Cryptographicalgorithms

Cryptographic Algorithms By: Kirti Chawla

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],What is a Cipher or Crypto-algorithm ? A method or system for transforming given information in order to conceal its meaning.

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Transposition ciphers Prologue Substitution ciphers Transposition Substitution Computers Can Only Execute Answers CCOEAoan xnmnlesp _ycwu__u et__tre_ _ess____ Computers Can Only Execute Answers Frpsxwhuv Fdq Rqob Hahfxwh Dqvzhuv

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Algorithms Genealogy Algorithms Ciphers Authenticators Asymmetric Symmetric DESDES AES IDEA RC6 BlowFish … … … RSA ELGAMAL … SHA MD5 …

Algorithmic Parlance ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Strong Open Key-oriented

At the heart of Algorithms ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Methods to do Categories Directional Behavior Anomalous Behavior Handling Key Management Controlled Chaos Creation Deciding Operations ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Deciding Operations ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],This is secret message This is key Axaw sa dawawt sazawcsr This is secret message X 7 + x 5 + x 2 + 1 This is key Axaw sa dawawt sazawcsr This is secret message Factorized key 1 Factorized key 2 Axaw sa dawawt sazawcsr Simple XOR Modular arithmetic with polynomials Relative prime factors

Controlled Chaos Creation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],S-box P-box Inversion Data distribution/redundancy 1010 (data) 001 1010 001 1010 0101(data) 1010 001 1010 001

Key Management ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Self-generation Ask from user 1010 (data) 1010 XOR 11 = 1001 0101 (data) 0101 XOR 11 = 0110 Key organization 1010 0000 1010 1111 0000 1011 (key) 1010 0000 1010 (key) Key protection 1010 0000 1010 1111 0000 1011 (key) 1010 0000 1010 1111 0000 1010 1010

Anomalous Behavior Handling ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Buffer management Padding Boundary cases State management ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],If the input data or key are not exactly fulfilling the algorithm requirements, lets say required input is of multiple of 2 and > 512 bit, but user does not provide … ! U/SIGN-INT * U/SIGN-INT > 65536/32768 If the algorithm works in various stages, each stage signifying a state and regurgitating partially (weak) cipher-text and hence making possible ‘interleaving’… !

Directional Behavior ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Hash or one time PADs Bi-directionality ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Symmetric Ciphers ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Asymmetric Ciphers ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Authenticators ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Egyptian pictorial substitution Caesar cipher Cipher cylinders Enigma DES/… algorithms

Cryptographicalgorithms

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Cryptographicalgorithms