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Understanding Pool & Spa Water Testing

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Test strips, Colorimeters, and test reagents are typically fast and easy to use for testing your pool water. You want them to produce results that are sensitive, accurate, and reliable. With accurate results you can simplify the maintenance of swimming pools and spas, which makes your customers happy. This leaves more time to sell your skills to new customers; and word will spread that you know how to keep a sparkling clean pool.

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UNDERSTANDING POOL & SPA WATER TESTING By Ivars Jaunakais Orlando Pool and Spa Show • February, 2010 R 021710
BEFORE WE BEGIN, I WOULD LIKE TO ASK… ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
TODAY’S TOPICS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
A. DO YOU MAKE YOUR DECISIONS ABOUT POOL OR SPA MAINTENANCE THIS WAY? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
B. DO YOU MAKE YOUR DECISIONS ABOUT POOL OR SPA MAINTENANCE THIS WAY? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
TESTING IS IMPORTANT ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
TESTING TOOLS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
GOALS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object]
THE GOAL is too maintain a pool or spa that … ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
3 THINGS TO MAINTAIN A HEALTHY POOL OR SPA ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
STATE OF FLORIDA 64E-9.004 Operational Requirements ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],STATE OF FLORIDA 64E-9.004 Operational Requirements
[object Object],[object Object],STATE OF FLORIDA 64E-9.004 Operational Requirements
[object Object],[object Object],STATE OF FLORIDA 64E-9.004 Operational Requirements
UNIT OF MEASUREMENTS ,[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],STATE OF FLORIDA 64E-9.004 Operational Requirements
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],STATE OF FLORIDA 64E-9.004 Operational Requirements
CHLORINE VS ORP READING
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],STATE OF FLORIDA 64E-9.004 Operational Requirements
 
 
[object Object],[object Object],STATE OF FLORIDA 64E-9.004 Operational Requirements
[object Object],[object Object],STATE OF FLORIDA 64E-9.004 Operational Requirements
[object Object],[object Object],STATE OF FLORIDA 64E-9.004 Operational Requirements
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],STATE OF FLORIDA 64E-9.004 Operational Requirements
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],STATE OF FLORIDA 64E-9.004 Operational Requirements
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],STATE OF FLORIDA 64E-9.004 Operational Requirements
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],STATE OF FLORIDA 64E-9.004 Operational Requirements
[object Object],STATE OF FLORIDA 64E-9.004 Operational Requirements
[object Object],[object Object],STATE OF FLORIDA 64E-9.004 Operational Requirements
[object Object],[object Object],STATE OF FLORIDA 64E-9.004 Operational Requirements
 
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],STATE OF FLORIDA 64E-9.004 Operational Requirements
 
[object Object],STATE OF FLORIDA 64E-9.004 Operational Requirements
DISINFECTION OF POOL AFTER FECAL ACCIDENT
OTHER BODY FLUIDS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
WATER BALANCE ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
WATER BALANCE 5 FACTORS THAT AFFECT IT ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
WATER BALANCE - pH ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
WATER BALANCE - pH ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
pH VERSUS CHLORINE SPECIES
WATER BALANCE - pH
 
