Most Beautiful Call Girl in Bangalore Contact on Whatsapp
Devitalized extirpation, amputation and combined method
1. Devitalized extirpation,Devitalized extirpation,
amputation and combinedamputation and combined
method of pulpitismethod of pulpitis
treatment. Mummification:treatment. Mummification:
stages, complications.stages, complications.
Comparative characteristicsComparative characteristics
of different methods ofof different methods of
pulpitis treatment.pulpitis treatment.
2. Cleaning and Shaping ofCleaning and Shaping of
the Root Canal Systemthe Root Canal System
3. Objectives of Canal PreparationObjectives of Canal Preparation
Start with the end in mindStart with the end in mind
4. Objectives of root canal preparationObjectives of root canal preparation
The root canal system must be:The root canal system must be:
CleanedCleaned of its organic remnantsof its organic remnants
ShapedShaped to receive a threeto receive a three
dimensional filling of the entiredimensional filling of the entire
root canal spaceroot canal space
5. Objectives of root canal preparationObjectives of root canal preparation
The canal isThe canal is
First cleansed by irrigationFirst cleansed by irrigation
Then shaped by instrumentationThen shaped by instrumentation
6.
7. Cleansing of the root canalCleansing of the root canal
ObjectivesObjectives
Removal of organic debrisRemoval of organic debris
Elimination of bacteriaElimination of bacteria
8. IrrigationIrrigation
An ideal irrigant:An ideal irrigant:
Is nontoxicIs nontoxic
Dissolves vital and necrotic tissueDissolves vital and necrotic tissue
Is bactericidalIs bactericidal
Lubricates the canalLubricates the canal
Removes the smear layerRemoves the smear layer
9. Sodium hypochloriteSodium hypochlorite
Dissolves vital and necroticDissolves vital and necrotic
tissuetissue
Is bactericidalIs bactericidal
Lubricates the canalLubricates the canal
11. ProlubeProlube
Facilitates placement of fileFacilitates placement of file
Entraps debrisEntraps debris
Helps in removal of the smearHelps in removal of the smear
layerlayer
13. Shaping of the root canalShaping of the root canal
Canal shape – produced byCanal shape – produced by
instrumentationinstrumentation
Objective is a smooth taperedObjective is a smooth tapered
preparationpreparation
22. Tip DesignTip Design
Non-cutting tipNon-cutting tip
Bullet nose (60 degree) tipBullet nose (60 degree) tip
Smooth transition angle whereSmooth transition angle where
tip meets flat radial landstip meets flat radial lands
23. Tip DesignTip Design
Designed to follow a pilot holeDesigned to follow a pilot hole
Guides instrument through canalGuides instrument through canal
during preparationduring preparation
28. Cross sectional geometryCross sectional geometry
Radial lands separated by three u-Radial lands separated by three u-
shaped flutesshaped flutes
Provide space for accumulation ofProvide space for accumulation of
debrisdebris
Moves debris out of canalMoves debris out of canal
29. Length of cutting bladeLength of cutting blade
Traditionally 16 mmTraditionally 16 mm
Orifice shapers – 10 mmOrifice shapers – 10 mm
30. Sizing of instrumentsSizing of instruments
ISO sizesISO sizes
Number refers to tip diameter inNumber refers to tip diameter in
tenths of mmtenths of mm
The tip diameter increases byThe tip diameter increases by
0.05 mm from sizes 10 to 60,0.05 mm from sizes 10 to 60,
then by 0.10 mmthen by 0.10 mm
31. Sizing of instrumentsSizing of instruments
% increase in diameter from #10% increase in diameter from #10
to #15 file is 50%to #15 file is 50%
Difference between #55 and #60Difference between #55 and #60
is only 9%is only 9%
32. Sizing of instrumentsSizing of instruments
Series 29Series 29
Progressive 29% increase in tipProgressive 29% increase in tip
diameterdiameter
Instruments are better spacedInstruments are better spaced
More instruments in smaller sizesMore instruments in smaller sizes
and fewer large instrumentsand fewer large instruments
