On the way to a 2000 Watt society
Zurich’s path to sustainable energy use
2016 Australian Summer Study on Energy Productivity
Sydney 25 February, 2016
Martina Blum, Energy Expert, Energy Officer City of Zurich

Towards a 2000 Watt Society
February 2016, page 2
City of Zurich
Energy Officer
Content
 Introduction City of Zurich and its energy politics
 How to become a 2000 Watt society
 Conclusion

Towards a 2000 Watt Society
February 2016, page 3
City of Zurich
Energy Officer
City of Zurich – general information
 Switzerland’s largest city and business center
400‘000 residents
380‘000 work places (2x Swiss average)
 Metropolitan region Zurich:
1.9 Mio. residents
900’000 work places
 Legislation is made by Canton
and Swiss Confederation
Municipalities have a high level of autonomy, according to the principle of subsidiarity
introduction

Towards a 2000 Watt Society
February 2016, page 4
City of Zurich
Energy Officer
Zurich is an early mover of energy politics
Energy officer, energy savings in city buildings
Energy counseling, energy tariffs with saving
incentive, energy saving fund
Additional energy specifications for buildings
Solar exchange for photovoltaics installations,
energy services for companies
Label „Energy City“
„7-Mile-steps“ for low impact/energy efficient
buildings
Label „naturemade“ for green power
Energy Master Plan
European Energy Award Gold
energy tarif revision (e.g. default renewable
energy, efficiency bonus)
wood-fired cogeneration plant Aubrugg
natural power company > Energy 3600
100% renewable electricity
1979
1989
1993
1996
2000
2001
2001
2002
2004
2006
2010
2014
2015
introduction

Towards a 2000 Watt Society
February 2016, page 5
City of Zurich
Energy Officer
Referendum of 30 November 2008
76.4 % Yes
2000 Watt Society
goal becomes part of
city’s constitution
Reliable power supply
Flourishing economy
YES TO SUSTAINABILITY
introduction

Towards a 2000 Watt Society
February 2016, page 6
City of Zurich
Energy Officer
2000 Watt targets according to Energy Masterplan
 long-term goals: PE (primary energy) and GHG (greenhouse gas emissions)
 all energy sources incl. embodied energy part of the balance
reduction targets
- PE: factor 2  2500 watt per person
- GHG: factor 5  1 tonne CO2 p.p. and yr.
 80% renewable (primary energy)
introduction
Primaryenergy(wattperperson)
GreenhouseGasEmissions(tperperson)
primary energy
non-renewable
primary energy
renewable
greenhouse gas
emissions
example PEF and GHG factors
source: KBOB / eco-bau / IPB 2009/1:2014

Towards a 2000 Watt Society
February 2016, page 7
City of Zurich
Energy Officer
Energy Masterplan City of Zurich
introduction
 Energy politics is a cross-
functional tasks involving 17
City Departments, e.g. Urban
Development Office, Structural
Engineering Department, Power
and Gas Utilities, Public
Transport Authorities
 The Masterplan relates to
other long-term strategies of
the city

Towards a 2000 Watt Society
February 2016, page 8
City of Zurich
Energy Officer
living space city of Zurich
m2 per person
Local factors influencing 2000 Watt achievement
 energy companies in city’s ownership
 high volume of mobility / well-established public transport
 below average living space
 growing city (inhabitants, workplaces, tourism)
introduction

Towards a 2000 Watt Society
February 2016, page 9
City of Zurich
Energy Officer
How to become a 2000 Watt society
Substitution - strategy of 2000 Watt compatible energy supply
choosing energy sources with low-carbon and low-primary energy factors, i.e.
energy from incineration, waste heat and renewable sources
Efficiency - using less energy to serve the same purpose
regarding living, working and mobility
Sufficiency - reducing the demand for energy-related activities
Substitution| Efficiency | Sufficiency

Towards a 2000 Watt Society
February 2016, page 10
City of Zurich
Energy Officer
Substitution
Electricity
increasing investments in solar and wind
details: see ewz strategy «power of tomorrow»
choosing energy sources with low-carbon and low-primary energy factors
district heating
(incineration and
wood)
heat pumps
waste heat
solar
bio-/natural gas
heating oil
energy from water
Substitution | Efficiency | Sufficiency
nuclear energy
photovoltaics
solar heat
biomass
hydropower
wind
Heat
using various locally available renewables and
waste heat
details: see Energy Concept City of Zurich»

