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‫دانشگاه‬‫آزاد‬‫اسليمي‬‫واحد‬‫سوادکوه‬)‫فرم‬2(
‫بسمه‬‫تعالي‬
‫فرم‬‫عنوان‬‫پيشنهادي‬‫پروپوزال‬‫كارشناسي‬‫ارشد‬
‫جهت‬‫طرح‬‫در‬‫شوراي‬‫تخصصی‬‫گروه‬...............................................
‫نام‬‫و‬‫نام‬‫خانوادگي‬‫دانشجو‬‫شماره‬ :‫دانشجويي‬:
‫رشــتـــــه‬‫و‬‫گــــرايــــش‬‫نيمســـال‬ :‫ورودي‬:
‫عنوان‬:‫پيشنهادي‬
‫استفاده‬‫از‬‫عصاره‬‫گیاه‬‫گزنه‬‫و‬‫کاروس‬‫در‬‫انعقاد‬‫پنیر‬
‫استاد‬‫راهنما‬‫استاد‬ :‫يمشاور‬:
‫تلفن‬‫تماس‬‫دانشجو‬‫ايمضاء‬ :‫دانشجو‬:
‫چکیده‬:
‫پنیر‬‫فرآورده‬‫ای‬‫است‬‫که‬‫پس‬‫از‬‫انعقاد‬‫پروتئین‬‫شیر‬‫و‬‫خروج‬‫آب‬‫پنیر‬‫حاصل‬‫يمی‬‫تقریبا‬ .‫شود‬‫یک‬
‫سوم‬‫شیر‬‫تولید‬‫شده‬‫در‬‫جهان‬‫برای‬‫تولید‬‫پنیر‬‫يمورد‬‫استفاده‬‫قرار‬‫يمی‬‫عمده‬ .‫گیرد‬‫ترین‬‫و‬‫شناخته‬
‫شده‬‫ترین‬‫يمایه‬‫پنیری‬‫که‬‫در‬‫بیشتر‬‫نقاط‬‫جهان‬‫برای‬‫انعقاد‬‫شیر‬‫به‬‫کار‬‫يمی‬،‫رود‬‫يمنشاء‬‫حیوانی‬
‫دارد‬‫و‬‫عمدتا‬‫از‬‫شیردان‬‫گوساله‬‫شیرخوار‬‫استخراج‬‫يمی‬‫با‬ .‫شود‬‫توجه‬‫به‬‫افزایش‬‫جمعیت‬‫جهان‬‫و‬
‫در‬‫نتیجه‬‫افزایش‬‫درخواست‬‫ها‬‫برای‬‫پنیر‬‫و‬‫کاهش‬‫تولید‬‫يمایه‬‫پنیر‬‫حیوانی‬‫نگرش‬‫جدیدی‬‫در‬
‫خصوص‬‫دسترسی‬‫به‬‫جایگزین‬‫های‬‫يمناسب‬‫برای‬‫يمایه‬‫پنیر‬‫آورده‬‫در‬ .‫است‬‫حال‬،‫حاضر‬‫تولید‬‫و‬
‫استفاده‬‫از‬‫يمایه‬‫پنیرهای‬،‫يمیکروبی‬‫نوترکیب‬‫و‬‫گیاهی‬‫يمورد‬‫توجه‬‫يمحققان‬‫قرار‬‫گرفته‬.‫است‬
‫يمایه‬‫پنیرهای‬‫يمیکروبی‬‫با‬‫وجود‬‫برخی‬،‫يمزایا‬‫يمعایبی‬‫هم‬،‫دارند‬‫يمانند‬‫کاهش‬‫بازده‬‫تولید‬‫پنیر‬‫در‬
‫حدود‬1‫تا‬2‫درصد‬‫و‬‫فعالیت‬‫پروتئولیتیکی‬‫در‬ .‫بال‬‫زيمینه‬‫يمایه‬‫پنیرهای‬‫با‬‫يمنشا‬‫يمهندسی‬‫ژنتیک‬
‫نیز‬‫يمحدودیت‬‫هایی‬‫برای‬‫يمصرف‬‫کنندگان‬‫وجود‬‫به‬ .‫دارد‬‫طوری‬‫که‬‫قوانین‬‫يموجود‬‫در‬‫برخی‬
‫کشورهای‬‫اروپایی‬‫از‬‫جمله‬‫کشورهای‬،‫آلمان‬‫هلند‬‫و‬‫فرانسه‬‫استفاده‬‫از‬‫يمایه‬‫پنیر‬‫حاصل‬‫از‬
‫میکروارگانیسم‬‫های‬‫اصل ح‬‫شده‬‫ی‬‫ژنتیکی‬‫را‬‫منع‬‫کرده‬‫مایه‬ .‫اند‬‫پنیرهای‬‫حاصل‬‫از‬‫گیاهان‬‫یکی‬
‫دیگر‬‫از‬‫انواع‬‫مایه‬‫پنیر‬‫ویژگی‬ .‫است‬‫منحصر‬‫به‬‫فرد‬‫پروتئازهای‬‫گیاهی‬‫داشتن‬‫زنجیره‬‫اضافی‬
‫با‬100‫اسید‬‫آمینه‬‫است‬‫که‬‫در‬‫پروتئازهای‬‫با‬‫منشا‬‫حیوانی‬‫و‬‫گیاهی‬‫وجود‬‫از‬ .‫ندارد‬‫دیگر‬‫مزیت‬-
‫های‬‫آنزیم‬‫های‬‫گیاهی‬‫بالتر‬‫بودن‬‫دمای‬‫بهینه‬‫فعالیت‬‫این‬‫آنزیم‬‫ها‬‫در‬‫مواردی‬‫است‬‫که‬‫عملیات‬
‫پنیرسازی‬‫با‬‫فرآیند‬‫حرارتی‬‫توام‬‫در‬ .‫است‬‫این‬‫پژوهش‬‫هدف‬‫استفاده‬‫از‬‫عصاره‬‫گیاه‬‫گزنه‬‫و‬
‫که‬ )‫کاروس‬‫غنی‬‫از‬‫پروتئاز‬‫می‬‫در‬ (‫باشند‬‫تولید‬‫پنیر‬‫فراپالیش‬‫شده‬‫و‬‫بررسی‬‫ویژگی‬‫های‬‫بافتی‬‫و‬
‫حسی‬‫در‬‫پنیرهای‬‫تولیدی‬‫می‬‫باشد‬
‫نظريه‬‫اوليه‬‫گروه‬:
‫امضاء‬‫مدير‬‫گروه‬
‫تــاريــخ‬

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