Understanding Communication Through Transmission and Ritual Views
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Its a first PPT for our Online course "Communication for Development". It explores communication as a concept.
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Understanding Communication Through Transmission and Ritual Views
- 1. Mira K Desai Associate Professor University Department of Extension Education S.N.D.T. Women’s University Juhu Campus, Mumbai Understanding Communication
- 3. SEEIN G SEEIN G THINKIN G UNDERSTANDINGUNDERSTANDING Words have Meanings. Meanings create world. WATCHIN G WATCHIN G LOOKINGLOOKING
- 4. Wonder is not that mankind comprehends the world, but that the world Is comprehensible. Einstein
- 5. What is Communication? Reality Product Facts, Opinions, Emotions, Ideas… Ideology Technology Process Interaction Exchange
- 6. Communication is….. Sharing of facts, opinions, emotions, ideas Interaction and exchange with self and other or others It is ideology, technology and reality It is a process as well as product It is maintenance of reality and preservation of culture
- 7. Viewpoints to Communication Rhetorical: is Practical art of discourse. Semiotic: is the mediation by signs. Phenomenological: is the experience of dialogue with others. Cybernetic: is the flow of information. Socio-psychological: is interaction of individuals. Socio-cultural: is the production and reproduction of the social order. Critical: is the process in which all assumptions can be challenged.
- 8. Scope of Communication SOCIETY- Mass MASS- Many Groups Institutional/Organisational GROUP- With a group of people INTRA GROUP- Within a group INTER- Between two people INTRA- Self as communicator
- 10. Scope of Communication Communication is not only about oneself It is about two people- Interpersonal There is group communication where number of people interact Mass is number of groups. Communication system and processes are as much about self as about society and culture.
- 11. Elements of Communication = Noise SENDER RECEIVER MESSAGE CHANNEL FEEDBACK Context
- 12. Types of Communication Intra-personal (self) Inter-personal (other) Group (others) Mass (many groups) Personal-InformalPublic-Formal Vocal Non-vocal Written Oral Direct Mediated On-line Off-line Audio-visual Audio Visual One-way Two-way Participatory Upward Downward Horizontal Vertical
- 13. Functions of Communication Information Instruction Entertainment Persuasion Debate and discussion Cultural promotion Integration
- 14. Communication Transmission View Communication links the ways messages are transmitted and received via technology with the composition of these messages (or more broadly, as communicative relationships), and with the analysis of the effects of these communicative acts. Ritual view Communication is a central daily ritual that helps form and sustain communities.
- 16. Transmission Model The first major model for communication came in 1949 by Claude Elwood Shannon and Warren Weaver for Bell Laboratories. Since they were engineers, their focus was on mechanical transmission. For the telephone the channel is a wire, the signal is an electrical current in it, and the transmitter and receiver are the telephone handsets. Noise would include crackling from the wire.
- 18. Communication as Culture James Carey in 1975 stated that communication is a symbolic process by which reality is produced, maintained, repaired, and transformed. We produce reality by symbolic work and then continue to further this reality through processes of breaking and rebuilding.
- 19. Approaches to Communication TRANSMISSION ‘imparting,’ ‘sending,’ ‘transmitting,’ or ‘getting information to others” ‘not toward the extension of messages in space’ ‘not the act of imparting information’ RITUAL ’sharing’, ‘participation’, ‘association’, ‘fellowship’, and ‘the possession of a common faith’ ‘toward the maintenance of society in time’ ‘the representation of shared beliefs’
- 20. Transmission vesus Ritual TRANSMISSION Transportation Sender & Receiver Sent & Received Receiver ‘gets it’ Accuracy of transmission Influence across space RITUAL Ceremony Participants Created and Recreated Shared experience Sense of community Community across timeMetaphor- Role of participants- Role of meaning- Success criterion- Basic function
- 21. Associated Scholars TRANSMISSION Aristotle Shannon and Weaver David Berlo Wilbur Schramm Barnlund Marshal McLuhan RITUAL John Dewey Harold Innis James W. Carrey Ien Ang John Fiske OTHER Scholars: Robert T. Craig, Jürgen Habermas , Jacques Derrida, Theodor W. Adorno, Walter Lippman….many more.
- 22. SELF & OTHER in Interpersonal Communication
- 24. Effective Feedback Focus on specific behaviours Keep it impersonal Keep it goal oriented Make it well timed Ensure understanding Give it direct towards behaviour that is controllable by the recipient
- 25. Process of ‘Listening’ Hearing Focusing on the message Comprehending-Understanding- Interpreting Analysing and Evaluating Responding and NOT Reacting Remembering….remembering….re membering
- 26. Conclusion We now know that communication is process as well as product. Communication is about individual self as well as society at large. Transmission school focus on transfer of information and accuracy of it. Ritual school focus on cultural and sociological processes with communication.