4. 012-1 The Early English Kitchen Garden:A Persistent Garden Form
5. 012-1 Landscape History Early Kitchen Garden lecture Put garden history into perspective by analyzing the earliest form of garden and its resilience to change despite social pressure. Homework: Begin thinking of a garden in Europe or America that is worthy of a discussion in class. Result: To learn about the social pressures that shaped landscape history, develop an aptitude for reading plans, to understand the 3 main periods of stylistic imprints.
15. 012-2 Landscape History Conimbriga & Portuguese Gardens what makes these early gardens special (ad 200-1550), their special decorative techniques and design motifs (azulejos, mosaic, hydrology) Homework : Bring a short history of the garden you chose to read/researchResult: To define a renaissance garden in both descriptive and spatial terms, relate it to political events of the period.
28. Features of a Portuguese Garden A water tank or basin Walls with Ajulejos Green backbone Connection with the house Beautiful pots, well-placed Citrus
43. 012-3Landscape History Italian Renaissance gardens…what makes these early gardens special Result: To define a renaissance garden in both descriptive and spatial terms, relate it to political events of the period.
68. Gardens of France (Review) Chateau de Fountainbleau c 1528 Chateau de Villandry c 1536 Potager de Roi Versailles c 1638 Manoir de Chez (Normandy) Vaux le Vicomte c 1650 Giverney Musee Claude Monet 1883-1926 Chamont Exhibition (June-October) Maison et Parc Floral des Moitiers (Normandy)
81. Hallmarks of French Gardens The geometric landscape movement was characterized by : Outward facing views to the horizon Clipped geometric forms of plant materials Flat planes of terraced land Formal water bodies & canals Man’s dominance of the land
82. Hallmarks of French Gardens However, one cannot characterize French gardens just in these ways…particularly since new ideas from artists and owners from abroad add fresh fuel to the canvas of nature. Giverney, Chamont’s Garden Festival and the gardens at Moitier remind us to think “out of the box” while reaching to the past for inspiration.
83. Trademarks of French Gardens Most French gardens illustrate a continuum of layers of garden design…most notably in our studies at Villandry where there is 16th c chateau and formal kitchen gardens plus a formal water garden. Fountainbleau & Vaux le Vicomteare considered to be pure forms of geometric period landscapes
85. Gardens of England Stowe Castle Howard Rousham Ilford Buscot Barnsley Sissinghurst Hidcote
86. Visionaries of Georgian England Sir Issac Newton 1642-1727 optical properties of light John Locke “Essay Concerning Human Understanding in 1690” & 1st Earl of Shaftsbury…Age of Enlightenment Rousseau 1712-1778 visions of a more perfect society 3rd Earl of Shaftsbury 1671-1713 Genius of Place Addison & Pope…….
88. Stowe & Castle Howard Birth of the Emblematic gardens of the eighteenth century Landscape Anatomy : Gardens of Romanticism featured… Grottoes, cascades,wild scenery, temples, poetry, iconography …works resembling a painting
89. Influential works of art by Claude Lorraine & Nicholas Poisson (mid 1600’s) featured mythological subjects from the Roman countryside… wild green theatres of the imagination. The visitor to an Enlightened Landscape would meditate and tell his own story by being in stage sets filled with allusions.
110. Gardens of England Gardens in England today, like those of France and Italy, are often overlays of several landscape movements. Rousham, Stowe and Castle Howard represent “pure” evocations of the Picturesque Landscape movement. There are many, earlier gardens designed in the geometric tradition which clearly embrace French & Italian influences.
111. Gardens of England The effect of the National Trust in England and private landowners in opening their gardens to the public has had a profound impact on landscape preservation worldwide by educating visitors in the interpretation of landscape continuums and preservation methods.
116. 012-6 History of Landscape Design The United States of America
117. 012 -6 History of Landscape Design: USA Understanding America’s pioneer ethos and the evolution of the landscape as powerful people created their versions of great country houses…or American farmsteads.
118. Periods of American Landscape History A. Indians and Conquest B. 1680-1750 Early Transitional C. 1750-1820 Federal D. 1820-1880 Antibellum/Reconstruction E. 1880-1920 Victorian/Edwardian F. 1920- present
131. Periods of American Landscape History A. Indians and Conquest B. 1680-1750 Early Transitional C. 1750-1820 Federal D. 1820-1880 Antibellum/Reconstruction
134. Periods of American Landscape History A. Indians and Conquest B. 1680-1750 Early Transitional C. 1750-1820 Federal D. 1820-1880 Antibellum/Reconstruction E. 1880-1920 Victorian/Edwardian F. 1920- present
