Chap2 culture

Chapter 2 Culture and Organizational Behavior

Case 1: A cultural clash in the entertainment industry ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Case 6—A & B Ellen Moore-Living/working in Bahrain ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Cases ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Defining Culture: An unbounded definition ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Narrowing the definition: Sathe’s Levels of Culture Water line Basic assumptions Expressed values Manifest culture Basic assumptions Expressed values Manifest culture Iceberg Onion

How is Culture Learned? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Classifications of culture ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Hall’s High-Context and Low-Context Cultural Framework High-Context Low-Context China Austria Egypt Canada France Denmark Italy England Japan Finland Lebanon Germany Saudi Arabia Norway Spain Switzerland Syria United States

Kluckhohn and Strodtbeck’s Variations in Values Orientations ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Kluckhohn & Strodbeck definition of national culture Type of national culture Traditional-high context Mixed Modern—Low context ,[object Object],Subjugation Harmony Mastery ,[object Object],Past Present Future ,[object Object],Evil (theory X) Mixed Good (theory Y) ,[object Object],Being Containing Doing ,[object Object],Hierarchical Group Individualistic ,[object Object],Public Mixed Private

Relation to Nature ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Time Orientation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Basic Human Nature ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Activity Orientation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Relationships among People ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Space Orientation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Hofstede’s Dimensions of Cultural Values ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Hofstede’s definition of culture & Bond’s addition ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Hofstede’s definition of culture & Bond’s addition Type of culture Traditional-High context Mixed Modern- Low context ,[object Object],[object Object],Combination Individualism ,[object Object],Extensive Combination Limited ,[object Object],High Combination Low ,[object Object],Femininity Combination Masculinity ,[object Object],Long term Combination Short term

Individualism/Collectivism ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Power Distance ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Uncertainty Avoidance ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Masculinity/Femininity ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

The Chinese Value Survey ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Long-term/Short-term Orientation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Schwartz's classification ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Embeddedness Versus Autonomy ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Hierarchy Versus Egalitarianism ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Mastery Versus Harmony ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Trompenaars’ Dimensions of Culture ,[object Object],[object Object]

Trompenaars’ 7 Dimensions of Culture ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Universalism Versus Particularism ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Individualism Versus Communitarianism ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Specificity Versus Diffusion ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Achieved Status Versus Ascribed Status ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Inner Direction Versus Outer Direction ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Sequential Time Versus Synchronous Time ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

The World Values Survey ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Traditional Versus Secular-Rational Orientations Toward Authority ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Survival Versus Self-Expression Values ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Do the Frameworks Explain Differences? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Convergence or Divergence? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Implications for Managers ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Chap2 culture

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Chap2 culture