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1. Hazards and Risks in the
Workplace
Types of Workplace Hazards

2. Hazard
• is a term used to describe something that has
the potential to cause harm or
adverse effects to individuals, organizations
property or equipment.

3. Safety hazards:
• Inadequate and
insufficient machine
guards,
unsafe workplace
conditions, unsafe
work practices.

4. Biological hazards:
• Caused by organisms
such as viruses,
bacteria, fungi and
parasites.

5. Chemical hazards:
• Solid, liquid, vapor or
gaseous substances,
dust, fume or mist

6. Ergonomic hazards:
• Anatomical, physiological,
and psychological demands
on the
worker, such as repetitive and
forceful movements,
vibration, extreme
temperatures,
and awkward postures arising
from improper work methods
and improperly designed
workstations, tools, and
equipment.

7. Physical hazards:
• Noise, vibration,
energy, weather,
electricity, radiation
and
pressure.

8. Psychological hazards:
• Those that are basically
causing stress to a
worker.This
kind of hazard troubles
an individual very much
to an extent that his
general wellbeing is
affected

9. What are examples of hazards?

10. Risk
• is the chance or probability that a person
will be harmed or experience an adverse
health effect caused by a hazard.

11. Factors that influence the degree of risk
include:
• how much a person is exposed to a hazardous thing or
condition; and
• how the person is exposed (e.g., breathing in a vapor,
skin contact), and how severe
are the effects under the conditions of exposure.

12. Risk assessment
Risk assessment is the process where you:
1. identify hazards;
2. analyze or evaluate the risk associated with that hazard; and
3. determine appropriate ways to eliminate or control the
hazard.

14. Adverse health effect
• any change in body function or the
structures of cells that can lead to disease or
health problems

15. Adverse health effects
• Bodily injury
• Disease
• Change in the way the body functions, grows, or develops
• Effects on a developing fetus
• Effects on children, grandchildren, etc.
• Decrease in life span solvents
• Effects on the ability to accommodate additional stress