Using nu get the way you should svcc
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Using NuGet the way you should Consuming NuGet packages, that’s what everyone does. Open source projects create NuGet packages and post them on NuGet.org. Meanwhile, all of us are still working with shared projects and fighting relative paths, versioning and so on. In this talk, we’ll use Visual Studio, NuGet and TeamCity to work with NuGet the way you should. Project references must die! Add Package Reference and good continuous integration is everything you will ever need.
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Using nu get the way you should svcc
- 1. Using NuGet the way you should Maarten Balliauw @maartenballiauw
- 2. Who am I? • Maarten Balliauw • Antwerp, Belgium • Developer Advocate, JetBrains • Founder, MyGet • AZUG • Focus on web • Big passion: Azure • http://blog.maartenballiauw.be • @maartenballiauw Shameless self promotion: Pro NuGet - http://amzn.to/pronuget2
- 3. Agenda • NuGet • File | New Project… • The state of NuGet • Every project is a package • Creating packages • Distributing packages • Consuming packages
- 4. NuGet
- 5. A brief NuGet introduction... • Package management system for .NET • Visual Studio extension, command line, console • Simplifies incorporating 3rd party libraries • Developer focused • Free, open source • Use packages from the official feed • Publish your own packages • Create & use your own feed
- 6. File | New Project...
- 7. Demo File | New Project...
- 8. That was trouble! Dependency hell •Dependencies on NuGet packages •Dependencies on projects •Dependencies on file system layout • Breaking changes in dependencies
- 9. “Dependencies, also in real life, are trouble. Have you ever had to depend on a plumber showing up?” - Maarten Balliauw
- 10. Dependencies before NuGet • Projects in solution •Reference in-house projects: • Either the assemblies (typically unversioned / all 1.0.0.0) • Either the actual project / linked files (unversioned by design) •Reference third party assemblies (e.g. JSON.NET)
- 11. Dependencies with NuGet • Projects in solution •Reference in-house projects: • Either the assemblies (typically unversioned / all 1.0.0.0) • Either the actual project / linked files (unversioned by design) •Reference third party packages (e.g. JSON.NET) • Semantic Versioning to announce breaking changes (happy times as long as package authors respect that)
- 12. The state of NuGet
- 13. The state of NuGet Where are we, 3 years in? •We are consumers! • Even quite some overconsumption I dare say… •We sort of know about Semantic Versioning • If the mayor version changes, we’re doomed •Are we producing? • Some are, e.g. OSS and some companies • Did we solve our dependency issues?
- 14. .NET is late to the party! •Others have been doing package management for decades • Perl (CPAN.org) • Linux (RPM/YUM/APT-GET/...) • PHP (PEAR, Composer) • Node (npm) • Ruby (Gems) •We can learn a great deal from these!
- 15. What are the others doing? { "name" : "IniTech.Framework.Formatters", "version" : "1.0.0 ", "author" : "Maarten Balliauw", "bugs" : { "url" : "https://github.com/initech/framework-formatters/issues" }, "description" : "Formatters specific to the IniTech organization.", "homepage" : "https://github.com/initech/framework-formatters", "keywords" : [ "framework", "formatters", "initech" ], "license" : "Proprietary", "main" : "index.js", "repository" : { "type" : "git", "url" : "https://github.com/initech/framework-formatters" }, "scripts" : { "test" : "echo "Error: no test specified" && exit 1" }, "dependencies" : { "date-format" : "0.0.2", "format" : "~0.2.1", "moment" : "~2.5.1" } }
- 16. What are the others doing? What was in that package.json? •Name and version of the project •Dependencies (and version range) of the project • Every project is a package! • It can have dependencies • It can be depended on
- 17. Every project is a package
- 18. Supporting componentization • Every project is a package • Clearly identifyable • Proper Semantic Versioning • Every project becomes discoverable • Nice description, release notes, ... • Add it to a private feed so developers can find it •Dependencies (can) stay out of source control •Dependencies are versioned
- 19. But… NuGet only has packages.config! •Nodejs: packages.json •Composer (PHP): composer.json •NuGet: • packages.config: dependencies • <projectname>.nuspec: package description • NuGet.config: other settings • It’s 2-3 files in our world, but it is all there. • Let’s become producers!
