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15-744: Computer Networking L-1 Intro to Computer Networks
Outline ,[object Object],[object Object]
Who’s Who? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Objectives ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Web Page ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Course Materials ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Grading ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Waitlist & HW 0 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Outline ,[object Object],[object Object]
What is the Objective of Networking? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Four Steps to Networking ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
A First Step ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Types of Links Point-to-Point Multiple Access …
Packet Transmission Modes ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
What are Switched Networks? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Switched Network
Back in the Old Days…
Then Came TDM… Multiplex (mux) Demultiplex (demux) ,[object Object]
TDM Logical Network View
Packet Switching (Internet) Packets
Packet Switching ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Statistical Multiplexing Gain ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Characteristics of Packet Switching ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Second Step: Internet[work] ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Internet[work]
Challenge ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Third Step: How To Find Nodes? Internet Computer 1 Computer 2
Naming ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Domain Name System What’s the IP address for www.cmu.edu ? It is  128.2.11.43 DNS server address manually configured into OS Local DNS Server Computer 1
Packet Routing/Delivery ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Network:Address Resolution Protocol Ethernet Broadcast: who knows the  Ethernet address for  128.2.11.43 ? Ethernet Unicast: Yes, it is 08-00-2c-19-dc-45
Internetwork: Datagram Routing R R R R R H H H H R R H R Routers send packet to next closest point H: Hosts R: Routers
Routing ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Fourth Step: Application Demands ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
What if the Data gets Corrupted? Internet GET windex.html GET index.html Solution: Add a  checksum Problem: Data Corruption 0,9 9 6,7,8 21 4,5 7 1,2,3 6 X
What if Network is Overloaded? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Problem: Network Overload Solution: Buffering and Congestion Control
What if the Data gets Lost? Internet GET index.html Problem: Lost Data Internet GET index.html Solution: Timeout and Retransmit GET index.html GET index.html
What if the Data Doesn’t Fit? Problem: Packet size Solution: Fragment data across packets ,[object Object],[object Object],GET inde x.ht ml GET index.html
What if the Data is Out of Order? Solution: Add Sequence Numbers Problem: Out of Order GET x.ht inde ml GET x.htindeml GET index.html ml 4 inde 2 x.ht 3 GET 1
Network Functionality Summary ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
What is Layering? ,[object Object],[object Object],Link hardware Host-to-host connectivity Application-to-application channels Application
Protocols ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Layering Characteristics ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Layering Host Host Application Transport Network Link User A User B Layering: technique to simplify complex systems
Layer Encapsulation Get index.html Connection ID Source/Destination Link Address User A User B
Protocol Demultiplexing ,[object Object],FTP HTTP TFTP NV TCP UDP IP NET 1 NET 2 NET n … TCP/UDP IP IPX Port Number Network Protocol Field Type Field
E.g.: OSI Model: 7 Protocol Layers ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
OSI Layers and Locations Switch Router Host Host Application Transport Network Data Link Presentation Session Physical
Example: Transport Layer ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Example: Network Layer ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Is Layering Harmful? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Class Coverage ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Lecture Topics ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Next Lecture: Design Considerations  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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Lecture 01

  • 1. 15-744: Computer Networking L-1 Intro to Computer Networks
  • 2.
  • 3.
  • 4.
  • 5.
  • 6.
  • 7.
  • 8.
  • 9.
  • 10.
  • 11.
  • 12.
  • 13. Types of Links Point-to-Point Multiple Access …
  • 14.
  • 15.
  • 16. Back in the Old Days…
  • 17.
  • 20.
  • 21.
  • 22.
  • 23.
  • 24.
  • 25. Third Step: How To Find Nodes? Internet Computer 1 Computer 2
  • 26.
  • 27. Domain Name System What’s the IP address for www.cmu.edu ? It is 128.2.11.43 DNS server address manually configured into OS Local DNS Server Computer 1
  • 28.
  • 29. Network:Address Resolution Protocol Ethernet Broadcast: who knows the Ethernet address for 128.2.11.43 ? Ethernet Unicast: Yes, it is 08-00-2c-19-dc-45
  • 30. Internetwork: Datagram Routing R R R R R H H H H R R H R Routers send packet to next closest point H: Hosts R: Routers
  • 31.
  • 32.
  • 33. What if the Data gets Corrupted? Internet GET windex.html GET index.html Solution: Add a checksum Problem: Data Corruption 0,9 9 6,7,8 21 4,5 7 1,2,3 6 X
  • 34.
  • 35. What if the Data gets Lost? Internet GET index.html Problem: Lost Data Internet GET index.html Solution: Timeout and Retransmit GET index.html GET index.html
  • 36.
  • 37. What if the Data is Out of Order? Solution: Add Sequence Numbers Problem: Out of Order GET x.ht inde ml GET x.htindeml GET index.html ml 4 inde 2 x.ht 3 GET 1
  • 38.
  • 39.
  • 40.
  • 41.
  • 42. Layering Host Host Application Transport Network Link User A User B Layering: technique to simplify complex systems
  • 43. Layer Encapsulation Get index.html Connection ID Source/Destination Link Address User A User B
  • 44.
  • 45.
  • 46. OSI Layers and Locations Switch Router Host Host Application Transport Network Data Link Presentation Session Physical
  • 47.
  • 48.
  • 49.
  • 50.
  • 51.
  • 52.

Notas do Editor

  1. Some example applications: video, audio, telnet, ftp, http, rpc – what are their needs
  2. For example: Ethernet
  3. 1-SUM[from n=0..9 of (35 chose n) * (.1^n) * (1-.1)^(40-n)
  4. What if want to communicate between hosts on different Ethernets? Internet as interoperability layer
  5. Human analogy – social customs