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FOUNDATION OF 
ENGINEERING
TEXTBOOK 
FOUNDATIONS OF ENGINEERING 
By Mark T. Holtzapple 
& W . Dan Reece
CHAPTER 1 
The Engineers
ENGINEERS? 
individuals who combine science, mathematics and economics 
together to solve problems 
According to A.M. Wellington “the art of doing . . . well with one 
dollar which any bungler can do with two …” 
Cost-consious
ENGINEER AS A PROBLEM 
SOLVER 
Ingenious problem solver 
All humans are engineers 
Engine + Ingenious
THE NEED FOR ENGINEERING 
Resource Stewardship and Utilization 
Man vs nature 
Global Economy 
American Economy, Machine v Labour 
Demilitarization 
Non-military - industry
TECHNOLOGY TEAM 
Scientists 
Who study nature in order to advance human knowledge 
Engineers 
Who apply their knowledge 
Technician 
Who works under Engineers 
Artisans 
Manual skills
ENGINEERING DISCIPLINE 
Civil Nuclear 
Mechanical Architectural 
Electrical Biomedical 
Chemical Computer Science 
Industrial Engineering Technology 
Aerospace Engineering Technicians 
Materials Artisans 
Agriculture
ENGINEERING FUNCTIONS 
Research Engineers Sales Engineers 
Development Engineers Managing Engineers 
Design Engineers Consulting Engineers 
Production Engineers Teaching Engineers 
Testing Engineers 
Construction Engineers 
Operations Engineers
HOW MUCH FORMAL EDUCATION IS 
RIGHT FOR YOU?
THE ENGINEER AS A PROFESSION 
Extensive Intellectual training 
Pass qualifying exam 
Vital skills 
Monopoly 
Autonomy 
Code of ethics
THE ENGINEER AS A PROFESSION 
Engineering Education – 
Knowledge of mathematics, science engineering, design & conduct 
experiments 
Registered Professional Engineer 
More opportunities 
Professional Societies 
To serve engineers interest
THE ENGINEERING METHOD 
QUANLITATIVE MODEL 
MATHEMATICAL MODEL 
DIGITAL COMPUTER MODEL 
ANALOG COMPUTER MODEL 
PHYSICAL MODEL
TRAITS OF A SUCCESSFUL 
ENGINEERS 
Interpersonal Skills Communication Skills 
Leadership Competence 
Logical Thinking Quantitative Thinking 
Follow-Through Common Sense 
Maintaining a Professional Library Dependability 
Honesty Curiosity
CREATIVITY 
Some professor thinks 
Creativity is a talent students are born with and can’t be taught. 
Creativity is hard to grade, can’t be taught. 
We don’t completely understand the creative process
TRAITS OF A CREATIVE ENGINEER 
Stick-to-it-iveness: Don’t give up 
Asks why: Ask Query/Questions 
Never satisfied 
Learn from accidents
CUBE SQUARE LAW 
It states that “The object gets smaller, its volume decreases much 
faster than its area”
LAW OF DIMINISHING RETURN 
With small inputs the outputs increases linearly, but with large inputs 
the output levels off.

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Chapter#1

  • 2. TEXTBOOK FOUNDATIONS OF ENGINEERING By Mark T. Holtzapple & W . Dan Reece
  • 3. CHAPTER 1 The Engineers
  • 4. ENGINEERS? individuals who combine science, mathematics and economics together to solve problems According to A.M. Wellington “the art of doing . . . well with one dollar which any bungler can do with two …” Cost-consious
  • 5. ENGINEER AS A PROBLEM SOLVER Ingenious problem solver All humans are engineers Engine + Ingenious
  • 6. THE NEED FOR ENGINEERING Resource Stewardship and Utilization Man vs nature Global Economy American Economy, Machine v Labour Demilitarization Non-military - industry
  • 7. TECHNOLOGY TEAM Scientists Who study nature in order to advance human knowledge Engineers Who apply their knowledge Technician Who works under Engineers Artisans Manual skills
  • 8. ENGINEERING DISCIPLINE Civil Nuclear Mechanical Architectural Electrical Biomedical Chemical Computer Science Industrial Engineering Technology Aerospace Engineering Technicians Materials Artisans Agriculture
  • 9. ENGINEERING FUNCTIONS Research Engineers Sales Engineers Development Engineers Managing Engineers Design Engineers Consulting Engineers Production Engineers Teaching Engineers Testing Engineers Construction Engineers Operations Engineers
  • 10. HOW MUCH FORMAL EDUCATION IS RIGHT FOR YOU?
  • 11. THE ENGINEER AS A PROFESSION Extensive Intellectual training Pass qualifying exam Vital skills Monopoly Autonomy Code of ethics
  • 12. THE ENGINEER AS A PROFESSION Engineering Education – Knowledge of mathematics, science engineering, design & conduct experiments Registered Professional Engineer More opportunities Professional Societies To serve engineers interest
  • 13. THE ENGINEERING METHOD QUANLITATIVE MODEL MATHEMATICAL MODEL DIGITAL COMPUTER MODEL ANALOG COMPUTER MODEL PHYSICAL MODEL
  • 14. TRAITS OF A SUCCESSFUL ENGINEERS Interpersonal Skills Communication Skills Leadership Competence Logical Thinking Quantitative Thinking Follow-Through Common Sense Maintaining a Professional Library Dependability Honesty Curiosity
  • 15. CREATIVITY Some professor thinks Creativity is a talent students are born with and can’t be taught. Creativity is hard to grade, can’t be taught. We don’t completely understand the creative process
  • 16. TRAITS OF A CREATIVE ENGINEER Stick-to-it-iveness: Don’t give up Asks why: Ask Query/Questions Never satisfied Learn from accidents
  • 17. CUBE SQUARE LAW It states that “The object gets smaller, its volume decreases much faster than its area”
  • 18. LAW OF DIMINISHING RETURN With small inputs the outputs increases linearly, but with large inputs the output levels off.