2. PROVIDING LOANS TO BUSINESS
AND CONSUMERS
Types of loans made by banks
Factors determining the growth and mix of
bank loans
Regulation of lending
Establishing a written loan policy and steps in
the lending process
Credit analysis and sources of information
about loan customers
Handling problem loan situations
3. WHAT IS LOAN?
The act of giving money, property or other material
goods to another party in exchange for future repayment
of the principal amount along with interest or other
finance charges.
5. FACTORS DETERMINING THE GROWTH AND MIX
OF BANK LOANS
Characteristic of the market area its serves
Lender size
Expertise of management
Loan policy
Types of lending institution
Expected yield
6. REGULATION OF LENDING
provide information to members
commercial/consumer related data
2002 affect NPA recovery SARFAESI
(Securitization and Reconstruction of Financial and
Enforcement Security interest).
7. ESTABLISH A WRITTEN LOAN POLICY
one of the most important way a lending institution
can make sure its loans meet regulatory standards
and are profitable is to establish a written loan
policy. These elements include:
A goal statement for the loan portfolio.
specification of the lending authority given to each
loan officer and loan committee.
lines of responsibility in making assignments and
reporting information.
operating procedures for soliciting, evaluating, and
making decisions on customer loan applications.
8. STEPS IN THE LENDING PROCESS
finding prospective
loan customers
Evaluating a
prospective
customer's
character and
sincerity of purpose
Making site visits
and evaluating a
prospective
customer's credit
record
Evaluating a
prospective
customer's
financial condition
Assessing possible
loan collateral
and signing the
loan agreement
monitoring
compliance with the
loan agreement and
other customer
service needs
9. CREDIT ANALYSIS
1) Is the borrower creditworthy?
2)Can the loan agreement be properly structured and
documented?
3) Can the lender perfect its claim against the
borrower's earnings and any assets that may be
pledged as collateral?
10. SOURCES OF INFORMATION ABOUT LOAN
CUSTOMERS
information about business borrowing money:
Financial reports
copies of boards of directors' resolutions
credit rating
The world wide web
11. UNIT# 4
LENDING TO BUSINESS FIRMS
short term business loans:
self-liquidating inventory loans
working capital loans
interim construction financing
security dealer financing
retailer and equipment financing
Asset-based loans
Syndicated loans
long term business loans:
Term loans to support the purchase of equipment, rolling stock,
and structures
Revolving credit financing
project loans
loans to support acquisitions of other business firms
12. ANALYZING BUSINESS LOAN APPLICATIONS
your credit history
your cash flow history and projections for the
business
your collateral available to secure the loan
your character
capacity
control
13. PREPARING SOURCES AND USES OF FUNDS STATEMENT
FORM BUSINESS FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The Sources and Uses of Funds Statement As you can tell from its title, a Sources and
Uses of Funds statement shows the reader the information needed to get the "big
picture" of:
1. Uses of Funds: The money needed for various purposes for business startup,
including beginning quantities of supplies, equipment, and furniture needed, purchase
of building/land or costs of deposits for rent, and other startup costs.
2. Sources of Funds: Where the money for all funding is going to come from. You will
probably have a mix of different funds for different parts of your plan.
An Example of a Sources and Uses of Funds Statement
Uses of Funds
Facilities Costs $120,000
Equipment and Vehicles $325,000
Supplies and Advertising $49,000
Other Startup Costs $13,000
Total Startup Costs $507,000
14. Working Capital Required $100,000
Total Uses of Funds $607,000
Sources of Funds:
Owner Collateral:
IRA $50,000
Owner Savings $10,000
Home Equity $30,000
Total Collateral $90,000
Total to be Financed $517,000
Total Sources of Cash $607,000