This document summarizes a presentation on radio network planning for 3G networks. It discusses key concepts in radio network planning like cell configuration, interference management, frequency reuse, and mobile network evolution. It then covers the specific steps in 3G radio network planning, including dimensioning, nominal planning, simulation, and optimization. The document provides examples of link budget calculations and using planning software to simulate network performance and verify the design meets requirements.

1. Toha Ardi Nugraha
Radio Network Planning
Yogyakarta, 26-27 November 2014
@Universitas Islam Indonesia

2. Syllabus
•Mobile Communication Technology
•3G RNP Overview
•RNP Concept
–Step Radio Network Planning
–GSM, 3G, and LTE Differences
•Radio Network Dimensioning
–Link Budget Calculation
•Simulation
•Analysis

3. Mobile Communication Technology
-Mobile Cellular Concept
-Mobile Cellular Evolution
-System Architecture
-3G WCDMA Concept
-Radio Aspect/Physical Layer

4. Mobile Cellular Concept
Cell Ideal
Cell Real
Cell Model

5. Cell Configuration Example :
Antenna

6. Cell Design
•Macrocell(>5km)
•Microcell(3-<5km)
•Picocell (<1km)
•Femtocell/Small cells (<200m)

7. Interference
•Co Channel Interference
•Adjacent Channel Interference
•Intersystem Interference

8. Frequency Reuse
•Limited Spectrum Frequency
•Efficiency Spectrum

9. Mobile Cellular Evolution

10. Data Transmission Evolution

11. GSM & UMTS Evolution

12. GSM and 3G Architectures

13. Long Term Evolution

14. 3G WCDMA - Wideband CDMA
Radio access technology for one of the UMTS access modes (UTRA FDD) using 5 MHz duplex channels.
– Frame length is of 10 msec, Chip rate is 3.84 Mcps – All users share the same frequency and time domain – Users separated by the codes

15. UMTS Radio Frequency Ranges

16. Channelization in UMTS

17. WCDMA Channel (Cont.'s)

18. Handover Concept

19. Handover Method
•Softer Handover
•Soft Handover
•Hard Handover

20. Radio Network Planning
-RNP Overview
-Objective
-GSM and 3G Planning Differences
-Radio Network Dimensioning
-Power Link Budget

21. Radio Network Planning Overview
Radio Network Planning?
According to deployment and evolution requirements, as well as cost- effectiveness consideration, generate the amount of Network Elements (NE), NE configuration, and Transmission design between different NE.
RNS
RNC
RNS RNC
Core Network Node B
Node B
Node B
Node B
Iu
Iu Iur
Iub Iub
Iub
Iub Network Planning Scope：
•Core network：focus on CN element dimension and configuration.
•Radio network：focus on RAN element dimension and configuration
•Transmission network：focus on link dimension and configuration between network elements.

22. Radio Network Planning Solution
•3G Radio network planning (NodeB/RNC)
•3G Transmission network planning (Iu/Iur/Iub)
•3G Core network planning (CS/PS domain)
3G RNP tools development
 Network KPI
 Pilot pollution
 Soft-handover ratio and probability
 Access probability of
different services
 Best Server Distribution
 CE dimension
 Estimation result

23. Objectives of Network Planning
The RF Design of wireless system revolves four main principles. These principles are Coverage, Capacity, Quality and Cost. And further, adapt to the future network development and expansion. Coverage Capacity
Quality Cost Realization of excellent balance of all aspect via networks planning

24. GSM and 3G Planning Differences
•Realize 1×1 frequency reuse
•The capacity per WCDMA cell is “soft” for it is related to environment and neighbor cell interference.
•Supports multiple services with different speed rate and QoS, and each service has different coverage range.
•Adopts cellular network structure and frequency planning to guarantee intra/inter-frequency interference
•Users supported can be calculated from carriers and timeslots if the interference meets the requirements.
•Provides voice service
GSM
3G

25. 3G RNP Procedure Overview Capacity Quality Coverage Interference Final design
preparation
Dimensioning
Nominal Planning Site survey Deployment Detailed planning & pre-optimization Preliminary design

26. Radio Network Dimensioning
Coverage related
Coverage area
Coverage probability
Capacity related
Traffic model
Service model
User density
Quality related
QoS requirements
GoS requirements
Demodulation threshold
System dimensioning
Number of sites
System configuration
Sector structure
Number of carriers
Cost on network construction
Site cost
Equipment cost
Input Output
Coverage design
Capacity design

