This presentation is about career planning,,all development theories, human development potential, role of counslor in school and non school setting....All data clooected by robert gibson book of introduction of counseling and guidance.
5. CAREER DEVELOPMENT
That aspect of one’s total development that
emphasizes learning about, preparation for, entry into,
and progression in the world of work
6. CAREER EDUCATION
The totality of experiences through which one learns
about and prepares for engaging in work as part of living
A primary responsibility of the school with an emphasis
on learning about, planning for, and preparing to enter a
career
7. CAREER GUIDANCE
Activities that are carried out by counselors in a variety
of settings for the purpose of stimulating and facilitating
career development in persons over their working
lifetimes
These activities include assistance in career planning,
decision making, and adjustment
8. CAREER COACHING
Helping individuals set goals, identify procedures to
achieve the goals, and evaluate progress toward goal
achievement
“Coaching” also advise and encourage the client to
“stay on track”
9. OCCUPATIONAL INFORMATION
Data concerning training and related to educational
programs , career, career patterns, and
employment trends and opportunities
17. DEVELOPMENTAL THEORY
Career development is an aspect of a person’s total
development
Development is a process that takes place over an
individual’s life span
Theory focus on the developmental stages that are
related to age
Early researchers anaylized the career dicision making
in terms of three priods
1: Fantacy Choices ,2: Tantative Choices, 3: Realistic
Choices.
18. 1: DONALD.E.SUPER
He presented a ‘’Lifespan developmental Theory’’
Thats based on 14 propositions.
1. People differ in abilities...
2. people are qualified...
3. Occupational pattern...
4. Vocational preferences...
5. Series of life stages...
6. Nature of career pattern...
7. Coping the demands of environment...
19. Continued........
8:Career maturity...
9:Development through life stages...
10:Implementing occupational self concepts...
11:Compromise between individual and social
factors...
12:Dependancy of person,s satisfactions...
13:work satisfaction and self satisfaction…
14:Focus on personality organizations...
20. 2: HARVIGURST,S
DEVELOPMENTAL TASK THEORY
Havighurst divided the human life
span into six periods
he broke down development into
important tasks that must b
accomplished at each age level
21.
22. 3 : E.H.ERICKSON,S
PSYCHOLOGICAL THEORY
As people grow they face a series
of psychological crises that shape
personality
Each crises focuses on a particulr
aspect of personality and each
involves the person,s relationhip
with other people
27. 4: ANNE ROE'S CAREER
DEVELOPMENT THEORY
Its based on Maslow,s Theory of Basic Needs.
28. Roe,s research into accupational catagories led her to
develop 8 occupational groups,further subdivided into 6
classification levels:
29. Roe,s Classification Levels :
1. Professional and
managerial(independant)
2. Professional and managerial (less
indipendant)
3. Semi-professioanl and small buisness
4. Skilled
5. Semi-skilled
6. unskilled
30.
31.
32. SLT stands for Social Learning Theory
KRUMBOLZ and C. Nichol 1990
Banduras 1997 behavior theory to career
decision making
1996 Mitchell and Krumboltz added ideas
and refer SLT as learning theory of career
LTCC
Suggest 4 categories of factor are influential
in the career development and decision
making
THEORY NO 5
SOCIAL LEARNING THEORY
33. Genetic endowment and special
abilities
Environmental condition and events
Learning experience
Task approach skill
SOCIAL LEARNING THEORY
34. Describe by Hansen in 2005 presents a
framework for integrative life planning (ILP)
This theory of integrated life planning is model
which
1. Relates societal context to the individual to
families to education and to work
2. Is a life long process of identifying primary
needs, roles and goals and integrating
them with in self work family and
community
THEORY NO 6
HOLISTIC THEORY FOR CAREER COUNSELING WITH
ADULTS
35. 3. Is interactive and relationship oriented
and designed to help individuals achieves
greater satisfaction meaning wholeness
and a sense of community
4. Is a means to help shape the direction of
once life in power other, manage change
and contribute to the large society and
common goods
HOLISTIC THEORY FOR CAREER COUNSELING
WITH ADULTS
36. 1. Finding work that need doing in
changing global context
2. Waving our lives into a meaningful
whole
3. Connecting family and work
SIX CRITICAL THEMES
37. 4. Valuing pluralism and inclusivity
5. Managing personal transitions
6. Exploring spirituality and life purpose
CRITICAL THEMES
38. Sociological View of careers
Newspaper and television reports
Example of a person
THEORY NO 7
SOCIOLOGICAL THEORY
39. Is it possible to evaluate all
decisive factor in the
choice?
