4. Biological(Threat(Reduc+on(Program((BTRP)(
• EDPs(for(human(and(animal(health(include:(
o Avian(and(pandemic(influenza((influenza(viruses)(
o CrimeanFCongo(Hemorrhagic(Fever((CCHF(virus)(
o Anthrax((Bacillus(anthracis)(
o Brucella((Brucella(species)(
o Tularemia((Francisella(tularensis)(
o Botulism((Clostridium(botulinum)(
o Tick(Borne(Encephali+s((TBE(virus)(
o Plague((Yersinia(pes6s)(
o Foot(and(Mouth(Disease((FMD)(
o Glanders(
o Newcastle(Disease(Virus(
o Rinderpest(
o Pox(viruses((goat(and(sheep(pox)(
o Swine(fevers((African(and(Classical(Swine(Fever)(
• Although( the( BTRPFprovided( training( focus( on( these( pathogens,(
the(knowledge(and(skills(learned(and(prac+ced(are(applicable(to(a(
broad( range( of( other( infec+ous( diseases( and( public( and( animal(
health(concerns(
(
( 4(
46. Example(–(STROBE(checklist ((
Item No Recommendation
Title and abstract 1 (a) Indicate the study’s design with a commonly used
term in the title or the abstract
(b) Provide in the abstract an informative and balanced
summary of what was done and what was found
Introduction
Background/rationale 2 Explain the scientific background and rationale for the
investigation being reported
Objectives 3 State specific objectives, including any prespecified
hypotheses
Methods
Study design 4 Present key elements of study design early in the paper
Setting 5 Describe the setting, locations, and relevant dates,
including periods of recruitment, exposure, follow-up, and
data collection
Participants 6 (a) Cohort study—Give the eligibility criteria, and the
sources and methods of selection of participants. Describe
methods of follow-up
Case-control study—Give the eligibility criteria, and the
sources and methods of case ascertainment and control
selection. Give the rationale for the choice of cases and
controls
Cross-sectional study—Give the eligibility criteria, and
the sources and methods of selection of participants
(b) Cohort study—For matched studies, give matching
criteria and number of exposed and unexposed
Case-control study—For matched studies, give matching
criteria and the number of controls per case
48(
63. Introduc+on(sec+on(
Purpose:(to(convince(the(reader(that(your(study(will(
yield(knowledge(or(knowFhow(that(is(new(and(useful(
• Iden+fy(a(gap(in(knowledge(or(knowFhow((study(
problem)(
o Provide(key(background((scope/nature/magnitude(of(the(gap)(
o Be(clear(that(filling(this(gap(will(be(useful.(
o Describe(the(relevant(limita+ons(of(previous(studies(
• Present(your(approach(to(filling(the(gap((study(
purpose)(
o Be(clear(that(your(approach(is(new(
o Emphasize(that(your(approach(addresses(the(limita+ons(of(
previous(studies(in(a(logical(and(compelling(way(
Oaen(requires(just(three(paragraphs(
65(
64. Introduc+on(Checklist(
Background Statement:
Scope nature magnitude of the gap
Be clear that filling the gap is useful
Problem Statement
Describe relevant limitations
Study Statement
Be clear that your approach is new
Emphasize that your approach addresses limitations
Summary Statement
Summarizes the study
66(
97. Randomiza+on(FF(Concealment(
A( generated( alloca+on( schedule( should( be(
implemented(by(using(alloca+on(concealment,(
a( c r i + c a l( m e c h a n i s m( t h a t( p r e v e n t s(
foreknowledge( of( treatment( assignment( and(
thus(shields(those(who(enroll(par+cipants(from(
being( influenced( by( this( knowledge.( The(
decision( to( accept( or( reject( a( par+cipant(
should(be(made,(and(informed(consent(should(
be(obtained(from(the(par+cipant,(in(ignorance(
of(the(next(assignment(in(the(sequence(
99(
158. Discussion(
Purpose:(to(interpret(your(results(and(jus+fy(your(
interpreta+on(
• Dis+ll(the(essence(of(your(study(
o ReFstate(key(results(
o State(main(conclusion(
! Be(clear(about(why(results(support(the(conclusion(
! Maintain(connec+on(with(the(purpose(of(the(study(
• Interpret(your(study(in(the(context(of(the(literature(
o Compare(with(results(of/methods(used(in(related(studies(
o Emphasize(strengths(of(your(study(and(what(is(new(
• State(limita+ons/caveats((frankly,(without(apology)(
• Make(recommenda+ons(
o Changes(in(prac+ce/policy(
o Future(studies,(including(some(specifics((e.g.(study(method)(
Oaen(requires(just(four(or(five(paragraphs(
160(
159. Discussion(Checklist(
*
Dis2ll*the*essence*of*study*
a. Restate*key*results*
b. State*main*conclusion*
Z*Be*clear*about*why*results*support*the*conclusion.*
Z*Maintain*connec2on*with*purpose*of*the*study.
(
Interpret*your*study*in*the*context*of*the*literature*
a. Compare*with*results*of/methods*used*in*related*studies*
b. Emphasize*strengths*of*your*study,*and*what*is*new
(
State*limita2ons/caveats*(use*examples)*
Discuss*limita2ons*of*the*study,*taking*into*account*sources*of*
poten2al*bias*or*imprecision.*Discuss*both*direc2on*and*magnitude*of*
any*poten2al*bias
(
Make*recommenda2ons*
a. changes*in*prac2ce/policy*
b. future*studies,*including*some*specifics*(e.g.*study*method)
161(