1. ofSy'Icf] oSv[bfC: ;;t-tl g' glIjfC tfDjf
_d}tfxfI nlDa'
;'SvlD o'Smf] xfI;lIxlDV s]hlI.
tSgfxG:
ofSy'Iaf kfk-df nI d[g-g] ;'SvlD;lufI s[o'Iaf vfDafi-af t[Daf]i-afxfCFT d[g- sF g[Kkfn-V cf;fDV sfn]a'IV tfg-
p]n'I x[Ss]cfI j]Cj] vfDP'V nfh]C of sG clS;fcf] cfTtl;fI s[o'IafxfCcfI ofSy'I;fefI kfk-df ;'St[T.
ofSy'I;fxfCF[G cfafi] ;fSylDV ;fDof]V y'I;fK_k];fK x[Ss]cfI ;fKkfg-V ;fKzS d[uTt'. v[DefFC d[g-
d'Gw'D_xfa]s-V ;fDnf]V nfi-V d'Skfg-V kfg-n'KV d'Sv[bfC g' oSv[bfCxfCcff]cfI j]C ;'jfIg'n-n[ c]ufI d[GaTg[G.
kfg-a]claf ;fDdlnfcf] kfn-nfDV t'DofIxfI ;fDnf]V xfSkfF] ;fDnf]V tfDcs-s] ;fDnf]V m'Ijf rfIdf ;fDnf]V vfOn-
nl ju[FfxfC rSd'Ff_k[Dd'Ff d[xlIP'cfI d[uTt'. x[Ss]FlSs] nfi-x[[Kdf] s]nfi-V ofCFfs-V of nfi- of ;fDaf nfi-
ju[FfxfC d[uTt';l. v[Gx[Kdf] oSrfclGgfI ofSy'I ;'jfI;lufI c'Gpf]g-g' cf]ufK s[sf]i-afF s[jfCaf yfs-o'blDaf
;fSylDn[ s'nS Ff].
oSrfclG nTylS ofSy'I;lufI s[jfCaf kfg-a]claf rft- nf]. sG rft-tlG cfKmfn[;fI ;;t-tl g' glIjfC tfDjfF[
nful d[hft-t'. oSrf kfk-d[Nn[ g[Tpl ;'TnfxfC ‘oS’ g' ‘rf’ rSg[;lcfI ofSkf vf]b[T. sKdf] ‘oS’a[Nn[ cfTtlGpfI
nTylS t[G of kfIe]CefI s';lI glk-df ;'St[T. x[Ss]cfI ‘rf’a[Nn[ t]CdfgfefI s';lI glt-t[Tnf]. sG x[Kdf] y]
s';lI glt- kf]i-e[Nn[ ofSrf d[hft-t'n[ cfTtlGpfI t[GxfC klC;lIdf of gfs-;lIdfcfInC s'a] mfi-df ylD jo[. sG
oSrfclG ofSy'I ;'jfIg' sfCcl v]i-;li-cfI jfCaf vf]b[T. v[Nn[ rf]u'Nn[ sG oSrfn[ cfglC ofSy'I;lufI ylS;]i-jf
cfalF[cfI jfC Ff].
oSrf of oSv[bfC : oSrf of oSv[bfC y]clG d[d[Tt'C Z
oSv[bfCF[G x[Ghlnf s'bf]k-dfnfD klCd[Nn[ oSrf v[G d[d[Tt' ylS_g[Tpl of v[Gcf]g' oFlS ofKdl of xlGhf_klTp'xfC
t[GV xlDxfCcf] of cfTtl;fI d[h'DdfI v'glC n'Ddf] gfg' sTgf d[o'I;lGgfI s'P[D;lI g'FlS v[Db[Tn ;]g-bf]F[ gfd-
e]Ccf] ;]d[nfK;lIV v[Kdf]g' v[Nn[ s'a] of gf]uK kCldf kf]i-. v[Nn[ gf]uK klCdf of g'i-df ;'Sd[b[Tg[GuF
cfTtlGpfI t[GV kfIe]C of oSslG klCdfV t]Cdf kf]i-. x[Ss]n[u v[GC oSxfC t]Cdf;l of klCdf;lclGg] oSrfV
oScfi- of tfFlkfg- d[d[Tt' Ff]. sGglG cfKmfn[;fI ofKdl of yS;f_k';fV ofIgld- ju[FfxfCcf] gfd-e]Cd[Tpli[af
kf]i-V v[Nn[ rf]u'Nn[ s';lI glk-df s[w'Daf kf]i-. x[Ss]cfI oSrf of oSv[bfCclGgfI nSylT ofSy'I ;'jfIn[G
;fSylD;lufI s[jfCaf ylS;]i-jf Ff]. sGglG c'pf]g- c'Gpf]g-g'c] tfSyafM_tfSo'dfMV t'DofIxfI of k]Flu[G kfg-
hfs-;fDafxfCF[ g' of_m[bfIdfxfCF[ ylS d'Ff gl d'Ff d[aft-t'F d[o'MF'af of cf]ufK d[hf]u' d[o'MF'cfI s[jfCaf kfg-
a]claf ;fKzSn[G nTylS s'nSmfI kfk-df;ffI glafg- d[af]i-g[G.