- 21. All we need is one file <projectname>.nuspec • XML file which can be generated • nuget.exe spec • Install-Package NuSpec && Install-Nuspec •Run nuget.exe pack to create package
- 23. Think about versioning! Enforce Explicit Semantic Versioning • www.semver.org Major Breaking changes Minor Backwards compatible changes e.g. API additions Patch Bugfixes not affecting the API • SemVer states intentions • It’s the only way to avoid dependency versioning hell. But not bullet-proof. <dependency id="ExamplePackage" version="1.3.2" /> 1.0 = 1.0 ≤ x (,1.0] = x ≤ 1.0 (,1.0) = x < 1.0 [1.0] = x == 1.0 (1.0) = invalid (1.0,) = 1.0 < x (1.0,2.0) = 1.0 < x < 2.0 [1.0,2.0] = 1.0 ≤ x ≤ 2.0 empty = latest version
- 25. Which medium? We will need a “package source” or feed • In source control (please don’t) • Local / network folder (slow > ~50 packages) • NuGet.Server (slow > ~50 packages) • NuGet Gallery (clone of www.nuget.org) • MyGet (www.myget.org, SaaS) • ProGet (www.inedo.com/proget) • TeamCity NuGet artifacts (www.jetbrains.com/teamcity) • Sonatype (www.sonatype.com/nexus) • Artifactory (www.jfrog.com)
- 26. How do they get there? •Manual upload • As part of our continuous integration process • All benefits of CI (e.g. testing) • Plus reporting on which packages we are using • Plus publishing packages for consumption
- 27. Demo Continuous Integration & Distributing Packages with TeamCity
- 28. What did we just see? •Creating packages using .nuspec •NuGet configuration inheritance •Continuous Integration on TeamCity • How to run package restore • How to build a package • How to see packages that are being used •How to consume a package
- 29. NuGet configuration inheritance •Make settings common to projects! • NuGet walks up the directory tree to find NuGet.config files • Or even push them to developer machines • %AppData%NuGetNuGet.config • %ProgramData%NuGetConfig*.config • ... •See http://bit.ly/nuget-config-inheritance • Configure feeds, proxy, credentials, ...
- 30. More recommendations… • Don’t just update blindly • Not everyone respects SemVer… • It would take us back to the original problem • Don’t autoupdate during builds • Continuous Integration: Same Input = Same Output • Be explicit about versioning
- 31. Deploying from NuGet packages •Using a simple, handcrafted script • Using a tool like OctopusDeploy.com • Which is even cooler combined with Chocolatey.org •TeamCity supports various ways of deploying (e.g. WebDeploy)
- 32. Demo Deploying packaged applications with a handcrafted script
- 33. Considerations •TeamCity internal NuGet feed • Only build artifacts • No way to add external packages that are being used • May not be a problem for your setup • But maybe it is: a feed is much like source control for dependencies • Add dependencies that are being used, NuGet.org, component vendors, ... • If it is, create your own feed, e.g. MyGet.org
- 34. Create a package source / feed For your team or the entire organization • That’s a cool library! And that one too! • Avoid overconsumption by limiting packages • May not block developers but at least the build will fail • Your own feed will only contain packages you know • Keep versions under control • Keep licensing under control • Easy way to audit external packages in use
- 35. Demo Pushing packages from TeamCity
- 36. But I’m using NuGet. It’s broken!!! http://blog.nuget.org/20141010/nuget-is-broken. html • Tied to Visual Studio •Merging sucks (XML merge, yuck!) •Updating fails often • Disk space pollution • Project re-targeting •Pessimistic package version picker / fixed versions
- 37. Demo ASP.NET vNext approach is the way forward!
- 38. Conclusions
- 39. Conclusions What have we learned? • NuGet • File | New Project… • The state of NuGet • Every project is a package • Creating packages • Distributing packages • Consuming packages
- 40. “Project references must die. Embrace NuGet by consuming and creating packages. It’s a logical evolution.” - Maarten Balliauw
- 41. Thank you! http://blog.maartenballiauw.be @maartenballiauw http://amzn.to/pronuget2
Notas do Editor
- Maarten
- Open IniTech.TpsReports solution Explain demo application we will be building Explain we will skip the actual File | New Project... Because of demo purposes, but we will cover the steps right after that Go through HomeController and the related views and model classes Let’s add some NuGet Goodness! Bootstrap Datepicker ELMAH for diagnostics Run updates! We are get-latest addicts! Next, explain that for date formatting, we need one of our own projects. Which is located somewhere on my disk in another github repository from the framework code team enterprise architects. Open TpsReportCoversheet.cshtml and add reference That is awesome! Build, run and demonstrate the application. Switch hats: become the architect and open IniTech.Framework solution A good architect refactors! Let’s switch namespaces. And that formatter,we need a FormatterFactory for that! Close Visual Studio. We also want to move this project in the source repository, because it is not at the best location Switch hats again and try compiling IniTech.TpsReports solution... What has happened! RELEASE IS TODAY! HELP! And the architect guy is in a meeting or presenting or something. PANIC!
