2. To know more about the pollution of the environment
all over the world.
To learn about the effects it has on us.
To learn how to prevent it for getting worse.
3. Melissa Cani – What is Enviroment Pollution and Air
Pollution. Measures on preveting the pollution from
growing . (Leader)
Ambra Dekovi - Water Pollution
Freskida Gjonaj – Land or soil pollution
Marjan Zhuri – Efects of the pollution on our health.
4. Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into
the natural environment that cause adverse
change. Pollution can take the form of chemical
substances or energy, such as noise, heat or
light. Pollutants, the components of pollution, can be
either foreign substances/energies or naturally
occurring contaminants. Pollution is often classed
as point source or nonpoint source pollution.
5. Air pollution is the introduction of harmful substances
including particulates and biological molecules into Earth's atmosphere. It
may cause diseases, allergies or death in humans; it may also cause harm to
other living organisms such as animals and food crops, and may damage
the natural or built environment. Human activity and natural processes
can both generate air pollution.
• An air pollutant is a substance in the air that can have adverse
effects on humans and the ecosystem. The substance can be solid
particles, liquid droplets, or gases. A pollutant can be of natural
origin or man-made. Pollutants are classified as primary or
secondary. Primary pollutants are usually produced from a process,
such as ash from a volcanic eruption
6. Carbon dioxide (CO2) - This is by far the most emitted form of human
caused air pollution. Although CO2 is currently only about 405 parts
per million in earth's atmosphere, billions of metric tons of CO2 are
emitted annually by burning of fossil fuels.CO2 increase in earth's
atmosphere has been accelerating.
Sulfur oxides (SOx) - particularly sulfur dioxide, a chemical compound
with the formula SO2. SO2 is produced by volcanoes and in various
industrial processes. Coal and petroleum often contain sulfur
compounds, and their combustion generates sulfur dioxide..
Nitrogen oxides (NOx) - Nitrogen oxides, particularly nitrogen dioxide,
are expelled from high temperature combustion, and are also
produced during thunderstorms by electric discharge. They can be
seen as a brown haze dome above or a plume downwind of cities.
Carbon monoxide (CO) - CO is a colorless, odorless, toxic yet non-
irritating gas. It is a product of incomplete combustion of fuel such as
natural gas, coal or wood. Vehicular exhaust is a major source of
carbon monoxide.
7. Stationary sources include smoke stacks of power plants, manufacturing
facilities (factories) and waste incinerators, as well as furnaces and other
types of fuel-burning heating devices. In developing and poor countries,
traditional biomass burning is the major source of air pollutants; traditional
biomass includes wood, crop waste and dung.
Mobile sources include motor vehicles, marine vessels, and aircraft.
Controlled burn practices in agriculture and forest management.
Controlled or prescribed burning is a technique sometimes used in forest
management, farming, prairie restoration or greenhouse gas abatement.
Fumes from paint, hair spray, varnish, aerosol sprays and other solvents
Waste deposition in landfills, which generate methane. Methane is highly
flammable and may form explosive mixtures with air.
Military resources, such as nuclear weapons, toxic gases, germ
warfare and rocketry
Volcanic actDust from natural sources, usually large areas of land with little
or no vegetation
Dust from natural sources, usually large areas of land with little or no
vegetation
8. It weakens the lungs to function well
It causes irritation of eyes, nose, mouth and
throat
It brings on asthma attacks
It causes respiratory symptoms such as coughing
and wheezing
It creates cardiovascular problems
It may cause cancer due to presence of
carcinogenic contents in it
It causes premature death
9.
10. Water pollution is the contamination of water bodies
(e.g. lakes, rivers, oceans, aquifers and groundwater). This form
of environmental degradation occurs when pollutans are directly
or indirectly discharged into water bodies without
adequate treatment to remove harmful compounds.
Water pollution is a major global problem which requires
ongoing evaluation and revision of water resource policy at all
levels.
Water is typically referred to as polluted when it is impaired
by anthropogenic contaminants and either does not support a
human use, such as drinking water, or undergoes a marked shift
in its ability to support its constituent biotic communities, such
as fish. Natural phenomena such as volcanoes, algae blooms,
storms, and earthquakes also cause major changes in water
quality and the ecological status of water.
11. The specific contaminants leading to pollution in water include a wide spectrum
of chemicals, pathogens, and physical changes such as elevated temperature and
discoloration. While many of the chemicals and substances that are regulated may
be naturally occurring (calcium, sodium, iron, manganese, etc.)
the concentration is often the key in determining what is a natural component of
water and what is a contaminant. High concentrations of naturally occurring
substances can have negative impacts on aquatic flora and fauna.
Oxygen-depleting substances may be natural materials such as plant matter (e.g.
leaves and grass) as well as man-made chemicals. Other natural and
anthropogenic substances may cause turbidity (cloudiness) which blocks light and
disrupts plant growth, and clogs the gills of some fish species.
Many of the chemical substances are toxic. Pathogens can produce waterborn
diseases in either human or animal hosts. Alteration of water's physical chemistry
includes acidity , electrical conductivity, temperature, and eutrophication.
Eutrophication is an increase in the concentration of chemical nutrients in an
ecosystem to an extent that increases in the primary productivity of the
ecosystem. Depending on the degree of eutrophication, subsequent negative
environmental effects such as anoxia (oxygen depletion) and severe reductions in
water quality may occur, affecting fish and other animal populations.
12. Rashes, ear ache, pink eye
Infections in respiratory system
Hepatitis, encephalitis, gastroenteritis, diarrhea,
vomiting, and stomach aches
The consumption or contact with polluted water by
the hazardous chemicals causes following diseases
Cancer, including prostate cancer and non-Hodgkin’s
lymphoma
Hormonal problems which may hit reproductive and
developmental processes
Harms to the nervous system
Damage to the liver and kidney
Impairment to the DNA
13.
14. We can define land pollution either narrowly or broadly. Narrowly
defined, it's another term for soil contamination (for example, by
factory chemicals or sewage and other wastewater).
There are many different ways of permanently changing the land, from
soil contamination (poisoning by chemicals or waste) to general
urbanization (the systematic creation of cities and other human
settlements from greenfield, virgin land). Some, such as huge landfills
or quarries, are very obvious; others, such as atmospheric
deposition (where land becomes contaminated when air pollution
falls onto it) are much less apparent. Let's consider the main causes
and types of land pollution in turn.
The simplest effect of land pollution is that it takes land out of
circulation. The more land we use up, the less we have remaining. That
might not sound a problem where there's plenty of land in rural areas,
but it's certainly a concern where productive agricultural land is
concerned, especially as the world's population continues to increase.
The biggest problem comes when contaminated land is returned to
use, either as building or agricultural land. Houses might be built
on brownfield (former industrial) sites that haven't been cleaned up
properly, putting future owners and their families at risk
15.
16. Stop smoking or don't throw your butts on the ground
Drive an electric or hybrid car or at least one that uses
unleaded gasoline.
Keep your car in good running condition to avoid
emissions.
Share a ride or carpool.
Choose to walk or ride a bicycle whenever possible.
Never use open fires to dispose of waste, especially
chemicals and plastic.
Adopt the 3 Rs of solid waste management: reduce, reuse,
and recycle.
Use sustainable, reclaimed, or recycled building
materials.etc