oSrf of oSv[bfC cfSs]FlS d[hft-t'C Z
sG oSrfclG cfSs]FlS d[hft-t' nCFlS kf]wSd[Nn[ kfIe]C;lufI y];fI ofd-aS of t[GwfD d]s-vlD j[u[FxfC
kf]i-ilNn[ ofKdl of xlGhf_klTp'xfC of dfi-Pf_dfi-Pf nfD s[bfaf tF]af_dfM d[bfn[ v'glC n'Ddf] ;;tl of clalt-
rf]s-dfF[ nful d[h'DdfI gfg' sTgf d[o'I;lIifI ;]g-bf] ;]d[nfK;lI. vfNn[u v[Nn[ gf]uK klCdf [;'Sd[b[Tg[GuF
v'g[C gfs-t'af t[GV kfIe]C oSV kfIoS v[Kdf]g' gf]af gf]af xlD_hIxlDxfC klCdf kf]i-. vfNn[FC v[Nn[ gf]uK kft-

2. t'. x[Ss]cfI sGglG cfKmfn[;fI ;]g-bf]F[ gfd-e]Ccf] kf]i-. s';lIn[ nful ylS_g[Tpl df] kldfgf;lcfI d[aT_
1V dlw'Sd[Nn[ dls[wlSkfV y[Dd[Nn[ d[G;Idfgf y[df Z
gf]uK_ ‘yfs-cl’.
2V r'S;f ;lIa'I nlId[Gb[Kdfgf y[dfZ
gf]uK_ ‘;ula'I’.
3V m'ofS m'Gb'G rfI s'a'I o'Sv'I yfI y[df Z
gf]uK:_ ‘tlIjf;]s-’.
4V klGbfI nlis- rfKk[t-;fC y[dfZ
gf]uK:_ ‘j[F's-’.
5V ySj[Nn[S d'of]d- d'U;f]t-k[G kof]d- y[dfZ
gf]uK_ ‘cl;-s';]C’.
6Vglaf]i-af tfSmf s'bfnf ySkf nfDw]t-tlG xf]k-kf y[dfZ
gf]uK_ ‘mMf’ .
ofSy'I oSv[bfC;lufI ;;t-tl g' glIjfC tfDjfF[G ;jf:
sG oSrfclG ofSy'I ;'dfhlaf;lufI cfSs]FlS ;;t-tl g' glIjfC tfDjf kf]s-v[F jo[ s[FCafclG glnfDdf]g'
r'Igf x[Kd[Nn[ tul cfglC tfS_yaMf tfS_o'dfMV ;'_yafM ;'_o'dMfxfCF[df] cfNnf] x[Ss]af o[D xf]k-t[V tfDbfDjfcfI
d[GPf];[G. v'glC cfKmfn[;fI ofg-wf_v[bfC rf]s-g'FC rSd[DaC'af d[jo[. ;efCcfI of xfIxfIifI o'Idf g[df ;'o[D
vf]df xf]k-t[. v[Kdf]g' cfKmfn[;fI tfDe'I_ofSnf klTV ;fj[t- g' d[g-bf ju[FfxfC d[uTt';lF d[jo[. tfDe'I_tfDe'I
klTst-xfCcf] d[o'i[F d[jo[. y] t'D;[ v[GxfCc] d[hf]cfI t'Sv]F[ xlIdG d[b];'F of d[g'K;'F d[jo[. v[G
o[Dn[ sDe[Nn[ x[Ss] d[GbIbIaf ;fd-a]_z[dlV t[Gd'SslV s';I s';I d'GclIxfCV dfi-glt-V vglI g' d'Grclt-
ju[FfxfCcfI xf]k-t[. x[Ss]cfI kFlS_kFlSkf rft-xfCcfI xf]k-t[. glk-df ;fKdfF[u kfg-g] xf]k-t[. vfNn[u
ofKdlxfC s'F[G ofg-wfC_v[bfC rf]s-dfF[ d[gf;[cfI v'glC glIjfC nf];[. v[Nn[ rf]u'Nn[ v'glC;lufI n[Ddf o';[V
glIrlhlnCF[. x[Ss]n[u nTylS t[Gx[Cdf] d[h'K;[cfI v'glC glIjfC tfDdfF[ nful ;;t-tl of clalt- rf]s-g'
oSrf d[hft-t'cfI o[D d[n[u'F d[jo[.
