The Future of Library RFID - a Personal View
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The document discusses the future of RFID technology in libraries. It recaps current major uses of RFID like self-service loans and security. The technology is changing with developments like Near Field Communication that allows smartphones to interact directly with RFID tags. This could enable staff-less libraries controlled entirely by mobile apps. New players are entering the market beyond traditional suppliers, and fully integrated library services may be provided through mobile devices rather than physical infrastructure alone.
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The Future of Library RFID - a Personal View
- 1. ChangingLibraries The Future of RFID? A personal view. Mick Fortune, April 8 2016
- 2. ChangingLibraries Topics • Where are we now? – A Quick Recap • A Changing Landscape – 1. The Technology – 2. The Players • Conclusions.
- 3. ChangingLibraries Where are we now?
- 4. ChangingLibraries Major Uses • Self-Service Loans, Returns, Renewals using kiosk (98%) • Security (88%) • Collection Management (74%) • Acquisition/Accessions (29%) • Returns Sorting (28%) (source: 2014 Global RFID survey - http://www.mickfortune.com/Wordpress/?p=1093)
- 5. ChangingLibraries Competing RFID Technologies • USA, UK, Europe, Australia & New Zealand – Mostly HF frequency, passive tags – Based on ISO 28560-2 or 28560-3 – National data models – Operates with LMS • China, India, Japan – Higher incidence of UHF tags – Some based on ISO 28560-4 – Mostly single numeric ID data – Stand alone
- 6. ChangingLibraries A Word about Access Control • Many academic institutions stated that they use RFID for access control. • Majority were based on MIFARE or DESFIRE smartcard standards. • Smartphone access increasing in popularity. (Image courtesy of Grosvenor Technology)
- 7. ChangingLibraries A Changing Landscape 1. The Technology
- 8. ChangingLibraries Near Field Communication (NFC) • What is it? • What are its uses/limitations?
- 9. ChangingLibraries What is it? “RFID is the process by which items are uniquely identified using radio waves, and NFC is a specialized subset within the family of RFID technology. Specifically, NFC is a branch of High-Frequency (HF) RFID, and both operate at the 13.56 MHz frequency. NFC is designed to be a secure form of data exchange, and an NFC device is capable of being both an NFC reader and an NFC tag. This unique feature allows NFC devices to communicate peer-to-peer.” (Source: RFID Insider http://blog.atlasrfidstore.com/rfid-vs-nfc)
- 10. ChangingLibraries What does that mean for me? • Put very simply, NFC devices can now read and write data directly to library RFID tags. • Meaning your stock can now be modified by anyone with an NFC enabled smartphone – this is both a good thing, and a bad thing.
- 11. ChangingLibraries What are its uses/limitations? • Can interact directly with stock (no need for kiosks). • Stock itself can become a discovery tool. • “Near Field” means exactly that – practically touching. (Think Oyster card, Apple Pay) • This may limit functionality.
- 12. ChangingLibraries Bluetooth + RFID • New devices extend conventional RFID to smartphones using bluetooth. (Image courtesy of Solus Ltd. and University of West London.)
- 13. ChangingLibraries More integrated solutions? • Access control, issue, return, discovery are all going mobile. • Better integration will require better, more open ways of working. • The Library Communication Framework is an important step toward better integration.
- 14. ChangingLibraries The LCF • Replacement for SIP • Faster, secure, more functional • Supported by industry - and the profession.
- 15. ChangingLibraries A Changing Landscape 2. The Players
- 16. ChangingLibraries Who are the “suppliers” now? • Traditional (Current Market Share%) – Bibliotheca & 3M (78%) – D Tech (9%) – 2CQR (8%) – Others (5%) • “New” players – Solus, Boopsie, LMS companies – ICT staff (and students?) – Enthusiasts/Hackers – You?