33. Crown Down TechniqueCrown Down Technique
The coronal portion is preparedThe coronal portion is prepared
before the apical portionbefore the apical portion
Follows medical principle ofFollows medical principle of
cleansing before probing a woundcleansing before probing a wound
35. Crown Down TechniqueCrown Down Technique
Eliminates constrictions in theEliminates constrictions in the
coronal regioncoronal region
Reduces effect of canal curvatureReduces effect of canal curvature
Improves tactile awareness duringImproves tactile awareness during
apical preparationapical preparation
36. Crown Down TechniqueCrown Down Technique
Allows more effective irrigationAllows more effective irrigation
Removes majority of tissue andRemoves majority of tissue and
microbes before apical third ismicrobes before apical third is
approachedapproached
Reduces change in working lengthReduces change in working length
during apical preparationduring apical preparation
37. Crown Down TechniqueCrown Down Technique
Coronal thirdCoronal third Orifice shapersOrifice shapers
Middle thirdMiddle third 0.06 taper rotary Profiles0.06 taper rotary Profiles
Apical thirdApical third 0.04 taper hand Profiles0.04 taper hand Profiles
38. Clinical ProcedureClinical Procedure
Estimate working lengthEstimate working length
Parallel radiographParallel radiograph
Estimated working length is the distanceEstimated working length is the distance
from the reference point to thefrom the reference point to the
radiographic apexradiographic apex
41. Clinical ProcedureClinical Procedure
Explore the canalExplore the canal
Ensure that canal corresponds toEnsure that canal corresponds to
radiographic apexradiographic apex
Small file – #10 K-fileSmall file – #10 K-file
May need to precurve these SS filesMay need to precurve these SS files
42. Clinical ProcedureClinical Procedure
Files used in a push/pull orFiles used in a push/pull or
quarter turn pull motionquarter turn pull motion
Never rotate these filesNever rotate these files
through 360 degreesthrough 360 degrees
48. Clinical ProcedureClinical Procedure
Actual Working LengthActual Working Length
determinationdetermination
Preparation should terminate atPreparation should terminate at
Apical constrictionApical constriction
1 mm short of radiographic apex1 mm short of radiographic apex
54. Clinical ProcedureClinical Procedure
This technique applies only to teethThis technique applies only to teeth
ranging from 18 – 23 mm in lengthranging from 18 – 23 mm in length
Coronal third measurement is WL minus 8Coronal third measurement is WL minus 8
mmmm
Middle third measurement is WL minus 4Middle third measurement is WL minus 4
mmmm
Apical third measurement is WLApical third measurement is WL
55. Preparation of the coronal thirdPreparation of the coronal third
Coronal third measurement is working lengthCoronal third measurement is working length
minus 8 mmminus 8 mm
Prepared using Profile orifice shapersPrepared using Profile orifice shapers
56. Preparation of the coronal thirdPreparation of the coronal third
Profile orifice shapersProfile orifice shapers
In sequence larger to smallerIn sequence larger to smaller
57. Preparation of coronal thirdPreparation of coronal third
Measure WL minus 8 mm on theMeasure WL minus 8 mm on the
largest Orifice Shaperlargest Orifice Shaper
Lubricate the canal with ProlubeLubricate the canal with Prolube
58. Preparation of coronal thirdPreparation of coronal third
Rotate OS at 300 rpmRotate OS at 300 rpm
Note: Orifice shaper should be rotating atNote: Orifice shaper should be rotating at
300 rpm before it is placed in the canal300 rpm before it is placed in the canal
Advance the OS in 1 mm incrementsAdvance the OS in 1 mm increments
When resistance occurs, retract OSWhen resistance occurs, retract OS
while still rotatingwhile still rotating
Never force any instrument apicallyNever force any instrument apically
59. Preparation of the coronal thirdPreparation of the coronal third
This OS will not extend to WL minusThis OS will not extend to WL minus
