American Institute of Architects Committee on the Envrinment
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22 de Apr de 2015•0 gostou•487 visualizações
American Institute of Architects Committee on the Envrinment
22 de Apr de 2015•0 gostou•487 visualizações
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Engagement Coordinator Megan Hoye gave a presentation on CEE's research projects to the American Institute of Architects Minnesota's, Committee on the Environment.
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American Institute of Architects Committee on the Envrinment
- 1. Center for Energy and Environment AIA COTE | April 2015 A leading research center providing technical expertise and tools for building and energy professionals Megan Hoye, LEED AP Innovation Exchange, Engagement Coordinator
- 2. Pg. 2 35+ Years of Clean Energy Accomplishments Program Design and Delivery 80,000 Residential Customers Supervised and tested 13,300 homes in the Sound Insulation Program Completed over 10,500 lighting retrofits resulting in $98M annual savings Lending Center 25,000 loans totaling over $190M Close over 800 loans annually Average loan amount is $8,000 Engineering Services Independent 3rd party investigators Investigated over 30M square feet of buildings Average building sees a less then 2 year payback Research Nationally recognized Research informs all of our programs Published over 125 technical papers
- 3. Pg. 3
- 4. Pg. 4 PRIMARY TAKEAWAY: • Our Work Is Synergistic • We provide feedback from the back end • You provide feedback from the front end • Making a push for more designer-friendly research findings • Historically existing building research • Evolving dissemination • Wide range of audiences • Opportunities for future collaboration & feedback
- 5. Pg. 5 Acknowledgements Administers MN Conservation Applied Research & Development (CARD) grants
- 6. Pg. 6 Research Project Snapshot Commercial Envelope Air Leakage RTU Cold Climate Optimization Duct Leakage Window Retrofits Condensing Boiler Optimization* ERV Performance* Indoor Pool Equip. Efficiency* Small Data Center Loads Plug-Load Controls RTU Baseline Performance Hot Water Recirculation Energy Code Compliance* Multifamily Multifamily Ventilation Multifamily Aerosol Sealing Single-Family Tankless Water Heaters Heat Pump Water Heaters Air Source Heat Pumps Condensing Boiler RCx High Efficiency Furnace Retrofits 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 *Projects that are applicable to multifamily buildings as well as other commercial buildings types. CARD Project Timeline A snapshop of CEE’s contribution to Conservation Applied Research & Developmen (CARD): Supported in part by grant funding from the Minnesota Department of Commerce, Division of Energy Resources, these projects aim to improve utility conservation programs, identify new energy savings technologies, and document impacts from energy saving measures. Projects By Expertise Area Mechanical Systems & Special Equipment 16% Building Envelope 68% 11% Completed projectsFinal reports available online Plug-Loads & Behavior 5% Program Piloting ommercial Envelope Air Leakage RTU Cold Climate Optimization Duct Leakage Window Retrofits Condensing Boiler Optimization* ERV Performance* ndoor Pool Equip. Efficiency* Small Data Center Loads Plug-Load Controls RTU Baseline Performance Hot Water Recirculation Energy Code Compliance* ultifamily Multifamily Ventilation Multifamily Aerosol Sealing ngle-Family Tankless Water Heaters Heat Pump Water Heaters Air Source Heat Pumps Condensing Boiler RCx High Efficiency Furnace Retrofits 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 ojects that are applicable to multifamily buildings as well as other commercial buildings types. CARD Project Timeline napshop of CEE’s contribution to Conservation Applied Research & Developmen (CARD): pported in part by grant funding from the Minnesota Department of Commerce, Division of Energy sources, these projects aim to improve utility conservation programs, identify new energy savings hnologies, and document impacts from energy saving measures. Projects By Expertise Area Mechanical Systems & Special Equipment 16% Building Envelope 68% 11% Completed projectsFinal reports available online Plug-Loads & Behavior 5% Program Piloting Commercial Envelope Air Leakage RTU Cold Climate Optimization Duct Leakage Window Retrofits Condensing Boiler Optimization* ERV Performance* Indoor Pool Equip. Efficiency* Small Data Center Loads Plug-Load Controls RTU Baseline