x[Ss]FlSs] s'e_s'ef o[D kfIe]C;lufI t[GwfD d]s-vlDV ;ldf_dfdfM g' of_m[bfIdfxfCF[ m'I;f]s- kf]s-
v[af t[GxfCcf] ofKdl of xlGhfC_klTp';fMxfC ofd-aS rf]s-;[V r'Def;[C d[h'K;[Nn[ cfSv[Gu v'glC n[Ddf o';[V
glIhlrlnCF[. x[Ss]n[cfI d[GbIbI dlh'nfx[Cdf] d[o'I;lGgfI dlhfCg' ;;tl rf]s-g' oSrf d[hft-t'n[u v'glC
glIjfC tfDjf kf]s-v[V t'Sv]_;'Sv]xfC s[F[S glIjfC d[e]t-p'. s';[G n[u[afcfI d[Ggl;'G. x[Ss]cfI t[DbfxfC
kf]s-v[Nn[ dfi-Pf_dfi-Pfaf tF]aMf_dfMxf d[b'd[V r'Db]i-xfC d[b'd[. vfNn[u yfIa[G d[Gplg-xfC ofCd[Ffs-t[V ofCd[Nnfs-

3. dfgf xlGhfC_klTp'xfC d[h'K;[cfI ;;t-tl of clalt-n[ nful oSrf d[hft-t'. vfNn[u v'glC n'Ddf] glIjfC tfDjfF[G
;jf d[Pf];'. s'ef o[G ofg-wf v[bfC d[hf]u[Nn[cfI d[hft-t'. ofg-wf v[bCfF[ ofd-aSsf]af s';lIn[ nful cf]d[KdfuF
dfs-slV y_;lV cfn]g-hlVdfIbs- ju[FfxfC t'D;[clNn[ ofd-aS d[hf]u[F oSrf d[hft-t'n[ ;;tlg' glIjfC tfDjf
kf]s-v[. o[D n[u[afcfI d[Ggl;'G of glIrlhlcfI d[af]s-v[G. sSs]FlSsfI cfglC k]o[Daf ofKdlxfCF[ o[DxfC
d[F[u';lF cfafi] ;fSylDV ;fKkfg-xfC d[;[k-t';lF v'glC xlDFfD d[b];'F d[jo[. sF cfNnf]u d[GbIbIaf
s';I s';I ;fKrf_rf]a[GxfCF[G yf]af] kf]i-df x]s-t[. s';I s';I dfi-glt-V vglIV d'GclI g' d'Grclt-xfC
tfdf d[x]s-t[. x[Ss]cfI kFlS_kFlSkf rft-xfC tfdf x[s-t[. o[Dn[ s'F[S;lIjf tfdf x]s-t[V vfNn[u d[GpfD
ofKdlxfCF[ v[G rluf]s-jfxfC cf]ufK rf]s-df d[x]s-t';l. v[G rluf]s-jfxfCcf] kFlS_kFlSkf ylDa]xfC cf];]g-
bI kf]i-df d[x]s-t[. v[Nn[ rf]u'Nn[ ;;t-tl g' glIjfC tfDjfF[G ;jf cfNnf]af rluf]s-jxfCnfD nfdf d[x]s-t'.
