21st Century Literature of the Philippines and the World

1. 21st Century Literature of the Philippines
And the World
By: ERNEST P. MACALALAD

2. Periods of Philippine Literature
Pre-historic Period
Contemporary Period
American Period
Philippine Republic Martial Law
Japanese Period
Spanish Period

3. PRE-HISTORIC PERIOD
Literature was principally oral in as much as writing
was not yet invented and more of the works
were concise poetic.

4. Bugtong (Riddles)
Salawikain (Proverbs)
Kasabihan (Saying)
Kantahing bayan (Folk song)
Oyayi (Lullaby)
Soliranin (Boat Song)
Kumintang (War Song)
Diona (Wedding Song)
Dalit (Religious Song)
Kundiman (Love Song)
Dipayanin (Drinking
Song)
Hibais (Travel Song)
Bung-aw (Funeral Song)
Bansal (Courting Song)

5. With the passage of time Oral Literature becomes Lengthy
and this long forms Was the epic such as:
Biag ni Lam-ang (Ilocanos)
Alim and Hudhud (Ifugaos)
Kumintang (Tagalog)
Ibalon (Bicolanos)
Maragtas and Hinilawod (Visayas)
Hari sa Bukid (Hiligaynon)
Dagoy and Sudsud (Tagbanuas)
Bantugan (Muslims)
Indarapatra and Sulayman
(Maguindanao)
Tatuaang (Bagobos)

6. Prose and Works
Alamat (Legends)
Myth (Mito)
Kwentong bayan (folk tales)
Pabula (Fables)
Parabola (Parables)

7. The oral works are able to translate in Written Work through
The use of SYLLABARY called ALIBATA

8. Ferdinand Magellan is the one who
Discovered Philippines
The mission of Spanish Friars
is to spread the CHRISTIANITY

9. DOCTRINA CRISTIANA
Catholic book of prayers and doctrines

10. FRANCISCO BALTAZAR
(Ama ng Balagtasan)
wrote the immortal
allegorical work Entitled
FLORANTE AT LAURA

11. •AWITcomposed of dodecasyllabic
monoriming quatrains an opposed
to KORIDO which is octasyllabic
monoriming quatrains.

12. CRISOSTOMO SOTTO
(Father of Pampango Literature)
PEDRO BUKANEG
(Father of Ilocano Literature)
Fr. MODESTO DE CASTRO
wrote Urbana and Felisa
(book of etiquette)

13. SPANISH PERIOD
More productive part of the
period
The propagandist raised led by
Dr. Jose Rizal batted
For ASSIMILATION

14. GAT ANDRESS BONIFACIO
Head of the Revolutionists and the
Supremo of Katipunan
LA SOLIDARIDAD
EL FILIBUSTERISMO
NOLI ME TANGERE

15. PSEUDONYMS
RIZAL- Dimas Alang and Laong Laan
DEL PILAR- Plaridel
JAENA- Diego Laura
JOSE MA. PANGANIBAN- Jomapa

16. AMERICAN PERIOD
 American defeated Spaniards in Spanish-American War
which resulted in TREATY OF PARIS
Introduced the public school system in the
Philippines and English Language

17. THOMASITES- first English teachers.
The Filipino
Learned language and used it in their
writings
Freedom of expression
Freedom of press

18. List of periods of Philippine Literature
in English
Period of Orientation- 1900-1910
Period of Apprenticeship- 1910-1920
Period of Experimentation- 1920-1940
Period of Discontent- !941-1944
Post-war Period- 1945-1950
Modern Period- 1951-1971
Martial Law Era- 1971-1986
Contemporary Period- 1986 to present

19. Similarities and differences of periods of the Philippine
Literature
1.Period of Re-orientation- 1898-1910
2.Period of Imitation- 1910-1925
3.Period of Self discovery- 1925-1941
4.postwar- re-orientation- 1945
5.The rebirth of freedom- 1946-1970

20. 6. Period of Activism- 1970-1972
7. Period of New Society- 1972-1981
8. Period of the Third Republic- 1981-1985
9. Contemporary period- 1986 to present

21. Writer Guides or Organization
P-oets
E-ssayist
N-ovelist

22. JAPANESE PERIOD
The invaders saw to it that Filipino
movements be limited
The writers stop wielding pens and
started wielding guns
They introduce Nippongo and their literary
arts and forms

23. Ikebana- art of arranging flowers
Origami- art of folding papers
Tempura and sushi- cuisine
Haiku
Tanka
senryu
Poetic Forms

24. HAIKU
-Short descriptive poem about nature
-Consisting 17 syllables
-5 syllables in the first line
-7 syllables in the second line
-5 syllables in the third line

25. SENRYU
-a 3 lines similar to haiku
structure with
5-7-5 but differs from the latter
in rhyme
-the subject is human nature
The tone is satirical and ironical

26. TANKA
-The longest among three
-has 5 lines and 31 syllables
-5-7-5-7-7

27. The end of war spelled hope
to the dormant writers who
Woke up for their lethargy
and began creating outputs.

28. CARLOS PALANCA MEMORIAL
AWARDS
FOR LITERATURE
-known to be the most prestigious and
longest-running award-giving body
In the field of literature, equivalent to
the world-renowned Pulitzer Prize

29. MARTIAL LAW BY MARCOS
-September 21, 1972
-the freedom of the press was curtailed in much
the same way as the other freedoms (speech, assembly)
Were suppressed.
January 1, 1981
-after lifting of martial law

30. EDSA REVOLUTION
-the climax and most intense protest,
Reform the Army Movement (RAM)
-Marcos loyalist soldiers