Performance Hot Water Recirculation Energy Code Compliance* Multifamily Multifamily Ventilation Multifamily Aerosol Sealing Single-Family Tankless Water Heaters Heat Pump Water Heaters Air Source Heat Pumps Condensing Boiler RCx 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 CARD Project Timeline A snapshop of CEE’s contribution to Conservation Applied Research & Developmen (CARD): Supported in part by grant funding from the Minnesota Department of Commerce, Division of Energy Resources, these projects aim to improve utility conservation programs, identify new energy savings technologies, and document impacts from energy saving measures. Projects By Expertise Area Mechanical Systems & Special Equipment 16% Building Envelope 68% 11% Plug-Load Behavior 5% Program P ommercial Envelope Air Leakage RTU Cold Climate Optimization Duct Leakage Window Retrofits Condensing Boiler Optimization* ERV Performance* ndoor Pool Equip. Efficiency* Small Data Center Loads Plug-Load Controls RTU Baseline Performance Hot Water Recirculation Energy Code Compliance* Multifamily Multifamily Ventilation Multifamily Aerosol Sealing ingle-Family Tankless Water Heaters Heat Pump Water Heaters Air Source Heat Pumps Condensing Boiler RCx 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 CARD Project Timeline snapshop of CEE’s contribution to Conservation Applied Research & Developmen (CARD): upported in part by grant funding from the Minnesota Department of Commerce, Division of Energy esources, these projects aim to improve utility conservation programs, identify new energy savings chnologies, and document impacts from energy saving measures. Projects By Expertise Area Mechanical Systems & Special Equipment 16% Building Envelope 68% 11% Plug-Loads & Behavior 5% Program Piloting
- 7. Pg. 7 Recent Commercial Building Research Building Envelope Space Conditioning Equipment Plug-Loads Window Retrofits Envelope Air Leakage Multifamily Aerosol Sealing Energy Code Support Duct Leakage ERVs Indoor Pool Equipment Hot Water Recirculation Condensing Boilers Roof-Top Units Data Center Loads Plug-Load Controls 2015 20162014 2017 *Anticipated research end dates
- 8. Pg. 8 Recent Commercial Building Research Building Envelope Space Conditioning Equipment Plug-Loads Window Retrofits Envelope Air Leakage Multifamily Aerosol Sealing Energy Code Support Duct Leakage ERVs Indoor Pool Equipment Hot Water Recirculation Condensing Boilers Roof-Top Units Data Center Loads Plug-Load Controls 2015 20162014 2017 *Anticipated research end dates
- 9. Pg. 9 Duct Sealing • Develop building characterizations to ID affordable opportunities Energy Code Support • Affordability of supporting high-impact energy measures • pilot technical tools to enhance compliance Window Retrofits • Test viability of window films & panels as low-cost alternative 1 2 3 Building Focused 1 2 3
- 10. Pg. 10 Optimized Pool Operation • Improve recommissioning (RCx) • Operator training opportunities Hot Water Recirculation • Test demand controllers in hotels • Occupant comfort & achievable energy savings 21 Equipment Focused 1 2 3 Duct Leakage • Quantify potential energy savings • Cost-effective techniques for sealing
- 11. Pg. 11 Small Data Center Efficiency (SDCEs) • Characterize server rooms in Minnesota • Test outreach, training, & incentives 1 Plug-Load Focused 1
- 12. Pg. 12 How to think about our research… 1. Feedback From The Field better building & design team knowledge 2. Design Implications & Best Practices for integrating into your design process & specifications 3. Potential Utility Resources direct tools, technical support, or incentive opportunities
- 13. IMPROVING ENERGY RECOVERY VENTILATION PERFORMANCE Feedback From the Field
- 14. Pg. 14 Energy Recovery Ventilators (ERVs)
- 15. Pg. 15 Project Objectives • Identify common problems that diminish ERV performance in Minnesota buildings • Develop protocols and tools to optimize ERV performance • Commissioning & recommissioning guides • Maintenance & facility operator guides • Savings & retrofit cost calculators • Disseminate results
- 16. Pg. 16 Operational Issues Encountered • 4 of 5 sites experiencing control issues • 2 sites – controls prevent any energy recovery • 1 site – absent economizing mode • 1 site with part failure diminishing energy recovery • Majority of sites have fouling filters • 1 site with several design & building integration issues that reduce energy recovery • 4 of 5 sites recovering less than 75% of expectations, 3 sites less than 50% & 2 sites less than 10%!
