- 127. The climate changes as you head toward the passes. 90 degrees here, 65 degrees on the other side
- 128. North fork, Smith River, in the 199 pass to Crescent City
- 130. Sequoia sempervirens
- 131. Oregon coast near Brookings
- 132. New soil being prepared for new plants
- 133. History and geology
- 134. Some history and botany in non-serpentine
- 135. Rare plants and a nice picture list for Grizzly Peak (and nearby)
- 136. The authoritative source (until Oregon Flora…)
- 137. Butterflies, bees and wasps
- 138. Some organizations where you can learn more before visiting Klamath-Siskiyou Wildlands Center https://www.kswild.org/ The Siskiyou Field Institute http://www.thesfi.org/index.asp NPSO Southern Oregon Chapter https://www.facebook.com/SiskiyouChapterNativePlantS ocietyOfOregon/ USFS has some helpful info https://www.fs.fed.us/wildflowers/beauty/serpentines/c enter/rareplants.shtml