8 mm8 mm
Irrigate copiouslyIrrigate copiously
61. Preparation of coronal thirdPreparation of coronal third
Move to next smallest OSMove to next smallest OS
This will extend further than previous instrumentThis will extend further than previous instrument
Repeat the steps described for largest OSRepeat the steps described for largest OS
Move to next smallest OSMove to next smallest OS
Continue this sequence until working lengthContinue this sequence until working length
minus 8 mm is reachedminus 8 mm is reached
62. Preparation of coronal thirdPreparation of coronal third
Return to largest OSReturn to largest OS
This will now extend further intoThis will now extend further into
the canal than it did previouslythe canal than it did previously
Repeat this sequence until thisRepeat this sequence until this
(the largest) OS reaches WL(the largest) OS reaches WL
minus 8 mmminus 8 mm
63. Preparation of the coronal thirdPreparation of the coronal third
Never force any instrumentNever force any instrument
apicallyapically
Irrigate after every instrumentIrrigate after every instrument
Use copious amounts of ProlubeUse copious amounts of Prolube
65. Preparation of middle thirdPreparation of middle third
Middle third measurement is WLMiddle third measurement is WL
minus 4 mmminus 4 mm
Prepared using 0.06 taper SeriesPrepared using 0.06 taper Series
29 rotary Profiles in sequence29 rotary Profiles in sequence
larger to smallerlarger to smaller
66. Preparation of middle thirdPreparation of middle third
Prepared with 0.06 Series 29 NiTi rotary Profiles
67. Preparation of middle thirdPreparation of middle third
Measure working length minus 4 mmMeasure working length minus 4 mm
on the largest 0.06 taper series 29on the largest 0.06 taper series 29
rotary filerotary file
Set green rubber stop at that lengthSet green rubber stop at that length
Lubricate the canal with ProlubeLubricate the canal with Prolube
68. Preparation of middle thirdPreparation of middle third
Rotate at 300 rpmRotate at 300 rpm
File must be rotating at 300 rpm before itFile must be rotating at 300 rpm before it
is placed in canalis placed in canal
Advance file in 1 mm incrementsAdvance file in 1 mm increments
When resistance occurs, retract fileWhen resistance occurs, retract file
while still rotatingwhile still rotating
Copious irrigation with NaOClCopious irrigation with NaOCl
70. Preparation of the apical thirdPreparation of the apical third
Prepare to actual working lengthPrepare to actual working length
Use 0.04 taper NiTi hand files inUse 0.04 taper NiTi hand files in
sequence smaller to largersequence smaller to larger
72. Preparation of apical thirdPreparation of apical third
Measure working length on #15 fileMeasure working length on #15 file
Set rubber stop at that lengthSet rubber stop at that length
Lubricate the canal with ProlubeLubricate the canal with Prolube
73. Preparation of apical thirdPreparation of apical third
Advance size 15 file to workingAdvance size 15 file to working
lengthlength
Rotate file through 360 degreesRotate file through 360 degrees
Irrigate copiously with NaOClIrrigate copiously with NaOCl
after each fileafter each file
74. Preparation of the apical thirdPreparation of the apical third
Advance size 20 file to workingAdvance size 20 file to working
lengthlength
Continue through sequence,Continue through sequence,
seating each file to working lengthseating each file to working length
75. Preparation of apical thirdPreparation of apical third
The largest file that extends to workingThe largest file that extends to working
length is the Master Apical file (MAF)length is the Master Apical file (MAF)
For large canals – minimum MAF #40 - 50For large canals – minimum MAF #40 - 50
For small canals – minimum MAF #35 - 40For small canals – minimum MAF #35 - 40
76. Master Apical FileMaster Apical File
Take a radiograph with MAF in place.Take a radiograph with MAF in place.
This confirms:This confirms:
• LengthLength
• PlacementPlacement