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  Umer Farooq Dogar
 B.s botany
 University of gujrat
Superstitions:
Definition
 A : A belief or practice      B : An irrational
  resulting from                abject attitude of
  ignorance, fear of the        mind toward the
  unknown, trust in             supernatural, nature,
  magic or chance, or a         or God resulting
  false conception of           from superstition
  causation
   In other words superstitions are beliefs that may
    or may not be true but they were designed to
    explain things that could not be explained

   Superstitions are, in fact belief in the power of
    magic and invisible forces'
   When people believe that hidden powers can bring
    about changes in nature and society ,they are
    superstitious.



   It is strange that even in the new millennium there
    are superstitious, mostly found in villages and
    small towns
   Are superstitions real?

   Are there valid reasons that they aren’t just luck?

                Are they completely crazy?
                       Lets find out!
Lets find out!

   Some common superstitions in our society are
   Friday the 13th – bad luck
   Itchy Palm – Good Luck
   Walking under a Ladder – Bad Luck
   Breaking a Mirror – Bad Luck
   Finding a Horseshoe – Good Luck
   Opening an Umbrella Inside – Bad Luck
   Knock Twice on Wood – Reverses Bad Luck
   . Tossing Spilled Salt over your Shoulder –
    Good Luck
   Black Cats – Bad Luck
   Saying "God Bless You" – Good Luck
Friday the 13th – bad luck

 one of the most common
  superstitions around,
 many apartments and
  hotels omit the 13th floor
  and some airlines fly
  without a 13th row.
 Christ was crucified on a
  Friday.
Itchy Palm – Good Luck
 Some believe that if the right palm itches, you
  will meet someone new,
 while an itchy left palm means that money is
  coming.
 Others say that an itchy right palm means
  money coming in
 a left-handed itch foretells money going out
   The bottom line is, if
    either of your palms
    itch, do not scratch
    them or you will
    counter the effect –
    unless you scratch it
    on lucky wood or
    brass
Walking under a Ladder – Bad
Luck
 It's common sense to avoid walking under an
  open ladder for fear of something falling on you
 But there are superstitious reasons for doing so
  as well
   When you walk though the triangle, you are
    tempting the fates.

    You may also awaken spirits that live within the
    triangle (including evil spirits who may not be
    happy with the disturbance)
    If you do
    accidentally walk
    under a ladder, you
    can counter the bad
    luck by placing your
    thumb between your
    index and middle
    finger.
   Another method is to cross the fingers on both
    hands to call upon the sign of the cross to protect
    you from evil.
Breaking a Mirror – Bad Luck

 • Since a mirror was
     thought to be a
 reflection of the soul,
   breaking a mirror
   was harmful to the
           soul.
 • To counter the ill
  effects, you can take
   the mirror outside
    and bury it in the
       moonlight.
Finding a Horseshoe – Good Luck

   Some people believe
    that this is the
    luckiest of all
    symbols, especially if
    it is found with the
    open end pointing
    toward you.
    If you find one of
    these gems, pick it up
    with your right hand,
    spit on one end, make
    a wish and toss it
    over your left
    shoulder, leaving it
    where it lands
Opening an Umbrella Inside – Bad
Luck
   since it runs the risk of breaking valuable items.

    However, there are also common superstitions
    that prohibit this act as well.

   Umbrellas that shade us from the deified sun are
    considered magical
   When the umbrella is
    opened inside and out
    of the way of sun's
    rays it offends the
    sun god.
   May even signify impending death or ill fortune
    for both the person who opened it and the people
    who live within the home.
Knock Twice on Wood – Reverses
Bad Luck
   Some cultures believed that gods lived in trees.
    When one would ask for a favour from these
    gods, he would lightly touch the bark of the tree.
   To say thank you
    after the favour had
    been granted, he
    would knock lightly
    one more time.
Tossing Spilled Salt over your
     Shoulder – Good Luck


   Salt has always been considered a valuable
    substance capable of purifying and warding off
    evil spirits.
   By tossing spilled
    salt over your left
    shoulder, you are
    driving away the evil
    spirits lurking with
    the intent to cause
    misfortune.
Black Cats – Bad Luck

   This is a tough one for cat lovers to swallow, but
    in the Middle Ages it was thought that witches
    kept black cats as companions.

    Some people even believed that these kitties
    could turn into witches after 7 years.

   Or we may not be able to get our aims.if a black
    cat crossed our way.
   Powerful men like
    Hitler and Napoleon
    Bonaparte were
    prepared to conquer
    nations, but terrified
    of a little black kitty.
Saying "God Bless You" – Good
Luck
   You may think it is etiquette pure and simple,
    but blessing someone after he sneezes is actually
    a common superstition

   In the 6th century, people were congratulated for
    sneezing because it was thought they were
    expelling evil spirits.
God bless you
   Common superstitions still have a place in
    homes across the globe today



   Many of us enjoy finding out the reasons behind
    the rituals to make sense of them.
    Whenever you toss the salt, knock on wood or
    bless someone when they sneeze, you are making
    the world a safer place from all the evil spirits
    lurking about.
   You never know when your simple action to
    counter bad luck will be just the thing to make
    your world and the people around you a bit
    happier.
CONCLUSION

   On the whole, the west has given up lots of
    harmful superstitions like the ones connected
    with charms, talismans, shrines.

   It is because of education and mental training of
    common people.
   Most of the un-educated and less
    educated East is in the grip of
    harmfully useless superstitions.

