1. Architecture 109
FIRST YEAR SEMINAR IN ARCHITECTURE

2. Source Types
UNDERSTANDING THE INFORMATION
CYCLE

3. What is a Source?
A place, person, or thing from which
information comes or can be obtained
Examples: book, article, photograph,
interview, manuscript, letter, diary/journal,
advertisement, architectural plan, building,
monument, epigraphic inscription, drawing,
utilitarian object

4. Three Types of Sources
 Primary Sources
Information in its original form when it first
appears
 Secondary Sources
Restates, rearranges, examines, or
interprets information from one or more
primary sources
 Tertiary Sources
Leads you to secondary sources

5. Primary Sources
 Has not been published anywhere else or put into a context, interpreted,
filtered, condensed, or evaluated by anyone else
 Examples
 A speech, lecture, or presentation
 Writing by the witness(es) of an event, person, or place
 Newspaper articles
 A diary or journal
 Letters, correspondence, or transcribed conversations
 Artwork, poetry, and other artistic expressions
 An original scientific study
 Historical documents or publications
 The U.S. Constitution
 Maps

6. Secondary Sources
 Has been removed from its original source and repackaged
 Examples
Notes or summary of a speech, lecture, or presentation
Book or journal article analyzing an historical person or event
and attempting to put it in context
Critic’s response to artwork, poetry, and other artistic
expressions
Encyclopedia article on a topic
Newspaper article reporting on a scientific study published
elsewhere
 May also lead you to primary information
Bibliography or index of primary sources

7. Tertiary Sources
 Commonly used to identify and locate secondary
sources
 Examples
Bibliography of critical works about a person,
period, work, or other topic
Index to secondary sources
Print index to journal, magazine, or newspaper
articles
Database (online index to journal, magazine, or
newspaper articles)
Library catalog

8. Information Timeline
 Most Primary Sources are created soon after
an event occurs
 Over time, more Secondary Sources are
created

9. Information Timeline:
Secondary Sources Detail

10. Finding Sources
HOW TO LOCATE THE INFORMATION YOU
NEED

11. Where Do I Find…
PRIMARY SOURCES
 Library’s Catalog
 Library’s Databases
 ARTstor
 Print Indexes
 Archives
 Historical Societies
 Manuscript Collections
 Museums
 Embedded in Secondary Sources
SECONDARY SOURCES
Library’s Catalog
Library’s Databases
 JSTOR
 Arts & Humanities Citation
Index
 Project MUSE
Bibliographies
Print Indexes

12. Research Guides
http://libguides.sdstate.edu/architecture
http://libguides.sdstate.edu/arch109

13. Briggs Map Collection
 Selected full-size maps are available in the Library
 Maps are organized by collection
USGS topographical maps
Sanborn Fire Insurance maps
NGA (formerly DMA) nautical charts
Border Patrol maps
And more
 Collections are arranged by call number or
alphabetically

15. Searching JSTOR
 More than 1,400 scholarly journals from over
50 academic disciplines
 Includes scholarly journals, conference
proceedings, primary source materials, and
(as of 2012) books
 Access JSTOR through the Architecture
Research Guides or the Library’s Databases
A-Z List
JSTOR

16. Citing Sources
GIVE CREDIT WHERE CREDIT’S DUE

17. Why do we cite sources?
What is the purpose of citation?
What benefit does it have?

18. Reasons to Cite
 Demonstrate your integrity and skill as a
responsible participant in your field
 Lend authority to your work by relating your ideas
to those of other researchers
 Help readers understand the context of your
argument and locate other sources on the topic
 Give the author credit for their work – research
and publication are labor intensive!

19. Scholarly Communication
Research
Builds on the
Work of Others

20. Scholarly Communication
 Conversations
Build Over
Time
 Take Part in the
Conversation

21. Parts of a Citation

22. MLA and Chicago Style
 Murphy, Cullen. "Women and
the Bible." Atlantic Monthly
Aug. 1993: 39-64. Print.
 (Murphy 42)
 Murphy, Cullen. "Women and
the Bible." Atlantic Monthly
272, no. 2 (1993): 39-64.
 1. Cullen Murphy, "Women
and the Bible," Atlantic
Monthly 272, no. 2 (1993):
39-64.
 2. Murphy, "Women and the
Bible," 42.
 Murphy, Cullen, 1993.
"Women and the Bible."
Atlantic Monthly 272 (2): 39-
64.
 (Murphy 1993, 42)

23. Online Citation Help
http://libguides.
sdstate.edu/ML
AStyle
Purdue Owl
http://libguides.
sdstate.edu/citi
ng
MLA CHICAGO