Towards a 2000 Watt Society
February 2016, page 11
City of Zurich
Energy Officer
Examples
Substitution | Efficiency | Sufficiency
years solar electricity
 2015: all products 100% renewable
 220 Mio. CHF investments in wind power
participation product «ewz.solarzüri», launch 2015

Towards a 2000 Watt Society
February 2016, page 12
City of Zurich
Energy Officer
Efficiency using less energy to serve the same purpose
- growing city
- shifting towards
non-fossil fuels
 reduction by 5%
per inhabitant
Power consumption City of Zurich
forecast
progress
Substitution | Efficiency | Sufficiency

Towards a 2000 Watt Society
February 2016, page 13
City of Zurich
Energy Officer
Efficiency - a city’s contribution
 Lead by example: building code and energy
management for city buildings, Energy
Masterplan, contribution to 2000 Watt site
certificate, e.g. Greencity
 Supporting energy efficient appliances in
households and businesses («energy saving
fund»)
 Bonus on electricity tarif for energy efficient
companies
 «Energy coaching» and information programs
for households, companies and schools
Substitution | Efficiency | Sufficiency

Towards a 2000 Watt Society
February 2016, page 14
City of Zurich
Energy Officer
Energy Research City of Zurich
 Harvesting technological potential and
renewable energies is necessary but not
sufficient
 Everybody can contribute to the 2000 Watt
goal
 Research at the interface ot energy efficient
technologies and human behaviour
picture: Luca Zanier
Substitution | Efficiency | Sufficiency

Towards a 2000 Watt Society
February 2016, page 15
City of Zurich
Energy Officer
Example: Business and residential area «Kalkbreite»
 opened 2014, private ownership
 built on public land  binding sustainability
standards
 designed for low-ressources and new forms
of living together
 250 residents, 200 work spaces
 the areas’ concept supports sustainable use
of ressources
 low-energy standard
 below-average private living space (32 m2)
 spacial community areas
 car-sharing facilities, no private carspicture: Volker Schopp
Substitution | Efficiency | Sufficiency

Towards a 2000 Watt Society
February 2016, page 16
City of Zurich
Energy Officer
Benefits of 2000 Watt society concept
 conceptual integration of embodied energy
 allows influence on energy supply
 consistent methodology
 universal application on strategic as well as project level (primary energy, GHG emissions)
 coordinated and holistic approach
 allows to choose from a range of options (efficiency, substitution etc.)
 activities in all areas of demand are required (energy, mobility, other consumption)
 easy to communicate
 makes people curious about the number
 brings it back to the individual
conclusion
picture: Umwelt- und Gesundheitsschutz Stadt Winterthur

Towards a 2000 Watt Society
February 2016, page 17
City of Zurich
Energy Officer
Contract
The parties are:
The residents of this building
and The Rest of the World
The residents of this building commit themselves
to reduce their total constant energy demand to a
maximum of 2000 watt per person.
In case of breach of contract The Rest of the
World is entitled to social or damage
compensation.
Jurisdiction is Zurich.
Swiss law is applicable.
Zurich, 1 May, 2010
The residents of this building The Rest of the World
Contract of residents regarding 2000 Watt society
art at building of Badenerstrasse in Zurich,
cooperative building society Zurlinden
picture: presentation of Katrin Pfäffli, «Grundlagen zu einem
Suffizienzpfad Energie», 19 September, 2012

Towards a 2000 Watt Society
February 2016, page 18
City of Zurich
Energy Officer
A 2000 Watt society is possible
1) Strong Political Commitment and Consistent
Legal Framework
 long term goals as part of municipal law
 external commitments e.g. European Energy Award
help
2) Assertive Implementation and Management
 energy politics is a cross-sectoral task (challenge in
line-organisations)
3) Financial Ressources
 transition phase: from subsidies to incentive taxes
and market solutions
conclusion

Towards a 2000 Watt Society
February 2016, page 19
City of Zurich
Energy Officer
Thank you for your interest
Energy Policy Report City of Zurich
English information on the 2kW society
contact: martina.blum@zuerich.ch
CBS news report
«Can a City Cut Its
Energy Use by 2/3?»
Sources pictures in
this presentation:
publications City of
Zurich, picture
archieves ewz, VBZ
and other city
departements
FLCKR: PONTE1112
ABC RN Afternoons
«Want to join the
2000 Watt society?»