WATER BALANCE - pH What causes pH to go up ,[object Object],[object Object]
TESTING pH ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
TOTAL ALKALINITY (AL) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
TOTAL ALKALINITY (AL) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
TOTAL ALKALINITY (AL) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
TOTAL ALKALINITY (AL) Low Alkalinity can cause ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
TESTING TOTAL ALKALINITY (AL) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
ORDER OF pH & AL ADJUSTMENTS
CALCIUM HARDNESS (CA) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
CALCIUM HARDNESS (CA) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
TESTING CALCIUM HARDNESS (CA) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
CALCIUM HARDNESS (CA)
TOTAL DISSOLVED SOLIDS (TDS) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
TOTAL DISSOLVED SOLIDS (TDS) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
TOTAL DISSOLVED SOLIDS (TDS) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
TOTAL DISSOLVED SOLIDS (TDS) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
TESTING TOTAL DISSOLVED SOLIDS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
TEMPERATURE ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
LANGELIER SATURATION INDEX (SI) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
LANGELIER SATURATION INDEX (SI) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
LANGELIER SATURATION INDEX (SI) ,[object Object],[object Object]
LANGELIER SATURATION INDEX (SI) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
LANGELIER SATURATION INDEX (SI) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
LANGELIER SATURATION INDEX (SI) TABLE
LANGELIER SATURATION INDEX (SI) EXAMPLE ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
LANGELIER SATURATION INDEX (SI) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
LANGELIER SATURATION INDEX (SI) EXAMPLE ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
SANITIZER AND DISINFECTANTS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
CHLORINE ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
CHLORINE ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
GERM INACTIVATION TIME IN 1 PPM CHLORINATED WATER ,[object Object],GERM INACTIVATION TIME E. Coli O157:H7 Bacterium Less than 1 minute Hepatitis A Virus About 16 minutes Giardia Parasite About 45 minutes Cryptosporidium Parasite About 15300 minutes (10.6 days)
BACTERIA REGROWTH
RISK OF ILLNESS
RISK OF ILLNESS
SOURCES OF CHLORINE Chemical Name Chemical Formula Form % Chlorine Chlorine Gas Cl 2 Gas 100% Calcium Hypochlorite Ca(OCl) 2 Solid 65-70% Sodium Hypochlorite NaOCl Liquid ~12%
TYPICAL DEGRADATION RATE OF SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE
ABOUT THE SOURCES OF CHLORINE ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
CHLORINE CHEMSTRY ,[object Object]
HYPOCHLOROUS ACID REACTIONS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
pH VERSUS CHLORINE SPECIES
CHLORINE REACTION ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
COMBINED CHLORINE EQUATIONS ,[object Object]
BREAKPOINT CHLORINATION ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
EUROPEAN DIN REGULATION ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
TOTAL CHLORINE ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
TO ACHIEVE GOOD TEST RESULTS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
US EPA ACCEPTED TEST METHODS (ACCEPTED BY FLORIDA HEALTH DEPARTMENT) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
DPD NOMENCLATURE ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
DPD DELIVERY METHODS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
DPD CHLORINE TESTING ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
TOTAL CHLORINE (TC) = FREE CHLORINE (FC) + COMBINED CHLORINE ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
CHLORINE TESTING ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
COLORIMETER + LIQUID DPD POOLSIDE TESTING PROCEDURE ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
COLORIMETER + DPD-1 POWDER PILLOW POOLSIDE TESTING PROCEDURE ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
COLORIMETER + DPD-1 TABLET POOLSIDE TESTING PROCEDURE ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
COLORIMETER + DPD-1 TEST STRIP POOLSIDE TESTING PROCEDURE ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
NEW DPD METHODOLGY FOR POOLSIDE COMPLIANCE TESTING ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],NEW DPD METHODOLGY FOR POOLSIDE COMPLIANCE TESTING
[object Object],[object Object],NEW DPD METHODOLGY FOR POOLSIDE COMPLIANCE TESTING
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],NEW DPD METHODOLGY FOR POOLSIDE COMPLIANCE TESTING
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],NEW DPD METHODOLGY FOR POOLSIDE COMPLIANCE TESTING
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],NEW DPD METHODOLGY FOR POOLSIDE COMPLIANCE TESTING
FAS DPD POOLSIDE TESTING PROCEDURE ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
SPA WATER CHEMISTRY ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
SPA WATER CHEMISTRY ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
SPA WATER DRAINING ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],= Number of days between drainings 1/3 X 3000 30 = 33
BROMINE ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
BROMINE CHEMISTRY ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
BROMINE ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
BIGUANIDES (PHMB) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
BIGUANIDE (PHMB) TESTING ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
COMMERCIAL CHLORINE GENERATOR ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
COMMERCIAL CHLORINE GENERATOR ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
COMMERCIAL CHLORINE GENERATOR ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
SALT TEST KITS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
OZONE GENERATION ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
OZONE GENERATION ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
IONIZATION OF COPPER AND SILVER ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
IONIZATION OF COPPER AND SILVER ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
COPPER TESTING ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
IRON ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
WHAT IS IRON? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
IRON BECOMES AN ION ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
HOW IRON GETS IN THE WATER ,[object Object],[object Object]
IRON REMOVAL ,[object Object],[object Object]
IRON TESTING ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
HOW AN IRON TEST WORKS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
PHOSPHATE IS? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
PHOSPHATE BECOMES AN ION ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
HOW PHOSPHATE GETS IN WATER ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
ANOTHER WAY TO CONTROL ALGAE GROWTH ,[object Object]
CONTROL ALGAE BY CONTROLLING PHOSPHATE ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
SALTS THAT REMOVE PHOSPHATES ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
LATHANUM SALTS (chloride & sulfate) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
HOW TO KEEP POOLS PHOSPHATE FREE ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
PHOSPHATE TESTING ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
TURBIDITY ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
TEST METHOD Turbidometric Tester ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
BACTERIA ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
18 MINUTE BACTERIA TEST ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
 
 
 
 
COLORIMETIC TESTS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
LIMIT OF DETECTION (LOD) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
TEST METHOD #1 Colorimeter and Reagent Most accurate DPD method ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
TEST METHOD #2 Colorimetric Visual using Titration Commonly used DPD method ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
TEST METHOD #3 Colorimetric reagent with color chart comparator ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
TEST METHOD #4 Colorimetric visual test strips with color chart ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
TEST METHODS AND EQUIPMENT Considerations for Kit ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
TEST KIT PERFORMANCE IN A LAB ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
TEST KIT PERFORMANCE POOLSIDE ( Challenges) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
TEST METHODS AND EQUIPMENT Considerations for Method ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
TESTING TECHNIQUES (best practices) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
TESTING GUIDELINES (best practices) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
TESTING GUIDELINES (best practices) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
HELPFUL RESOURCES ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
STRIVE FOR BEST RESULTS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Any Questions? Ivars Jaunakais – Chief Analytical Chemist [email_address] www.sensafe.com THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION !

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