   It is high time the people woke up to
    the realities of life and possibilities of
    success that demand a scientific
    attitude and understanding.
   The world of science and technology is
    divorced from the dream world of superstitions
    that is keeping us backward.
That’s it.

    ANY     QUESTION ???

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umerfarooqdogar

  • 1.  Umer Farooq Dogar  B.s botany  University of gujrat
  • 3. Definition A : A belief or practice  B : An irrational resulting from abject attitude of ignorance, fear of the mind toward the unknown, trust in supernatural, nature, magic or chance, or a or God resulting false conception of from superstition causation
  • 4. In other words superstitions are beliefs that may or may not be true but they were designed to explain things that could not be explained  Superstitions are, in fact belief in the power of magic and invisible forces'
  • 5. When people believe that hidden powers can bring about changes in nature and society ,they are superstitious.  It is strange that even in the new millennium there are superstitious, mostly found in villages and small towns
  • 6. Are superstitions real?  Are there valid reasons that they aren’t just luck?  Are they completely crazy? Lets find out!
  • 7. Lets find out!  Some common superstitions in our society are  Friday the 13th – bad luck  Itchy Palm – Good Luck  Walking under a Ladder – Bad Luck  Breaking a Mirror – Bad Luck  Finding a Horseshoe – Good Luck
  • 8. Opening an Umbrella Inside – Bad Luck  Knock Twice on Wood – Reverses Bad Luck  . Tossing Spilled Salt over your Shoulder – Good Luck  Black Cats – Bad Luck  Saying "God Bless You" – Good Luck
  • 9. Friday the 13th – bad luck  one of the most common superstitions around,  many apartments and hotels omit the 13th floor and some airlines fly without a 13th row.  Christ was crucified on a Friday.
  • 10. Itchy Palm – Good Luck  Some believe that if the right palm itches, you will meet someone new,  while an itchy left palm means that money is coming.  Others say that an itchy right palm means money coming in  a left-handed itch foretells money going out
  • 11. The bottom line is, if either of your palms itch, do not scratch them or you will counter the effect – unless you scratch it on lucky wood or brass
  • 12. Walking under a Ladder – Bad Luck  It's common sense to avoid walking under an open ladder for fear of something falling on you  But there are superstitious reasons for doing so as well
  • 13. When you walk though the triangle, you are tempting the fates.  You may also awaken spirits that live within the triangle (including evil spirits who may not be happy with the disturbance)
  • 14. If you do accidentally walk under a ladder, you can counter the bad luck by placing your thumb between your index and middle finger.
  • 15. Another method is to cross the fingers on both hands to call upon the sign of the cross to protect you from evil.
  • 16. Breaking a Mirror – Bad Luck • Since a mirror was thought to be a reflection of the soul, breaking a mirror was harmful to the soul. • To counter the ill effects, you can take the mirror outside and bury it in the moonlight.
  • 17. Finding a Horseshoe – Good Luck  Some people believe that this is the luckiest of all symbols, especially if it is found with the open end pointing toward you.
  • 18. If you find one of these gems, pick it up with your right hand, spit on one end, make a wish and toss it over your left shoulder, leaving it where it lands
  • 19. Opening an Umbrella Inside – Bad Luck  since it runs the risk of breaking valuable items.  However, there are also common superstitions that prohibit this act as well.  Umbrellas that shade us from the deified sun are considered magical
  • 20. When the umbrella is opened inside and out of the way of sun's rays it offends the sun god.
  • 21. May even signify impending death or ill fortune for both the person who opened it and the people who live within the home.
  • 22. Knock Twice on Wood – Reverses Bad Luck  Some cultures believed that gods lived in trees. When one would ask for a favour from these gods, he would lightly touch the bark of the tree.
  • 23. To say thank you after the favour had been granted, he would knock lightly one more time.
  • 24. Tossing Spilled Salt over your Shoulder – Good Luck  Salt has always been considered a valuable substance capable of purifying and warding off evil spirits.
  • 25. By tossing spilled salt over your left shoulder, you are driving away the evil spirits lurking with the intent to cause misfortune.
  • 26. Black Cats – Bad Luck  This is a tough one for cat lovers to swallow, but in the Middle Ages it was thought that witches kept black cats as companions.  Some people even believed that these kitties could turn into witches after 7 years.  Or we may not be able to get our aims.if a black cat crossed our way.
  • 27. Powerful men like Hitler and Napoleon Bonaparte were prepared to conquer nations, but terrified of a little black kitty.
  • 28. Saying "God Bless You" – Good Luck  You may think it is etiquette pure and simple, but blessing someone after he sneezes is actually a common superstition  In the 6th century, people were congratulated for sneezing because it was thought they were expelling evil spirits.
  • 30. Common superstitions still have a place in homes across the globe today  Many of us enjoy finding out the reasons behind the rituals to make sense of them.
  • 31. Whenever you toss the salt, knock on wood or bless someone when they sneeze, you are making the world a safer place from all the evil spirits lurking about.
  • 32. You never know when your simple action to counter bad luck will be just the thing to make your world and the people around you a bit happier.
  • 33. CONCLUSION  On the whole, the west has given up lots of harmful superstitions like the ones connected with charms, talismans, shrines.  It is because of education and mental training of common people.
  • 34. Most of the un-educated and less educated East is in the grip of harmfully useless superstitions.  It is high time the people woke up to the realities of life and possibilities of success that demand a scientific attitude and understanding.
  • 35. The world of science and technology is divorced from the dream world of superstitions that is keeping us backward.
  • 36. That’s it. ANY QUESTION ???