The document discusses methods for analyzing water quality and pollution. It outlines physical, chemical, biological, and microbiological measurements that can be used to assess water quality, choose treatment methods, determine treatment efficiency, trace pollution sources, and analyze microbial infection risks. Specific tests are described to measure levels of various chemical and biological substances that affect water potability, health, toxicity, and pollution. Bacteriological examinations including total count, E. coli, and coliform tests are also summarized.