cSs]bIaf sf]o[Daf jfgfDn[ c}G cfglC yafM_o'dfM;lF[ d[aft-t' d[o'F'afV d[;[k-t' d[o'F'af yfs-o'blDaf
g' kfg-a]claf kfI ;fDnf]V kfI v[bfC kfI nfi-V kfI kfg-V kfI d'Snf ju[FfxfC s[F[S glIjfC a]d-df d[x]s-t[.
o[s-of d[DalCdfF[ dfdf d[x]s-t[. v[DafFC d[g- ;fKkfg-V ;fKzSV ;fSylDxfCcfI d[Sdf d[x]s-tcfI jfCFf].
x[Ss]cfI cfafi] ;lufIaf ylS;]i-jfxffCcfI do[ r'F[cfI jfC.
oSv[bfCF[G sfCcl ofSy'I ;'jfIg':
ofSy'I ;'jfI;lufI oSrfF[G sfCclclG cf]d[TdfuF ;;tl of clalt-F[G sfCcl ofSkf vf]b[T. sF sG oSrfv[bfC
;lufI d[Ggld[Gwf (indirectly) d[GpfD ofKdl g' ofIgld-n[ glofFfV yS;f_k';fV ;lSr[g-_yfCafV oIPI_jxIV
kf]s-nf_n'InfV s'hf_s'wl g' y'Sk'_s'a'xfCF[G clSnfV ;'Daf]V s[;'qI g' rKtfF[G sfCclclG clP]i-;li[cfI ofSkf
s';lIglt- vf]b[T. cfSs]FlSsfI sfCcl clP[i-;li[cfI ofSkf kfk-df ;'St[Tk]e[Nn[ df] klCdfaf k[GplIx[Kdf]
ylS_g[Tpl kf]wS kf]s-v[cfI kT_
1Vr'S;f ;lIa'I nlId[Gb[Kdfgf y]Z
gf]uK_ ‘;ula'I’s[FCaf s';lI cfglt-t'D. sF ;ula'I g' ofSy'In[[ n'Ddf] s[ofSkf sfCclclG cf]d[TdfuF
ofSy'IafxfC c'Gpf]g-g'c] vfDaf]i-af_t[Gaf]i-af d[jo[efI s';lI glk-df ;'St[T. v[G o[DdfI sTgf cfNnf]vfFfS;fI
;ul ;'DafS d[wf]s-t' d[hhf]F d[jfC.
2VklGbfI nlis- rfKk[t-;fC y]Z
gf]uK_ ‘jF's-’. sG n'Ddf]af sfCcln[ kf]wS rf]s-d[Nn[ ofSy'IafxfC c'Gpf]]g-g'c] ;fjfu[Daf d[jo[. x[Ss]cfI
yS;f_k';fxfC d[hf];lF xlDafqD d[b];'F d[jo[ s[FCaf ;'Daf] cfd[T.
3V m'ofS m'Gb'G rfI s'a'I o'Sv'I yfI y] Z
gf]uK: _ ‘tlIjf;]s-’.
cfNn sG oSrfF[ k[GplInfD cfglC s';lIglk-df ;'St[T v[G o[Dn[ ofSy'IafxfC tfDe'I_ofSnfaf s'hfxfC d[hf]cfI
d[xli[cfI d[jo[. x[Ss]cfI tfDe'I tfDe'I d[o'i[F d[jo[.
4V gfIulq yfKklq s'xl k[F[F[ y]Z
gf]uK_ ‘n'D;'D’.

4. n'D;'D g' ofSy'I n'Ddf]af sfCclclG cfd[TuF ofSy'IafxfC yfs-o'blDaf ofd-aSxfC d[hf]u'cfI v'glC xlDafqD
d[b];'F d[jo[efI s';lI glt- vf]b[T.
ofSy'IxfC v[G o[Daf ofIgld-V jfgfDV k[GgfDxfCcf] rfKtfV s[;'q;I g' x[GwlDxfCF[G s';lIglt- kf]s-v[cfI ofS.
cSs]bIaf j]C j]C sfCclxfC ofSy'I ;'jfIg' v]i-;li[cfI ofSkfn[ sG oSrfclG cfKmfn[cfI glIjfC m]d-df
;'Sd[b[Tg[G. cfSv[Gu cfNnf]af o[Dn[ jfgfDV k[GgfD g' ofIhls-;lufI sfCcl v]i-;li[cfI ofSkf vf]b[Tnf].
