1. Unit Test Fun: Mock Objects, Fixtures,
Stubs & Dependency Injection
Max Köhler I 02. Dezember 2010
© 2010 Mayflower GmbH

2. Wer macht UnitTests?
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3. Code Coverage?
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4. Wer glaubt, dass die Tests
gut sind?
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5. Kann die Qualität
gesteigert werden?
100%
0%
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6. Test der kompletten
Architektur?
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7. MVC?
Controller
View Model
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8. Wie testet Ihr eure
Models?
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9. Direkter DB-Zugriff?
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10. Keine UnitTests!
STOP
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11. Integration Tests!
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12. Wie testet Ihr eure
Controller?
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13. Routes, Auth-Mock,
Session-Mock, ...?
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14. Keine UnitTests!
STOP
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15. Was wollen wir testen?
Unit Test Fun: Mock Objects, Fixtures, Stubs & Dependency Injection I Mayflower GmbH I 02. Dezember 2010 I 15

16. Integration Regression
Testing Testing
Unit Testing
System - Integration
Testing
Acceptance
Testing
System Testing
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17. The goal of unit testing is
to isolate each part of the
program and show that
the individual parts are
correct
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18. Test Doubles
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19. Stubs
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20. Fake that returns
canned data...
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21. Beispiel für ein Auth-Stub
$storageData = array(
'accountId' => 29,
'username' => 'Hugo',
'jid' => 'hugo@example.org');
$storage = $this->getMock('Zend_Auth_Storage_Session', array('read'));
$storage->expects($this->any())
->method('read')
->will($this->returnValue($storageData));
Zend_Auth::getInstance()->setStorage($storage);
// ...
/*
* Bei jedem Aufruf wird nun das Mock als Storage
* verwendet und dessen Daten ausgelesen
*/
$session = Zend_Auth::getInstance()->getIdentity();
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22. Mocks
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23. Spy with
expectations...
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24. Model Mapper Beispiel
class Application_Model_GuestbookMapper
{
protected $_dbTable;
public function setDbTable(Zend_Db_Table_Abstract $dbTable)
{
$this->_dbTable = $dbTable;
return $this;
}
public function getDbTable()
{
return $this->_dbTable;
}
public function getEmail() {}
public function getComment() {}
public function save(Application_Model_Guestbook $guestbook)
{
$data = array(
'email' => $guestbook->getEmail(),
'comment' => $guestbook->getComment(),
);
$this->getDbTable()->insert($data);
}
}
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25. Testen der save() Funktion
class Applicatoin_Model_GuestbookMapperTest extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase
{
public function testSave()
{
$modelStub = $this->getMock('Application_Model_Guestbook', array('getEmail', ,getComment'));
$modelStub->expects($this->once())
->method('getEmail')
->will($this->returnValue('super@email.de'));
$modelStub->expects($this->once())
->method('getComment')
->will($this->returnValue('super comment'));
$tableMock = $this->getMock('Zend_Db_Table_Abstract', array('insert'), array(), '', false);
$tableMock->expects($this->once())
->method('insert')
->with($this->equalTo(array(
'email' => 'super@email.de',
'comment' => 'super comment')));
$model = new Application_Model_GuestbookMapper();
$model->setDbTable($tableMock); // << MOCK
$model->save($modelStub); // << STUB
}
}
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26. Stub Mock
Fake that Spy with
returns canned !== expectations...
data...
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27. Fixtures
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28. Set the world up
in a known
state ...
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29. Fixture-Beispiel
class Fixture extends PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase
{
protected $fixture;
protected function setUp()
{
$this->fixture = array();
}
public function testEmpty()
{
$this->assertTrue(empty($this->fixture));
}
public function testPush()
{
array_push($this->fixture, 'foo');
$this->assertEquals('foo', $this->fixture[0]);
}
public function testPop()
{
array_push($this->fixture, 'foo');
$this->assertEquals('foo', array_pop($this->fixture));
$this->assertTrue(empty($this->fixture));
}
}
Unit Test Fun: Mock Objects, Fixtures, Stubs & Dependency Injection I Mayflower GmbH I 02. Dezember 2010 I 29

30. Method Stack
Ablauf
public static function setUpBeforeClass() { }
protected function setUp() { }
public function testMyTest() { /* TEST */ }
protected function tearDown() { }
protected function onNotSuccessfulTest(Exception $e) { }
public static function tearDownAfterClass() { }
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31. Test Suite ...
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32. ...wirkt sich auf die
Architektur aus.
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33. Wenn nicht...
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34. Developer
Titel der Präsentation I Mayflower GmbH I xx. Juni 2010 I 34

35. Was kann man machen?
Unit Test Fun: Mock Objects, Fixtures, Stubs & Dependency Injection I Mayflower GmbH I 02. Dezember 2010 I 35

36. Production Code
überarbeiten
Unit Test Fun: Mock Objects, Fixtures, Stubs & Dependency Injection I Mayflower GmbH I 02. Dezember 2010 I 36

37. Dependency Injection
Unit Test Fun: Mock Objects, Fixtures, Stubs & Dependency Injection I Mayflower GmbH I 02. Dezember 2010 I 37

38. Bemerkt?
Unit Test Fun: Mock Objects, Fixtures, Stubs & Dependency Injection I Mayflower GmbH I 02. Dezember 2010 I 38

