3. Areas Controlled by Japan during WWII
• Several regions in China - 1938 - 1945
• French Indochina (Vietnam, Cambodia and Laos) - July 15, 1940 - August
29, 1945
• Hong Kong (UK) - December 12, 1940 - August 15, 1945
• Thailand- as an 'allied' state although induced - December 8, 1941 -
August 15, 1941
• British New Guinea - December 27, 1941 - September 15, 1945
• Philippines (USA) - January 2, 1942 - November 27, 1944
• Guam (USA) - January 6, 1942 - October 24, 1945
• Dutch East Indies - January 18, 1942 - October 21, 1945
• Portuguese Timor - February 19, 1942 - September 2, 1945
• Malaya (UK)- March 27, 1942 - September 6, 1945
4. • Andaman and Nicobar Islands (India) - March 29, 1942 - September 9, 1945
• Straits Settlements (Singapore) - March 29, 1942 - September 9, 1945
• Kingdom of Sarawak (UK) - March 29, 1942 - September 9, 1945
• Brunei (UK) - March 29, 1942 - September 9, 1945
• North Borneo (UK) - March 29, 1942 - September 9, 1945
• Nauru - August 26, 1942 - September 13, 1945
• Imphal (India) - November 4, 1942 - August 15, 1945
• Wake Island (USA) - December 27, 1942 - January 18, 1944
• Gilbert and Ellice Islands (UK) - February 22, 1943 - January 22, 1944
• Christmas island (Australia) - May 5, 1943 - January 25, 1944
• Attu and Kiska Islands (Alaska) - June 6, 1943 - September 27, 1943
5. Areas Attacked but Not Conquered
• Air raids on Australia:
• Broome (Western Australia)
• Darwin (Northern Territory, Australia)
• Newcastle (New South Wales, Australia)
• Sydney (New South Wales, Australia)
• British Columbia (Canada)
• Kohima and Manipur (India)
• Colombo and Trincomalee (Sri Lanka)
• Dornod (Khalkhin Gol, Mongolia)
• United States
• Santa Barbara (California)
• Pearl Harbor (Hawaii)
• Midway Atoll
• Fort Stevens (Oregon)
6. Japan in the 1920’s
• Joined the League of Nations
• Signed the 4, 5 and 9 Power Pacts
• 4 Power Pact-US, GB, France and Japan would respect each other’s
possessions in the Pacific
• 5 Power Pact-US, GB, France, Italy and Japan would limit naval size
• 9 Power Pact-US, GB, France, Italy, Japan, Belgium, Netherlands,
Portugal and China agree to the Open Door Policy and guarantee
Chinese independence
• Signed the Kellogg-Briand Pact
12. Japanese Invasion of Manchuria
•The League of Nations condemned the action but could not
enforce its authority as it had no military force
•The message sent to aggressive countries was that a major
power could get away with using force because Great
Britain and France did not want war
•Japan dropped out of the League of Nations shortly after
invasion
14. Rape of Nanking-Late 1937-Early 1938
•A mass killing of Chinese people(up to 300,000)
•Mass raping of Chinese women and girls
•Mass looting and arson
•Some in Japan have denied that the military killed civilians for
no reason
•Still causes tension between the two countries today
•There was a war crimes trial after the war to try Japanese
soldiers for participation
•Overall, throughout WWII, Japan killed almost 6,000,000
people--Chinese, Indonesians, Koreans, Filipinos, Indochinese,
Western prisoners of war, etc.
23. Panay Incident-December 1937
• American gunboat attacked on
river in China by Japan
• 3 US troops killed, 45 wounded
• Japan said it was an accident,
apologized and paid US $$
• Worsened US-Japanese relations
25. Axis Powers
• Main Powers: Germany, Italy
Japan
• Other Powers: Albania, Bulgaria,
Finland, Romania, Thailand,
Hungary
26.
27.
28. Soviet–Japanese Neutrality Pact
• The USSR and Japan signed an agreement to not fight one
another in April, 1941
• Japan considered breaking this once Germany(their ally)
invaded the USSR in June, 1941, but did not
• The USSR broke this treaty when they declared war on Japan
in August 9, 1945
32. Basics of Pearl Harbor Attack
* Date: December 7, 1941-Sunday-7:40 AM and 8:50 AM
* Location: Pearl Harbor, Hawaii Territory
* War Results: 1.) Japanese major victory 2.) U.S. Declaration of
War on Japan 3.) Germany and Italy Declare War on the U.S. (Tripartite
Pact) 4.) U.S. Declares War on Germany and Italy
* Battle Results: 1.) All eight U.S. Navy battleships were damaged,
with four being sunk 2.) Three cruisers, three destroyers, an anti-
aircraft ship and one minelayer ship were sank or damaged 3.) 188
U.S. aircraft were destroyed (Pacific Fleet)
* Deaths/Casualties: 1.) 2,402 killed 2.) 1,282 wounded
42. Remember Pearl Harbor
• This was one of the most patriotic
songs during World War II
• It was played at family and religious
gatherings throughout the country
• Song
43.
44.
45. Why did Japan attack Pearl Harbor?
• After Japan invaded French Indochina in 1940, US stopped trading oil
with Japan
• Japan signed the Soviet–Japanese Neutrality Pact in April, 1941
guaranteeing that Japan and USSR would not go to war
• Japan realized they needed US trade to be successful in war
• Only way to force US’ hand was to hit them hard in a surprise attack
forcing them out of the war
• Japan knew that this plan was a huge risk, but thought it was the only
way to defeat US
• Plan backfired. Instead, Japan “awoke a sleeping giant”.
50. FDR’s War Message
•Pearl Harbor was not the only area Japan attacked on
December 7
•“Yesterday the Japanese Government also launched an attack
against Malaya.”
•“Last night Japanese forces attacked Hong Kong.”
•“Last night Japanese forces attacked Guam.”
•“Last night Japanese forces attacked the Philippine Islands.”
•“Last night the Japanese attacked Wake Island.”
•“This morning the Japanese attacked Midway Island.”
106. Summer 1945-Preparing for the Invasion of Japan
•Operation Downfall
•Planned for October 1945
•Estimated to have over 1 million casualties
•Estimated to have 267,000 deaths
•Why did this never take place?
131. VJ Day
• August 14/15, 1945(Official UK)
• September 2, 1945(Official for
US)
• When Japan officially signed
on USS Missouri
132. Potsdam Conference-July, 1945
• On July 26, the United States, Great
Britain, and China issued the Potsdam
Declaration
• Announced the terms for Japan's
surrender
• "We will not deviate from them.
There are no alternatives.”
133. Potsdam Declaration-July, 1945
• Dismantle the current government of Japan(excluding Emperor
Hirohito)
• The Allies(US) will occupy Japan
• Japan will consist only of the major islands(Honshu, Hokkaido,
Kyushu, Shikoku). It will lose all territory gained in WWII and years
leading up to it.
• Japanese military forces will be disarmed and allowed to return
home
• There will be war crimes trials for the atrocities committed by Japan
throughout WWII
134. Potsdam Continued
• Democracy will be promoted as well as Freedom of speech, religion,
and of thought, as well as respect for fundamental human
rights(Universal Declaration of Human Rights-1948)
• Japan will be allowed to have industry so they can make money to pay
for reparations. World trade will also be enabled at some point.
• Allied(US) occupation of Japan(1945-1952) will end once Japan
accomplishes all the above points.
• "We call upon the government of Japan to proclaim now the
unconditional surrender of all Japanese armed forces, and to provide
proper and adequate assurances of their good faith in such action. The
alternative for Japan is prompt and utter destruction.” President Harry
Truman