c]gf;'D:
cfNnf]af sf]o[Ddf] sG oSv[bfCclG zSgld- rf]s-dfcfI kf]wSdfF cf]d[KdfuF sfDef]blDaf ;fKrfxfCF[ rf]u'Nn[
o[G o[G vfOD dfdfM x]s-t[cfI jfC. tul x[Ss] v[Def vf]df ;'Sd[b[Tg[G. cfNnf]af o[Dx[Cdf] vf]b[T;fI nSylS
g[Tpl kfIe]C_yfi-a]xfCcf]FC vf]df ;'St[T. y]cfIe[[Nn[ sf]o[Daf o[Dn[G s'F[S;lIjf t[OF k]V kFlS_kFlSkf
;ffKrf_rf]a[xfC yf]af] kf]i-df d[x]s-t[. s';I_s';I dfi-glt-V vglI ju[FfxfC tfdf d[x]s-t[. kFlS_kFlSkf
rft-xfC nd-df of tfdf d[x]s-t[. x[Ss]cfI sf]o[Daf gl;fDxfC tfdfM d[x]s-t[ V vfNn[u v[GxfCcf] s[F[S d[GpfD
ofKdlxfC xD;lIdff d[x]s-t[V yfs-o'blDaf ofd-aSxfC ;'nlSF rf]s-df d[x]s-t[. sG ofd-aSxfC ;'nlSnC kf]i-
df x]s-t[afn[ rf]u'Nn[ oSrfclGgfI ;'nlSnC vf]df x]s-t[. y]cfIe[Nn[ cfKmfn[;fI dgf g' ofd-aSn[ n'Ddf]
oSrfF sfCcl ofSnf]. v[Nn[ rf]u'Nn[ cfNnf]af cSs]bIaf o[D x[Kdf] sG v[bfCclG xlIdf s[w'Daf kf]s-v[
r'F[cfI jf. sGglG xlIdfcfI of ;[k-dfcfI sKdfF[ nful kfIe]C kfIe]C nfk-dfcfI o'St'_t'DofIxfIV d'Gw'DbfIafxfC
t'Ddf;lcfI oSrfF[ kfg- ;fDbfI ;]nfKdf;lcfI m'Idf ;'Ddf;lcfI sKdf rfFlSs] o[s-kf kf]v[cfI jfCFf]. cSs]
kf]i-uF cfglC n'Ddf] yafM_o'dfM;lF[ d[h[Sv' d[o'F'afV d[aft-t' d[o'F'af ;fSylDdlaf v[bfCclG xlIdf ;'Snf].
v[Kdf] g' ;fKzSslaf ylDa]xfC kf]i-ilNn[ sG oSrfclG gfg-af]F[ gfd-e]cf] rf]s-dfcfI rft- kfIdf ;'Sd[b[TsF
xlIdf ;'S nf]. x[Ss]cfI cfNnf] s[wfIafF s[aKkf ofSy'I ;fM_c]xfCF[ oSrfclNn[ oDaf s';[k-V s';lIglt- g'
clbfk- kf]s-v[cfI jfCFf]. cSs]kf]i-uF sGglG nTylS ofSy'I ;fKzSn[ ;fi-u' ;SdfefI kfk-df ;'St[Tnf].
d[g-uF ;fKd'Gw'DnC kf]i-nf].
o[s-;fKxfCB(refernces)
Khamdhak, B. L (2012), Article, Limboo Folk Literature,Smarika.
Limboo, Shan Hang (2010), Article, Collection Of Limboo Riddle, Sumwedo, Published By
Limboo Publication Committee, Namchi Govt. College, South Sikkim.
Khamdhak, Harka (2010), Emeytnasung Vol-31, Printed By Popular Press, Bidhan Road
Siliguri.

5. Field Survey:
zf]w'Iu[G alValV d'FlInf
nlIrf]d- kfIe]C gfGwf ;'SvlD.
mfCofDhl;fDaf a'wl n]s-jfxfI vfDwfs-
;'SvlD o'Smf] xfI;lIxlD gfDrl nfIu[T ;'SvlD.
t'D_;lS;fDaf xUs vfDwfs-
t[Ffk- kfIe]C gfDwf ;'SvlD.
xfIoDe' aNxfI vfDwfs-
;lIm[i- kfIe]C gfDwf ;'SvlD.