27. Power Link Budget
 Receiver Sensitivity
 PDCH_Max
 Minimum Required Signal Strength
 EiRP
 PUE_Max
• Slow Fading Margin
• Penetration Loss TX RX Duplexer



Antenna
UE PL_DL PL_UL
• Body Loss
• Interference Margin
• Fast Fading Margin
• Margin for Background Noise
TX
RX
Duplexer

  Cable Antenna
Node B
• Interference Margin
• Fast Fading Margin
• Margin for Background Noise
Soft Handover
Area
• SHO Gain

28. Example Calculation
Coverage

29. Propagation

30. Cell Range
Propagation Model
Area
Voice

31. Example Calculation
Capacity
Blocking Probability 2%
Erlang B Table

32. Nominal Planning
Based on the result of network dimension, preliminary design present Information of theoretical sites including following :
Site coordinates.
Engineering parameters such as Antenna height, azimuths and tilts.
Radio parameters such as scrambling code ,transmit power of different channels , etc.

33. Software Simulation
•Simulation Flow Chart
•Simulation Output
•Step by Step
•Verification by System Simulation

34. Introduction
Why should simulation be performed in 3G radio network planning?

35. Simulation is one of Important Step for Network Planning
Simulation is oriented to simulate the running situation of networks under the current network configuration so as to facilitate decision-making adjustment. Adopt the planning software to perform simulation based on various types of BTS coverage area, the number of BTSs within the coverage area, and the configuration of each BTS. All these are obtained from traffic coverage analysis.

36. Introduction Atoll Software
•Be a professional radio network design tool, supporting GSM/TDMA, GPRS-EDGE, cdmaOne, W-CDMA/UMTS and CDMA2000/1x RTT/EVDO. It is specially designed for 3G.
•Realize mobility of planning design, supporting both single system configuration and Enterprise server-based network configuration. The single system configuration does not require connecting external database and users still can share engineering data.
•Feature modern software structure as well as open and extendable platform

37. Simulation Step by Step

38. Atoll Simulation Step
1.Preparation
2.Start Project
3.Configure Coordinate
4.Import Digital Maps
5.Set Propagation Model
6.Draw Zone
7.Make Prediction based on Coverage
8.Monte Carlo Simulation
9.Make Prediction based on Simulation
10.Check Planning Results

39. Start Project
UMTS HSDPA

40. Configure Coordinate

41. Composition of a Digital Map
A digital map basically consists of the following three components, stored under three directories respectively.
•Heights : Digital elevation model (DEM): describe basic landforms of this area and directly participate in radio propagation model calculation
•Clutter : Digital clutter model (DOM): clutter classification data describes clutter coverage on the ground, such as forest, lake, open area, industrial area, urban area, high-storey building area. It is used during calculating radio propagation path loss.
•Vector : Linear vector model (LDM): linear clutter vector data describes plane distribution and space relationship of linear clutters, including speedway, street and river.

42. Simulation Output
Simulation Parameter
•Pilot coverage (Ec, Ec/Io) in the target areas
•Best server plot
•Coverage probability distribution of each service
•Access failure distribution and statistic of each service
•Continuous coverage areas of each service
•Cell load distribution of downlink and uplink
•Pilot pollution distribution
•Soft handover areas statistic of each service

43. Task and Excercise
•Find map of Yogyakarta City
•Find number of users in Yogyakarta City
•Plot Cells
–Based on Calculation of Coverage Cell
–Based on Capacity Calculation

44. Interface
Map
Propagation Model

45. Import Digital Maps
MAP :
Vector
Clutter
Height

46. Set Propagation Model
Duplicate

47. Cell Planning

48. Draw Zone

49. Make Prediction based on Coverage

50. Check Planning Result

51. Check Planning Result
•View  Legend Windows
•Generate Report

52. Verification by System Simulation
It is an iterative process to verify the final design until all the requirements are fulfilled
Coverage prediction
RNP Planning
results
Are Requirements Fulfilled?
Traffic distribution
System simulation

53. UMTS Optimization

54. UMTS Optimization
•UMTS performance indicator
•Problem Signature
•Tuning network
–Specific Neighbor list
–Managing excessive soft handoff

55. UMTS Performance Indicator
•KPI Target :
–RSCP (good > -85 dBm)
–Ec/No ( > -8 dB)
–BER (98%)
–Analyze Pilot Pollution Area

56. Improving coverage

57. Pilot Pollution

58. Antenna Fine Tuning

59. Tuning the Network

60. References
•Atoll Manual
•U-Net Planning Tools
•Huawei, WCDMA RNP & RNO Conspectus

61. 감사합니다