- 17. ChangingLibraries New Services - Staff-less Libraries(1) “open+ is a complete solution that works with your existing library infrastructure, providing the ability to automatically maintain and control self-service kiosks, public access computers, lighting, security; in fact most library equipment. Providing the flexibility to open and close the library, without the need for any staff to be on site, open+ allows you to maintain or extend your library opening hours as you choose.” (my emphasis) http://www.bibliotheca.com/3/index.php/en-uk/our-solutions/24- hour-library-open
- 18. ChangingLibraries New Services - Staff-less Libraries(2) • “accessIT™ is an advanced library building management solution, enhancing the existing library infrastructure. accessIT™ allows you to automatically control the length of time that users can experience in a library. • The solution is capable of managing all services enabling extended unstaffed access on days and times of your choice. accessIT™ will allow your library service to evolve and extend into the community, providing an opportunity for new libraries to open and remain open longer.” (my emphasis) http://d-techinternational.com/products/advanced-library-control- management-solutions/
- 19. ChangingLibraries Other New Products & Services – Lockers/laptop loans – E books (incl. book selection) – Discovery systems – Online services integration – Delivery hubs for non library services – Smartphone apps for, • Loan management, Inventory, Discovery …and more to come
- 21. ChangingLibraries RFID – not just for identification anymore • Smartphones and tablets may subvert “traditional” systems by taking the library, and its services, mobile. • RFID, NFC and mobile apps can now unite the physical and virtual resources of the library. • Smartphone RFID/NFC access control may replace borrower cards – enabling staff- less libraries.
- 22. ChangingLibraries Considerations • How will LMS suppliers react to incursions from the RFID market? • How will procurement procedures change to reflect new ways of buying solutions? • Will librarians decide the future shape of the systems landscape – or suppliers?
- 23. ChangingLibraries Interesting times? e: mick@mickfortune.com b: http://mickfortune.com/Wordpress w: http://www.libraryrfid.co.uk t: +44 7786 625544 @mickfortune
Notas do Editor
- Two aspects to the future of RFID - the technology and the suppliers. RFID is often used as shorthand for anything supplied by the companies that sell RFID self-service circulation but in fact much of what they now offer has little to do with using that technology. Today I want to talk about both the changes in technology and the changes in what RFID suppliers are offering.
- The main uses for RFID have not changed much for several years now. These figures show the split between major uses as reported in the last survey I carried out in 2014. There were (are) a number of other niche solutions for using RFID – linking items to social media, drive-in book drops etc. but these are not widely used, yet.
- Likewise there is still a considerable divide between the major library markets, mostly determined by the presence or absence of legacy systems. China remains very loyal to UHF solutions often based on stand alone circulation, the U.K. is however 99.99% LMS linked – mostly using the now ageing SIP protocol.
- RFID access control has been around for years – so far as an entirely separate subsystem from other library systems – however mobile technology may soon change this state of affairs – as we shall see.
- The latest and probably most significant change in RFID world is the increasing presence of NFC in mobile devices.
- Here's a definition – there's a longer version on their website
- This is what it means for libraries. Anyone with the right software can now change the data on your tags. This makes both development, and sabotage, much easier.
- First two points are examples of opportunities created by NFC. Readers can access related materials directly from browsing the shelves. However the limitations on range make other uses – like taking inventory – more difficult.
- Ways around the range problem include RFID “amplifiers” connected via Bluetooth to smartphone ‘apps’. Think of this as a very small kiosk!
- As applications go mobile smartphones effectively become a means of integrating services and applications. LCF may help us integrate mobile technologies – but it's trying to do much more than that
- LCF – what it is. Supported by CILIP, and the Libraries Task Force – plus all major UK LMS and RFID suppliers except Proquest/Ex Libris.
- Both an RFID and non-RFID problem
- Perhaps the most interesting area of interest for RFID fans! Who exactly are the players now? And what are they trying to sell/offer you? The main suppliers in the UK are much the same, but consolidating. Interestingly the response elsewhere has been proliferation rather than reduction of options.
- “Traditional” suppliers seem very eager to deliver 24/7 access to unstaffed access.
- Another example from another UK company currently trying to make it big in the USA
- RFID suppliers have moved away from the technology to offer a range of new products and services, many of them not dependent on RFID technology at all. The common thread seems to be to position themselves as system providers for the digital age whilst leaving the awkward task of managing The decline of physical collections to the LMS providers.
- Library technology is changing rapidly – and so are the companies that supply it. The mobile market is set to have a major impact on how and where services are provided. In the library they can breathe life and relevance into existing physical collections by making them “live”.
- These are challenging times for both suppliers and librarians. Assembling the components required to build a 21st century library service will require a greater clarity of thought and understanding than ever. It’s all a question of control – who will decide what our libraries will be?