- 17. Pg. 17 Implementation (In Progress) • Updated control sequences, maintenance routines, and part replacements are underway • Additional recommendations are expected for sites with major issues preventing energy recovery • Post-monitoring to calculate improvements to performance and recovered energy • Commissioning, recommissioning, maintenance & facility best practices and operating guides
- 18. Pg. 18 How to use this feedback: • NOTE: ERVs more commonly underperform than perform as intended • CONSIDER & APPLY: Weigh the value with your client & design team • Could project budget be better allocated towards other energy saving opportunities? • TOOLS: Convey to building owner the value of operation according to a manual • Helps build trust and additional services with client
- 19. PLUG-LOAD CONTROLS Design Implications & Best Practices
- 20. Pg. 20 Plug-Load Controls Test a variety of plug-load reduction strategies: • Energy savings • User satisfaction • Characterization survey of 30-50 office buildings for plug-load details • Pilot plug-load reduction strategies in 8-12 offices against baseline
- 21. Pg. 21 How to use this feedback: *Study just started • NOTE: TBD • CONSIDER & APPLY: Specify new & most effective plug-load reduction devices • Implications for room adjacencies? • TOOLS: List of most cost-effective products & product characteristics • Potential for future rebates?
- 22. ENVELOPE AEROSOL SEALING FOR MULTIFAMILY UNITS Research Collaboration Opportunities
- 23. Pg. 23 Envelope Aerosol Sealing • Pressurize apartment unit • Spray air sealing fog • Sealant particles build up on gap edges
- 24. Pg. 24 Preliminary Results • Air tightness result: 114 to 25 CFM50 total unit leakage (8 units sealed) • Averaged 0.45 ACH50 • 78% to 95% tighter than the new code requirement of 3.0 ACH50 • 12-13 times tighter than Energy Star requirement for multifamily
- 26. Pg. 26 Big Impact Technology! Proven Benefits • Reduced mid and high range noise transfer • Reduced odor transfer • Improved comfort • Simultaneous air leakage testing ensures results • Expedited process, labor savings potential Additional Concerns Being Tested • Cost • Not for large air leak gaps • New construction or rehab only? • Balanced ventilation is crucial
- 27. Pg. 27 How to use this feedback: *Research in progress • NOTE: A potentially game changing technology for multifamily and hotel buildings • CONSIDER & APPLY: Specify aerosol sealing for energy, sound, & odor benefits • Project types most ripe for application (e.g. luxury condos) • Implications for holistic design • TOOLS: Specification language & training for contractors in the field? • Rebates?
