2. This presentation includes:
the history of the bus in Poland;
information about modern buses;
a report from the visit in the museum of transport;
students’ artworks presenting buses;
a report from the students’ work on the creation of a scrapbook;
a popular Polish song ‘Red bus’ by Andrzej Rosiewicz.
3. The predecessors of the buses were stagecoaches and
omnibuses pulled by horses.
4. In the 19th century steam-powered omnibuses became popular.
However, the need to carriage a lot of water and fuel did not foster the
development of these vehicles.
5. The end of the 19th century brought the invention of the internal
combustion engine, which resulted in the creation of a new type of
omnibuses.
The first constructions were made in the Benz company in 1895.
The first buses were constructed on the truck chassis and powered by
spark-ignition engines.
6. The interwar period brought the development of a diesel engine.
In the 20th century, buses with one passenger cabin started to be constructed
widely.
This period of time brought the invention of buses called trolleybuses.
7. After the war, trolleybuses were commonly found in
Warsaw.
The construction of buses developed quickly.
Buses started to replace lokal railways.
In the ‘50s factories began to build buses with engines
located at the back or under the floor.
City buses started to be equipped with automatically
opened door.
8. This bus is called ‘Stonka’ (‘potato
beetle’).
It was constructed in 1954 in Jelcz.
‘Stonka’ was designed to provide
transportation to 25 passengers.
A cabin had two doors – one for
getting in, and one for packing
luggage.
These buses were very
uncomfortable – stairs were steep
and seats were wooden.
9. A breakthrough in the design of buses took place in 1955, when buses with
a self-supporting body started to be constructed.
10. 1959
This year brought the construction of Jelcz 043,
called ‘ogórek’ (‘cucumber’), powered by the solid and
enduring engine.
It could reach speeds of 85 km/h.
Jelcz 043 was designed for 52 passengers. There were
shelves for luggage and heating.
It was used as a long-distance bus.
11.
12. 1963
Jelcz 272 MEX was the second generation of
‘ogórek’ (‘cucumber’).
It had the same engine as Jelcz 043, but could
accomodate 111 people.
Inside, there was a lot of space for standing
passengers.
13. 1975
Jelcz pr1110IL started to be produced in
1975.
This bus was very comfortable, it had a
luggage space under the deck.
14. This period of time brought the economic crisis, which
caused difficulties with the production of buses.
Polish factories began to cooperate with the Hungarian
manufacturer of buses Ikarus.
Inside this bus you could find multiple pieces of
equipment, like soft plastic seats or handrail
connectors.
15. Interior walls and ceilings of these buses were lined with unilam laminate.
Floors were covered with non-slip lining.
Passengers could sit on upholstered seats.
19. • City bus
• Suburban bus
• Trolleybus
• Duobus
• Long-distance bus
• Tourist bus
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26. The second half of
the 21st century
brought the
invention of
hybrids – electric
buses using
batteries, which
can charge while
driving.
27. This bus can serve as a
perfect means of
transport, because it has
a bedroom and a
bathroom inside.
28. The Museum of Motorization is located in a town Otrębusy,
25 km from Warsaw.
The visit to the museum was a good opportunity to learn about different
means of transport.
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46. The Primary School in Siedlin
09-100 Płońsk
Poland
Address:
Szkoła Podstawowa w Siedlinie
ul. Jana Pawła II 12
09-100 Płońsk
Poland
www.zssiedlin.internetdsl.pl
Telephone:
+48 23 662 31 48
