Ch. 10.1.2

1. Ch. 10-America Claims an Empire
• Section 1-Imperialism and America
• Section 2-The Spanish American War
• Section 3-Acquiring New Lands
• Section 4-America as a World Power

2. • Domestic Policy vs Foreign Policy

3. Key Terms
• Diplomacy
• Imperialism
• Militarism
• Nationalism
• Sphere of influence
• Protectorate
• Arbitration

4. Old Diplomacy
• 1. Noninterventionist
• - the US did not intervene in foreign
affairs, especially Europe’s
• 2. Isolationist
• - the US acted alone in foreign affairs
as compared to working with other nations
• 3. Passive and reactive
• - the US waited for events to occur and
then acted accordingly
• 4. Weak army and navy

5. New Diplomacy
• 1. Imperialistic
• - going out and conquering territory to create an
empire
• - Alfred Mahan(look up), Henry Cabot Lodge,
Teddy Roosevelt
• 2. Stronger army and navy
• 3. Interventionist – especially in Central and South
America
• - becoming more involved in other countries affairs
• - Monroe Doctrine(look up)
• 4. Strong nationalism
• - having strong pride and confidence in one’s
country

7. Ch. 10.1 Imperialism and America
• Imperialism became
very common with the
major powers of the
world
• Which countries were
the most powerful in
1900?
• Great Britain
• Germany
• France
• Austria-Hungary
• Italy
• Russia
• United States
• Ottoman Empire-
Turkey)
• Japan

12. Middle East Before WWI(1914)

13. Middle East After 1920

14. Latin America-1800-Most countries
were independent by 1830

15. Why did the US and other countries
look to imperialism?
• Brings military power and prestige to your country
• Naval bases and refueling stations
• $$$$-For natural resources as well as opening
new markets to sell your goods(trade)
• Belief in cultural superiority-White Man’s Burden
-McKinley: "to take them all and to educate the
Filipinos, and uplift and civilize and Christianize
them."
-Taft: We must help our "our little brown brothers”
on the Philippines

17. Captain Alfred Mahan

18. Taking Alaska and Hawaii
• Fifteen-twenty minutes to research your
topic
• Put info into the Wallwisher website:
• http://padlet.com/cmbruns/alaskaus
• http://padlet.com/cmbruns/hawaiius
• Be ready to share your findings.
• Once done, embed each Wall into your
daily blog.

23. Queen Liliuokalani-Last Queen of
Hawaii-1893

25. August 12, 1898

26. Ch. 10.2-The Spanish American
War
• By 1900, Spain was a dwindling empire
– Philippines, Guam, Cuba, Puerto Rico and a few
colonies in Africa(Morocco and Western Sahara)
• The US had been interested in Cuba for a long
time
– US tried to buy Cuba in 1854
• Cubans had been revolting against Spain
frequently(1868, 1878, 1886, 1895) wanting
independence
• Many felt sorry for the Cuban people

29. What caused an increase in tension
between the United States and Spain?
• 1. In 1895 civil war broke out in Cuba between
Spain and the Cubans
• 2. The conflict was described “bloody and brutal”
• 3. Newspapers(Yellow Press) reported the brutality
of the Spanish General Weyler
– The New York Journal reports "...blood on the
roadsides, blood in the villages, blood, blood,
blood!"
– American newspapers were clearly pushing the
nation towards intervention in the Cuban
situation
– William Randolph Hearst and Joseph Pulitzer

32. Causes of Spanish-American War
1898
• The USS Maine sinking
• The Yellow Press
• Butcher Weyler and his treatment of Cubans in
the concentration camps
• The De Lome Letter
• Jose Marti’s destruction of US property in
Cuba-making it look as thought Spain did it
• To help the Cubans get independence

33. General Valeriano “The Butcher” Weyler

34. Jose Marti

35. William Randolph Hearst

36. Joseph Pulitzer

37. The Yellow Press
• Instigated the war
• United the general
public to want war
with Spain
• Made people feel
sorry for the Cubans

38. The Yellow Kid

41. President William McKinley

42. Mckinley Considered a Coward

43. Enrique Dupay de Lome

44. De Lome Letter
• ...McKinley is weak and catering to the
rabble and, besides, a low politician who
desires to leave a door open to himself
and to stand well with the jingos of his
party."

45. USS Maine-Feb. 15, 1898

47. USS Maine After Explosion

51. Declaration of War and the
Teller Amendment
• On April 25, 1898 the United States declared
war on Spain
• Discuss imperialists vs anti-imperialists in US
• Teller Amendment was added to the
declaration of war against Spain
• Guaranteed Cuban independence after the
war was over
• Guess what the US did instead?

53. Fronts in the Spanish-American
War
• Philippines
• Cuba
• Puerto Rico

55. Commodore George Dewey

57. Battle of Manilla Bay

59. Emilio Aguinaldo

61. Admiral William Sampson

62. Rough Riders

63. Rough Riders

64. Teddy Roosevelt & Leonard Wood

65. John Hay “A Splendid Little War”

66. Treaty of Paris-1898
• Brought an official end to the war
• Spain gave Cuba independence(kind of)
• US got control of the Philippines($20
million), Guam and Puerto Rico

68. Misc.
• The US Army was not prepared to
fight this war-The Navy was excellent!
• Roughly 3000 US soldiers died in the
war-Only 385 battle deaths-2500 died
due to disease
• Lasted April 25 – August 12, 1898
• The US became an empire for the first
time in our history