- 28. ROOF TOP UNIT OPTIMIZATION Future Utility Resources
- 29. Pg. 29 RTU Market • 46% of all commercial space conditioned by RTU’s • 2.7 billion ft2 of commercial retail floor space (CBECS 2003) • Wide variety of applications • Office • Commercial • Manufacturing • Industrial • Warehouse • Retail • Medical
- 30. Pg. 30 RTU’s are widely used Source: Google maps 2050
- 31. Pg. 31 Goals of our study • Evaluate available advanced RTU controls • For efficiency • For cost-effectiveness • For large scale delivery for CIP offering • Focus on issues & opportunities specifically for a cold climate • Collect & evaluate performance data • Energy savings potential
- 32. Pg. 32 Findings: Electric Savings OPPORTUNITY FOR SAVINGS
- 33. Pg. 33 Findings: Natural Gas Savings INCONCLUSIVE Finding
- 35. Pg. 35 Key Findings • All technologies achieved significant electric savings • Gas savings were negative or statistically insignificant • Advanced controls did not achieve cost-effective energy savings • Larger units with more operation would improve cost effectiveness • Optimization packages are not “one size fits all” • Market is rapidly expanding • New innovation • Product maturity
- 36. Pg. 36 How to use this feedback: • NOTE: Rooftop units now have real optimization opportunities in cold climates • CONSIDER & APPLY: Consider building type & recommend cost effective new or retrofit RTU controls • TOOLS: There may be utility rebate opportunities in the future • Bring these financial resources to client’s attention
- 37. Pg. 37
- 38. Pg. 38
- 39. Pg. 39
- 40. Pg. 40 Questions, Feedback & Discussion
- 41. Megan Hoye | mhoye@mncee.org
Notas do Editor
- Bridget = Beginning to Lending Center & Policy section Judy = Lending Center through the IX
- Program design & delivery: Supervised and tested 13,300 homes in the Sound Insulation Program
- A national leader in cold climate energy research 2. Field based feedback and findings
- Historically not so great at dissemination Broad audience – trying to bring more takeaways for arch/engineers in design stages
- We would like to acknowledge and thank the MN Division of Energy Resources and the Conservation Applied Research & Development (CARD) support that funded this research.
- -all of these are commercial building focused
- -all of these are commercial building focused
- Roof-Top Unit Optimization Achievable energy savings Characterize building types with greatest energy saving potential
- Literature suggests that ERV systems may not perform to expectations. Through existing ERV data, newly acquired ERV data, and two phases of field work, we will identify and fix common operational issues that reduce ERV effectiveness in Commercial & Institutional Minnesota buildings. We will monitor buildings with ERV systems with an emphasis on those with typical operational issues. We will recommend and complete retrofits to correct these issues and continue monitoring to validate the changes. Our experience on issues found during this project will be used to develop a commissioning guide for new installations to help assure efficient ERV operation for utility incentive programs. We will develop recommissioning guidelines for identifying and correcting issues in existing buildings. We will develop guidelines for the proper maintenance and operation of ERV systems. These guides will enable utilities with energy recovery ventilator incentive programs to achieve the specified efficiency of installed systems. Savings and retrofit cost calculators tools can be used by utility CIP recommissioning program providers to ensure that their full energy savings potential is achieved. The iterative two phase approach of this study will enable us to inform Phase II based on draft guides and results from Phase I. These tools will be disseminated via the IX website, the published guides themselves, as well as webinars on the use of these guides and our finding and recommendations.
- Monitored sites have showed problems endemic of ERV data resulting in significant penalties for energy recovery compared to expectations. Two sites with excessive filter fouling, one with clogged filters blown out of filter rack, fouling sensors and ERV surface area Two sites with fouled (& inaccurate) velocity sensors used for system control
- Concept: A recently developed technology at UC Davis for -automating the envelope sealing process -process involves briefly pressurizing a building to normal testing pressures while applying an aerosol “fog” to the building interior. -As the air escapes through leaks in the exterior shell of the building (including leaks between apartments), the aerosolized sealant is transported to the leaks, and seals them as it tries to escape. -Existing blower door equipment is used to facilitate the sealing process as well as to provide real-time feedback and a permanent record of the sealing that is occurring. -This technology is thus capable of simultaneously measuring, locating, and sealing leaks in a building envelope (using aerosol particles has been successfully tested in the laboratory and demonstrated in full-scale applications. The aerosol envelope sealing e providing permanent documentation of the sealing process.)
- The sealant worked very well, sealing the units 78% to 95% tighter than new code requirement of 3.0 ACH50. Blower door fan was measuring between 25 cfm to 114 cfm at 50 pascals after sealing. Approx 1,000ft2 apts Before air-sealing tightness: 2.0-2.9 ACH50 (433 CFM50)
- How does material age? Toxicity? “low ingestion hazard” Main issue: person who works with it day-to-day. Rubber gloves and respirator when airing out unit.