39. Dependency Injection
class Application_Model_GuestbookMapper
{
protected $_dbTable;
public function setDbTable(Zend_Db_Table_Abstract $dbTable)
{
$this->_dbTable = $dbTable;
return $this;
}
public function getDbTable()
{
return $this->_dbTable;
}
public function getEmail() {}
public function getComment() {}
public function save(Application_Model_Guestbook $guestbook)
{
$data = array(
'email' => $guestbook->getEmail(),
'comment' => $guestbook->getComment(),
);
$this->getDbTable()->insert($data);
}
}
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40. Besser aber ...
Unit Test Fun: Mock Objects, Fixtures, Stubs & Dependency Injection I Mayflower GmbH I 02. Dezember 2010 I 40

41. ... Begeisterung sieht anders aus!
Titel der Präsentation I Mayflower GmbH I xx. Juni 2010 I 41

42. Was könnte noch helfen?
Unit Test Fun: Mock Objects, Fixtures, Stubs & Dependency Injection I Mayflower GmbH I 02. Dezember 2010 I 42

43. TDD?
Test Driven Development
[
~~
[ ~~
~~ ~~
~~ ~~
~~ ~~
~
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44. Probleme früh erkennen!
Unit Test Fun: Mock Objects, Fixtures, Stubs & Dependency Injection I Mayflower GmbH I 02. Dezember 2010 I 44

45. Uncle Bob´s
Three Rules of TDD
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46. #1
“ You are not allowed to write any
production code unless it is to make a
failing unit test pass.
Unit Test Fun: Mock Objects, Fixtures, Stubs & Dependency Injection I Mayflower GmbH I 02. Dezember 2010 I 46

47. #2
“ You are not allowed to write any more of
a unit test than is sufficient to fail; and
compilation failures are failures.
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48. #3
“ You are not allowed to write any more
production code than is sufficient to pass
the one failing unit test.
Unit Test Fun: Mock Objects, Fixtures, Stubs & Dependency Injection I Mayflower GmbH I 02. Dezember 2010 I 48

49. Und wieder...
Unit Test Fun: Mock Objects, Fixtures, Stubs & Dependency Injection I Mayflower GmbH I 02. Dezember 2010 I 49

50. Developer
Titel der Präsentation I Mayflower GmbH I xx. Juni 2010 I 50

51. Und jetzt?
Unit Test Fun: Mock Objects, Fixtures, Stubs & Dependency Injection I Mayflower GmbH I 02. Dezember 2010 I 51

52. Things get worst
before they get
better !
Unit Test Fun: Mock Objects, Fixtures, Stubs & Dependency Injection I Mayflower GmbH I 02. Dezember 2010 I 52

53. Monate später...
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54. Gibts noch was?
Unit Test Fun: Mock Objects, Fixtures, Stubs & Dependency Injection I Mayflower GmbH I 02. Dezember 2010 I 54

55. Darf ich vorstellen:
„Bug“
Unit Test Fun: Mock Objects, Fixtures, Stubs & Dependency Injection I Mayflower GmbH I 02. Dezember 2010 I 55

56. Regression Testing
or
Test your Bugs!
Unit Test Fun: Mock Objects, Fixtures, Stubs & Dependency Injection I Mayflower GmbH I 02. Dezember 2010 I 56

57. Regression Testing
Bug
class Calculate
{
public function divide($dividend, $divisor)
1 {
return $dividend / $divisor;
}
}
2 Warning: Division by zero in /srv/phpunit-slides/Calculate.php on line 7
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58. Regression Testing
Test First!
/**
* Regression-Test BUG-123
*
* @group BUG-123
*
* @return void
3 */
public function testDivideByZero()
{
$calc = new Calculate();
$this->assertEquals(0, $calc->divide(1, 0));
}
Unit Test Fun: Mock Objects, Fixtures, Stubs & Dependency Injection I Mayflower GmbH I 02. Dezember 2010 I 58

59. Regression Testing
Bugfix
class Calculate
{
4 public function divide($dividend, $divisor)
{
if (0 == $divisor) {
return 0;
}
return $dividend / $divisor;
}
}
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60. Regression Testing
phpunit
slides$ phpunit --colors --verbose CalculateTest.php
PHPUnit 3.5.5 by Sebastian Bergmann.
5
CalculateTest
......
Time: 0 seconds, Memory: 5.25Mb
OK (6 tests, 6 assertions)
Unit Test Fun: Mock Objects, Fixtures, Stubs & Dependency Injection I Mayflower GmbH I 02. Dezember 2010 I 60

61. Regression Testing
@group
slides$ phpunit --colors --verbose --group BUG-123 CalculateTest.php
PHPUnit 3.5.5 by Sebastian Bergmann.
?
CalculateTest
.
Time: 0 seconds, Memory: 5.25Mb
OK (1 tests, 1 assertions)
/**
* Regression-Test BUG-123
*
* @group BUG-123
*
* @return void
? */
public function testDivideByZero()
{
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62. Noch Fragen?
Unit Test Fun: Mock Objects, Fixtures, Stubs & Dependency Injection I Mayflower GmbH I 02. Dezember 2010 I 62

63. Quellen
I Baby: ADDROX http://www.flickr.com/photos/addrox/2587484034/sizes/m/
I Fish: ADDROX http://www.flickr.com/photos/addrox/274632284/sizes/m/
I Happy: ADDROX http://www.flickr.com/photos/addrox/2610064689/sizes/m/
I Bug: ADDROX http://www.flickr.com/photos/addrox/284649644/sizes/m/
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64. Vielen Dank für Ihre Aufmerksamkeit!
Kontakt Max Köhler
max.koehler@mayflower.de
+49 89 242054-1160
Mayflower GmbH
Mannhardtstr. 6
80538 München
© 2010 Mayflower GmbH