- Open IniTech.Framework solution Run a nuget spec and show the file in action (update it and so on) Run nuget pack to package it Open it in NuGet Package Explorer (explain the tool!) and see what is in there Level up: add a dependency on Newtonsoft.Json and run nuget pack again Open in NPE again and see the dependency magically appeared! If you do not want this, add developmentDependency=“true” Open the IniTech.TpsReports solution Drop the project reference and add a package source, install the framework that way Explain how it all works and where packages can come from, folder (and NuGet.Server) are a bad idea! (BAD BAD BAD!) Now that we are here... Create a spec, run packaging on the .csproj Explore the package: dependencies are there, contents are in there too
- Explain TeamCity (CI, project, configuration, build steps) Let’s make sure our IniTech.Framework is packaged Create project from URL - https://github.com/maartenba-demo/initech-nuget.git Autodetected build steps: none in this case? Add build step: package restore Solution file: src/framework/IniTech.Framework/IniTech.Framework.sln Restore mode: restore Explain other options and their evilness (autoupdate? noooo!) Mention because of the private feed we are using (TeamCIty itself), we want to add authentication there as well Add build step: build solution Solution file: src/framework/IniTech.Framework/IniTech.Framework.sln Add build step: pack Project file: src/framework/IniTech.Framework/IniTech.Framework/IniTech.Framework.csproj Version: 1.0.%build.number% Output: “artifacts” + tick publish to artifacts to make the package visible on the TeamCity NuGet feed Run a build, see package has been created. Run a NuGet.exe list nuget list -Source http://teamcity.balliauw.net/httpAuth/app/nuget/v1/FeedService.svc Sources: %teamcity.nuget.feed.auth.server% and https://nuget.org/api/v2 Switch to the existing build configuration for the IniTech.TpsReports solution Explain same setup: package restore, build, pack Edit the package restore step and mention for this configuration we are using the TeamCity server itself as a package source, as well as NuGet.org Run a build, see the results tabs and get an inventory of all packages consumed Open IniTech.Framework solution, make a change, commit, build Open the IniTech.TpsReports solution, update packages, keep working Explain that when the framework would have a breaking change, we have to update the version number so developers will see there are breaking changes and they will have work to do when they update for the update. How do developers know about the feeds to use? Open the NuGet.config file, mention inheritance, mention developers will automatically have that feed available Package restore: close the solution, delete the packages folder, open and build Explain no need to use the Enable package restore menu anymore (in fact, it will hurt you) If package restore fails (which happens a lot when fiddling with settings), make sure the (Aggregate Source) is selected in the NuGet.config file so ALL feeds are checked, not just one
- Similar to consuming packages in Visual Studio, only command line this time Do a nuget list -Source http://teamcity.balliauw.net/httpAuth/app/nuget/v1/FeedService.svc Explain we can get all packages, install them, ... We know this is a web application, so let us create a deploy.bat Open the existing one Explain the steps in there Explain we are installing without version number in paths so we can more easily script something Feel free to add database deployment in a similar way, calling into SQL Server command line Feel free to add DevOps stuff: why not create a new Windows Azure VM using th CLI tools they have and then FTP the NuGet contents up there? Mention this is quite archaic but it works. You have to know the project you will be deploying and that is it. Mention we could also run this script from TeamCity, in fact we have a demo on that Show the configuration there Show the snapshot dependency Show promoting build Mention OctopusDeploy.com again, show it on screen quickly, explain it is a good companion to TeamCity: Build on one, convention-based deployments with the other
- Explain setup: instead of using the TeamCity internal feed we want to use another one The reason for that is: we don’t want to have just our build artifacts on there, but we want to make it the only feed of thruth (much like a VCS does for sources, this feed will do so for dependencies) Quickly create a feed on MyGet, add dependencies from the IniTech.TpsReports solution by uploading packages.config. Make sure they are mirrored. Also configure the framework build to push there and run it. Delete package sources in the IniTech.TpsReports solution and add our one source of thruth All developers can now only use these approved packages + in-house artifacts that are created Option: create an “unstable” feed to test out new versions and migrate to teh “real” feed when they get approved (there is a push upstream feature for that on MyGet)
- Show referencing projects kpm build