QUESTION
40. 1980 Indian published press published
a president Hellman B Well book
entitled being luck
2003 publication Richard Wiseman
identifies four principal of luck
SOCIOLOGICAL THEORY
41. 1. Maximize your chance opportunity
2. Listen to your luck hunches
3. Expect good fortune
4. Turn your bad luck into good
SOCIOLOGICAL THEORY
42. Economic theory describe the
importance of economic factor in
career choice
1. Job according to qualification
2. Job security
3. Reward
THEORY NO 8
ECONOMIC THEORY
46. IMPLICATIONS OF CAREER THEORY FOR
COUNSELORS
Career development is a process leading to a
decision
Counselors should understand:
Particular tasks at certain developmental
stages
Interpret and assess individual interest
Basic human needs and special needs
Recognize the rapid change in the ways
people work and live
Update the theories and research
49. CAREER COUNSELING OF HUMAN
POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT (CCHD)
CCHD focus on encouraging clients to
challenge the limitations of their present
self concept in a manner of speaking, to
redefine themselves and stimulate their
vitality
Development occurs across the life span
of the individual
Awareness of maturing process related to
mastery of development task at each life
stage
50. CCHD
Individual aptitudes and interest should be
enhanced by strategies and experienced
Environment influences the development
Programs designed to inhibit negative factors that
prevent full development
51. PHASES OF HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
PROGRAM
Who plays significant
role?
Postsecondary Educational
institutions
Adult Educational Program
Career centers
Private practitioners
Employment Offices
Assessment
Plannin
g
Placeme
nt
52. WOMEN
Traditional Women’s Careers????
Today women’s careers????
Women in Pakistan = 48.63% (2014) World Bank
Women in Labor Work= 21.7% ( 2009)
2005 to 2008 approx. 75, 000 divorce cases
2008 to 2011 approx. 1, 24141 divorce cases were
registered in Pakistan
85 percent of love marriages end up in separations
55. WOMEN POTENTIAL SHOULD BE ENHANCED
Prejudice in salaries and opportunities
60% of women headed families live in poverty
Career Counselors must help female clients to
identify alternatives of traditional jobs as well as
create balance to be a mother and a worker
Recognize educational opportunity, job search skills
and Positive self concept
56. MINORITIES IN PAKISTAN
U.S. State Department's International Religious
Freedom Report 2002 estimated
Christians at 2.09 million
Ahmadis at 286,000
Hindus at 1.03 million
Parsis , Buddhists, and Sikhs at 20,000 each
57. OUR SOCIETY FUTURE WILL NOT BE HEALTHY IF
TOMORROW’S MINORITY ADULTS ARE SERIOUSLY
DISADVANTAGED AND NEGLECTED
58. MINORITIES
Counselors should assist minorities in achieving
career equity and opportunities
Do not be used Biased assessment instruments
Should be advocated for employment of them
based on personal qualification, not on ethnic
culture background
59. POOR
According to 27 March,
2014 Report
Poverty in Pakistan – 40 %
people living below poverty
line
52 % of total population in
Baluchistan
33 % of Sindh
KPK having 32 %
19 % of Punjab
61. COUNSELING OF POOR
Homeless Assistance Act (1987) designed to aid
schools and reconnect child with school
School in poverty areas must have good
counseling programs and adult education program
Encouraged to apply only for jobs for which they
are qualified
Involvement of local business
62. PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES
A person who has a physical and mental
impairment that substantially limits one or more
major life activities
According to Harrington (1997), students with
disabilities frequently leave school without
marketable skills or the ability to function
independently
63. COUNSELING OF PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES
Understanding of various disabilities and their
career implications
Knowledgeable regarding appropriate resources
Sensitive, supportive and at the same time
Realistic
Facilitate family support with efforts of other people
Encourage them handicap to employment
64. INADEQUATE CAREER COUNSELING
IN PAKISTAN
In Pakistan, 60 % of the schools are public schools and
unfortunately none of them are even aware of the term
‘career counseling’
(M. Murtaza Noor, Director
Community Support Program
Pakistan) 2013
710 schools (Islamabad) and 2,100 private schools
(Rawalpindi) do not offer career counseling
Malik Abrar, President All Private
Schools and College Owners’
Association (APSCOA)
67. ROLE OF COUNSELING PROGRAM IN SCHOOL
SETTING
Facilitate and enhance the school contribution
towards
Learning
Growth and development
Prepare youth for work
68. PRINCIPLES FOR CAREER DEVELOPMENT
To develop unbiased base
Career as a way of life and an education as a preparation
for life
To develop understanding in social-personal
development & career education planning
To develop understanding between education & career
69. CONTD:
Develop opportunities to test concepts , skills & values that
have future career application
School career counseling and guidance program is centered
in classroom
Prepare students to cope with dramatic changes in the world
of work
To develop maturity necessary for making effective career
decisions
70. THE SCHOOL COUNSELOR’S ROLE IN
STUDENT CAREER DEVELOPMENT
Career counseling
Career Assessment
Resource person and Consultant
Linkage Agent
73. RESOURCE PERSON AND CONSULTANT
Active in acquiring materials appropriate to career
planning and decision
Counselor aware of computerized information program
Aware sources from which such materials obtained
Opportunities to complement career education program
74. LINKAGE AGENT
Counselors active in collaborative
efforts(community agencies & employers)
School-to-work Opportunities Act of 1994
Emphasis on helping the students make transition
from school to work like job shadowing, work-based
learning
75. TECHNIQUES FOR PLANNING AND DECISION
MAKING
Self-Awareness
Educational Awareness
Career Awareness
Career Exploration
Planning and Decision making
Placement and Follow-up
Educational placement
Environmental Placement
Follow-up
77. CAREER COUNSELLING IN NON
SCHOOL SETTING
The initial out of school career counselling is
made through the assistance of the state
employment services
78. CAREER GUIDANCE ACTIVITIES ARE BASED ON
Review and discussion of applicant’s qualification
Applicant’s interest in relation to available
employment opportunities
General Aptitude Test Battery, may be used to
further assist the client and counseller in career
planning
79. GENERALAPTITUDE TEST BATTERY;
known as the GATB
It is a professional career aptitude test which
measures nine different aptitudes and can be used
to help assess the likelihood that you will be
successful in specific careers or training programs.
For example
General learning abilities
Verbal aptitude
Numerical aptitude
Motor coordination
80. COUNSELING GOALS
Herr and Cramer (1996), outlined following
counseling goals for career counselors;
Provide support in building and maintaining
positive attitudes toward one’s worth and
dignity
Provide any and all geographic information
81. COUNSELING GOALS
Explore possible retaining and other avenues
for improving employment opportunities
Assess the actual reasons for employment
difficulties
Assist in developing job-seeking behaviors
82. ACCORDING TO THE NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF COLLEGES AND
EMPLOYERS (NACEWEB, 2006), EMPLOYERS SEEK FOLLOWING TOP
10 PERSONAL QUALITIES/SKILLS
Communication skills
Honesty/integrity
Teamwork skills
Strong work ethics
Analytical skills
Flexibility
Interpersonal skills
Motivation
Computer skills
Detail oriented
83. COMPUTERIZED CAREER ASSISTANCE SYSTEM
Computers are used widely in counseling
programs in educational setting for providing
career information and assistance
Information System
Guidance System